函数副作用在软件静态测试中的应用

提高检测精度是在基于缺陷模式的软件测试中一个亟待解决的问题。在区间运算技术的基础上,将函数执行后对上下文产生的影响定义为函数的副作用,如函数中对全局变量或类成员变量的更改、对指针型参数或引用型参数的更改,以及函数的返回值等。并给出函数副作用的形式化描述和生成算法,将其用于区间运算的过程中,显示软件静态测试的效果。实验结果表明,使用该方法的测试工具对缺陷的误报及漏报情况明显减少,测试精度显著提高。

A STUDY ON EQUILIBRIUM COASTAL PROFILES OF THE CLOSE TIDAL FLAT—A Case Study of Fengxian Tidal Flat

The article analyses the temporal spatial changes of profiles by EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) analysis and DTM analysis of GIS. These profiles, which are not affected by engineering, are chosen from the coast with successive field monitoring data from 1990 to 1999. Temporal and spatial EOF indicates the obvious stability of coast profile parameters in Fengxian tidal flat. In spatial scale, high tidal flats and deep water terraces are in a balance state while upper clino with steep slopes are sensitive and the stability is easy to be destroyed. In temporal scale, the erosion and deposition in this area are kept in balance in a whole. There are almost no change below 8- 9.5m. At the same time, it is the lower limit of tidal affection and the erosion and deposition process from it to high tidal flat keep in balance for many years. So the closure depth is appointed to from 8m to 9.5 m (Wusong datum mark).

Effects of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Related Wavebands′ Characteristics on Detecting Spatial Heterogeneity Using Variogram-based Analysis

Spatial heterogeneity is widely used in diverse applications, such as recognizing ecological process, guiding ecological restoration, managing land use, etc. Many researches have focused on the inherent scale multiplicity of spatial heterogeneity by using various environmental variables. How these variables affect their corresponding spatial heterogeneities, however, have received little attention. In this paper, we examined the effects of characteristics of normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） and its related bands variable images, namely red and near infrared （NIR）, on their corresponding spatial heterogeneity detection based on variogram models. In a coastal wetland region, two groups of study sites with distinct fractal vegetation cover were tested and analyzed. The results show that： l） in high fractal vegetation cover （H-FVC） area, NDV! and NIR variables display a similar ability in detecting the spatial he- terogeneity caused by vegetation growing status structure; 2） in low fractal vegetation cover （L-FVC） area, the NIR and red variables outperform NDVI in the survey of soil spatial heterogeneity; and 3） generally, NIR variable is ubiquitously applicable for vegetation spatial heterogeneity investigation in different fractal vegetation covers. Moreover, as variable selection for remote sensing applications should fully take the characteristics of variables and the study object into account, the proposed variogram analysis method can make the variable selection objectively and scientifically, especially in studies related to spatial heterogeneity using remotely sensed data.

Marcinkiewicz Integrals on the Weighted Herz-Morrey Spaces

In this paper, the weighted Herz-Morrey spaces are introduced and the estimates for Marcinkiewicz Integrals on the weighted Herz-Morrey spaces are studied.

Interpolation in R^2 with Minimum Value of the Uniform Norm of the Laplace Operator

Problems, which are studied in the paper, concern to theoretical aspects of interpolation theory. As is known, interpolation is one of the methods for approximate representation or recovery of functions on the basis of their given values at points of a grid. Interpolating functions can be chosen by many various ways. In the paper the authors are interested in interpolating functions, for which the Laplace operator, applied to them, has a minimal norm. The authors interpolate infinite bounded sequences at the knots of the square grid in Euclidian space. The considered problem is formulated as an extremal one. The main result of the paper is the theorem, in which certain estimates for the uniform norm of the Laplace operator applied to smooth interpolating functions of two real variables are established for the class of all bounded （in the corresponding discrete norm） interpolated sequences. Also connections of the considered interpolation problem with other problems and with embeddings of the Sobolev classes into the space of continuous functions are discussed. In the final part of the main section of the paper, the authors formulate some open problems in this area and sketch possible approaches to the search of solutions. In order to prove the main results, the authors use methods of classical mathematical analysis and the theory of polynomial splines of one variable with equidistant knots.

H_∞ Control Based on LMIs for a Class of Time-delay Switched Systems

The problem of H∞ stability analysis and control synthesis of switched systems with delayed states under arb/trary switchirg laws is considered. By means of Lyapunov function and linear matrix inequality tools, sufficient ctmdition of H∞ stability is presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Furthermore, the robust H∞ control synthesis via state feedback and output feedack is studied. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

A Version of Ekeland's Variational Principle in Countable Semi-Normed Spaces

In this paper, a now version of Ekeland's variational principle in countable semi-normed spaces is given.

Composition Operators from α-Bloch Spaces into Q_K Type Spaces

Suppose φ is an analytic map of the unit disk D into itself, X is a Banach space of analytic functions on D. Define the composition operator Cφ: Cφf = f °φ, for all f ∈ X. In this paper, the boundedness and compactness of the composition operators from α-Bloch spaces into QK(p,q) and QK,0(p,q) spaces are discussed, where 0 < α < ∞.

A trigonometric interval method for dynamic response analysis of uncertain nonlinear systems

This paper proposes a new non-intrusive trigonometric polynomial approximation interval method for the dynamic response analysis of nonlinear systems with uncertain-but-bounded parameters and/or initial conditions.This method provides tighter solution ranges compared to the existing approximation interval methods.We consider trigonometric approximation polynomials of three types:both cosine and sine functions,the sine function,and the cosine function.Thus,special interval arithmetic for trigonometric function without overestimation can be used to obtain interval results.The interval method using trigonometric approximation polynomials with a cosine functional form exhibits better performance than the existing Taylor interval method and Chebyshev interval method.Finally,two typical numerical examples with nonlinearity are applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

An iterative interval analysis method based on Kriging-HDMR for uncertainty problems

In recent years,growing attention has been paid to the interval investigation of uncertainty problems.However,the contradiction between accuracy and efficiency always exists.In this paper,an iterative interval analysis method based on Kriging-HDMR(IIAMKH)is proposed to obtain the lower and upper bounds of uncertainty problems considering interval variables.Firstly,Kriging-HDMR method is adopted to establish the meta-model of the response function.Then,the Genetic Algorithm&Sequential Quadratic Programing(GA&SQP)hybrid optimization method is applied to search for the minimum/maximum values of the meta-model,and thus the corresponding uncertain parameters can be obtained.By substituting them into the response function,we can acquire the predicted interval.Finally,an iterative process is developed to improve the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.Several numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.Simulation results indicate that the presented IIAMKH can obtain more accurate results with fewer samples.