How＇s the effect of technical import actually？ The latter stage evaluation to technique import project is necessary to get the answer. Therefore, the latter stage evaluation to technique import project is not equal ...How＇s the effect of technical import actually？ The latter stage evaluation to technique import project is necessary to get the answer. Therefore, the latter stage evaluation to technique import project is not equal to the latter stage evaluation to general construction projects, it doesn＇t emphasize particularly on its economic profits but the performance of the digest, generalization, improvement and redevelopment of the imported technique.展开更多
China and some other Asian economies are the main providers of manufactured goods to the world. Similar geographical distribution, endowment structure and level of economic development mean that there is ferce competi...China and some other Asian economies are the main providers of manufactured goods to the world. Similar geographical distribution, endowment structure and level of economic development mean that there is ferce competition among Asian economies in the international market. In an effort to understand thoroughly the model of export competition of Asian economies, this paper breaks the trade flow data into the quantity, variety and quality. The main conclusions are as follows： First, the export competition of the Asian economies takes place at the several levels of quantity, quality and variety, and the competitive advantage of different countries and regions lies in different aspect,＂ second, the variety and quality of exports are closely related to the economic development level; third, there are strong trade ties among the Asian economies competing in the world commodity market;fourth, bigger countries export more produets in terms of quantity;fifth, the change from quantity competition to quality and variety competition is the only way for China to achieve sustainable export growth.展开更多
At present, the international economy continues growing slowly, and the foreign trade situation is not optimistic. In addition, domestic demand are strongly encouraged and expanded in China. Compared with a prosperous...At present, the international economy continues growing slowly, and the foreign trade situation is not optimistic. In addition, domestic demand are strongly encouraged and expanded in China. Compared with a prosperous domestic market, enterprises in the export processing zone have few advantages. Domestic sales have become an inevitable trend. It is also beneficial for the transformation and upgrading of export processing zone. However, it is quite difficult to open up the domestic market for export-oriented enterprises in the area. They will encounter many obstacles. The government and enterprises should take appropriate measures to facilitate the enterprise to turn export to domestic sales.展开更多
Our research topic is about the economic situation in the Middle East and North Africa （MENA） oil exporters after the global crisis in 2008. The authors tried to find the answers to the questions such as ＂How bad o...Our research topic is about the economic situation in the Middle East and North Africa （MENA） oil exporters after the global crisis in 2008. The authors tried to find the answers to the questions such as ＂How bad or good is the situation there？＂ and ＂what is the expectation about the future of the region？＂ Like other countries around the world, the MENA oil exporters, comprised of Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, United Arab Emirates, Yemen were adversely affected by the global crisis. The MENA oil exporters are recently recovering from their recession in 2009 when the global crisis was felt intensively there. GDP in the region has grown by 3.5 percent in 2010 after a low growth of 0.7 percent in 2009. The average real GDP growth excluding Libya is projected to reach 4.9 percent in 2011. Two developments mark the outlook： the unrest in the region and the surge in global fuel and food prices. For most oil exporters, the expected increase in oil prices and production volumes will lead to higher growth in 2011 and stronger fiscal and external balances, notwithstanding recent increases in government spending. The oil exporters＇ combined external current account surplus is estimated to increase. The effects of the political events in Tunisia and Egypt have spread in varying degrees to the MENA oil exporters in the region, and many of these countries are responding with public spending and job-creation measures to alleviate social tensions. The social unrest also highlights the need to pursue fundamental economic reforms--social policy, fiscal management, governance, business environment, labor markets, and financial sector access to facilitate more inclusive economic growth. While the MENA countries are generally divided into two sub-regions such as ＂oil exporters＂ and ＂oil importers＂ in the economic literature, the authors will deal with only the MENA oil exporters in this work. The negative effects of the global crisis in these countries on growth, inflation, current account balance, budget balance, and finally financial sector will be reviewed in this work and the expectations and the developments which occurred after the crisis in these countries will be dealt with especially in the context of the IMF reports.展开更多
Foreign Direct Investment （FDI} accounts for the largest and most important proportion of foreign capital in Albania, which undoubtedly plays an important role in the Albania＇s economic development growth. However, ...Foreign Direct Investment （FDI} accounts for the largest and most important proportion of foreign capital in Albania, which undoubtedly plays an important role in the Albania＇s economic development growth. However, as the country continues to take various preferential policies to promote foreign investment and the good momentum of Albania＇s economic development, FDI increases, While there are considerable theoretical treatments of the FDl-export linkage, relevant empirical analyses have been limited. This paper attempts to close the gap by investigating the issue with the Albanian data. The estimates indicate that FDI indeed has had a positive impact on Albanian export performance. The findings provide rich source of information to policy makers, researchers, and the management of both foreign and domestic owned firms. From this point of view, the study aims to make an empirical research how the FDI has influenced the trade growth of the country. Based on the theory of FDI, this paper through an FDI and foreign trade model tests the correlation between two of them and effect of FDI in Albania＇s international trade with data from 1996-2014. The results of the study showed that there is a positive relation between FDI and exports in Albania.展开更多
This article first summarizes the concept systems and models of creative industries, then compares China＇s international competitiveness index, import and export value, sub-sector indicators with developed countries ...This article first summarizes the concept systems and models of creative industries, then compares China＇s international competitiveness index, import and export value, sub-sector indicators with developed countries and other world economics from 2002 to 2008, analyzes the present trends, features and problems, and discusses irrational structure of China＇ s creativity goods and services export, imbalance value between import and export, insufficient generating and consuming of original creativities through the international creative industries trade statistics at last.展开更多
China has built three policy banks since 1994, which are China Development Bank, China Export-import Bank and China Agricultural Development Bank. Policy banks, as an important financial instrument, have made great co...China has built three policy banks since 1994, which are China Development Bank, China Export-import Bank and China Agricultural Development Bank. Policy banks, as an important financial instrument, have made great contributions to the development of China＇ s economy. But there isn＇ t an official law fbr policy banks for a long time. They just operate based on some relevant documents and regulations of their own. However these documents and regulations are always indistinct in law, which is not good for the further development of policy banks and the accomplishment of our country＇ s financial system. As a result, in order to standardize the operation of China＇ s policy banks, it＇ s essential to position policy banks in law accurately, which is also the only way to legalize policy banks. Aiming at finding out the problems existing in policy banks of China in present, this paper analyzes the general theory of policy banks, some relevant international experience and the current situation of law position of china＇ s policy banks. In addition, through the analyses of possible solutions, this paper wishes to reconstruct the legal location of China ＇ s policy banks.展开更多
文摘How＇s the effect of technical import actually？ The latter stage evaluation to technique import project is necessary to get the answer. Therefore, the latter stage evaluation to technique import project is not equal to the latter stage evaluation to general construction projects, it doesn＇t emphasize particularly on its economic profits but the performance of the digest, generalization, improvement and redevelopment of the imported technique.
基金Financial support from Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 71003107）, and Special Fund of Fundamental Scientific Research for Central Government-Supervised Higher Education Institutions, is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘China and some other Asian economies are the main providers of manufactured goods to the world. Similar geographical distribution, endowment structure and level of economic development mean that there is ferce competition among Asian economies in the international market. In an effort to understand thoroughly the model of export competition of Asian economies, this paper breaks the trade flow data into the quantity, variety and quality. The main conclusions are as follows： First, the export competition of the Asian economies takes place at the several levels of quantity, quality and variety, and the competitive advantage of different countries and regions lies in different aspect,＂ second, the variety and quality of exports are closely related to the economic development level; third, there are strong trade ties among the Asian economies competing in the world commodity market;fourth, bigger countries export more produets in terms of quantity;fifth, the change from quantity competition to quality and variety competition is the only way for China to achieve sustainable export growth.
文摘At present, the international economy continues growing slowly, and the foreign trade situation is not optimistic. In addition, domestic demand are strongly encouraged and expanded in China. Compared with a prosperous domestic market, enterprises in the export processing zone have few advantages. Domestic sales have become an inevitable trend. It is also beneficial for the transformation and upgrading of export processing zone. However, it is quite difficult to open up the domestic market for export-oriented enterprises in the area. They will encounter many obstacles. The government and enterprises should take appropriate measures to facilitate the enterprise to turn export to domestic sales.
文摘Our research topic is about the economic situation in the Middle East and North Africa （MENA） oil exporters after the global crisis in 2008. The authors tried to find the answers to the questions such as ＂How bad or good is the situation there？＂ and ＂what is the expectation about the future of the region？＂ Like other countries around the world, the MENA oil exporters, comprised of Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, United Arab Emirates, Yemen were adversely affected by the global crisis. The MENA oil exporters are recently recovering from their recession in 2009 when the global crisis was felt intensively there. GDP in the region has grown by 3.5 percent in 2010 after a low growth of 0.7 percent in 2009. The average real GDP growth excluding Libya is projected to reach 4.9 percent in 2011. Two developments mark the outlook： the unrest in the region and the surge in global fuel and food prices. For most oil exporters, the expected increase in oil prices and production volumes will lead to higher growth in 2011 and stronger fiscal and external balances, notwithstanding recent increases in government spending. The oil exporters＇ combined external current account surplus is estimated to increase. The effects of the political events in Tunisia and Egypt have spread in varying degrees to the MENA oil exporters in the region, and many of these countries are responding with public spending and job-creation measures to alleviate social tensions. The social unrest also highlights the need to pursue fundamental economic reforms--social policy, fiscal management, governance, business environment, labor markets, and financial sector access to facilitate more inclusive economic growth. While the MENA countries are generally divided into two sub-regions such as ＂oil exporters＂ and ＂oil importers＂ in the economic literature, the authors will deal with only the MENA oil exporters in this work. The negative effects of the global crisis in these countries on growth, inflation, current account balance, budget balance, and finally financial sector will be reviewed in this work and the expectations and the developments which occurred after the crisis in these countries will be dealt with especially in the context of the IMF reports.
文摘Foreign Direct Investment （FDI} accounts for the largest and most important proportion of foreign capital in Albania, which undoubtedly plays an important role in the Albania＇s economic development growth. However, as the country continues to take various preferential policies to promote foreign investment and the good momentum of Albania＇s economic development, FDI increases, While there are considerable theoretical treatments of the FDl-export linkage, relevant empirical analyses have been limited. This paper attempts to close the gap by investigating the issue with the Albanian data. The estimates indicate that FDI indeed has had a positive impact on Albanian export performance. The findings provide rich source of information to policy makers, researchers, and the management of both foreign and domestic owned firms. From this point of view, the study aims to make an empirical research how the FDI has influenced the trade growth of the country. Based on the theory of FDI, this paper through an FDI and foreign trade model tests the correlation between two of them and effect of FDI in Albania＇s international trade with data from 1996-2014. The results of the study showed that there is a positive relation between FDI and exports in Albania.
文摘This article first summarizes the concept systems and models of creative industries, then compares China＇s international competitiveness index, import and export value, sub-sector indicators with developed countries and other world economics from 2002 to 2008, analyzes the present trends, features and problems, and discusses irrational structure of China＇ s creativity goods and services export, imbalance value between import and export, insufficient generating and consuming of original creativities through the international creative industries trade statistics at last.
文摘China has built three policy banks since 1994, which are China Development Bank, China Export-import Bank and China Agricultural Development Bank. Policy banks, as an important financial instrument, have made great contributions to the development of China＇ s economy. But there isn＇ t an official law fbr policy banks for a long time. They just operate based on some relevant documents and regulations of their own. However these documents and regulations are always indistinct in law, which is not good for the further development of policy banks and the accomplishment of our country＇ s financial system. As a result, in order to standardize the operation of China＇ s policy banks, it＇ s essential to position policy banks in law accurately, which is also the only way to legalize policy banks. Aiming at finding out the problems existing in policy banks of China in present, this paper analyzes the general theory of policy banks, some relevant international experience and the current situation of law position of china＇ s policy banks. In addition, through the analyses of possible solutions, this paper wishes to reconstruct the legal location of China ＇ s policy banks.
