非合作目标分光路激光测距中距离值的确定方法

卫星激光测距是目前空间大地测量的主要手段之一,在地球动力学和大地测量学等领域有广泛的应用。云南天文台即将开展非合作目标分光路激光测距试验,即激光接收和发射光路系统分别由相邻较近的两台望远镜完成。针对分光路非合作目标激光测距系统,提出了一种非合作目标分光路激光测距中测距值的确定方法,并给出了相应的计算公式,为分光路激光测距数据处理提供参考。

5G光分路器技术的研发与应用

随着第五代通信技术(5G)时代的到来,人们对高性能光分路器的需求日益增加。本文综述了在5G光通信领域中,PLC和FBT两种技术路线下光分路器的研发与应用。回顾了5G通信技术的迅猛发展和对光分路器高性能的需求。对氢氧控制技术进行了深入解析,通过对光波导器件拉锥成型过程中氢氧含量的调控,可实现对光分路器性能的精确控制。平板波导法在光分路器技术中的应用也得到了充分关注,对平板波导PLC法制备的光分路器的性能进行了评估,这种方法的优势在于其制备过程更为简便,同时在性能上也表现出良好的潜力,为高效制备提供了一种有前景的途径。详细讨论了这些技术在5G光分路器中的潜在应用。展望了基于氢氧控制FBT技术的5G光分路器的未来发展方向,强调了这一研究领域的重要性和潜在贡献。期望为5G光通信技术的发展提供新的思路和方法,推动光分路器技术在5G网络中的广泛应用。

多色分图层激光扫描自聚焦投影技术

为了突破常规激光投影仪由于单一波长的局限性造成应用场景的限制,同时实现对不同零件、不同材料、不同装配工艺的分图层投影,设计并搭建了多色分图层激光扫描自聚焦投影系统。系统采用2种波长的激光作为光源,根据二向色镜的位置不同,提出了多色共光轴和分光路2种激光扫描自聚焦投影方案,并推导了相应的光学系统数学模型。通过系统的自聚焦功能调节镜组间距,均可以实现在不同距离的投影面上聚焦出不同颜色的最小光斑。利用ZEMAX光学设计软件对2种投影光学系统进行仿真,并从系统可靠性和投影效果上对2种系统进行比较分析。实验结果表明:在3 m处的投影面上,共光轴系统各种波长的光斑直径均在0.8 mm以内,且光斑大小均匀,可以实现多色分图层的扫描自聚焦投影功能。

水质总氮测定影响因素分析

总氮是水质监测特别是湖库水质的重要指标之一,应用碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定总氮时,空白校正吸光度不易控制,主要考虑药剂与消解时间,要选择合乎标准要求的过硫酸钾,必要时加以重结晶提纯,且碱性过硫酸钾溶液宜现用现配。消解时间不足,难以完全消解所有的过硫酸钾,应保证在达到规定的温度与压力后,消解时间保持在40min以上。

水质总氮测定影响因素分析

总氮是水质监测特别是湖库水质的重要指标之一。应用碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定总氮时,空白校正吸光度不易控制。要选择合乎标准要求的过硫酸钾,必要时加以重结晶提纯,且碱性过硫酸钾溶液宜现用现配。消解时间不足,难以完全消解所有的过硫酸钾,应保证在达到规定的温度与压力后,消解时间在40min以上。

Methane concentration detection system based on differential infrared absorption

The infrared absorption method for methane concentration detection is an ideal way to detect methane at present. However, it is difficult to spread this method due to its high cost. In this paper, by using a wideband infrared light emitting di- ode （LED） accompanied with a PIN photo electric diode, a low-cost methane detection system was designed. To overcome the shortcomings caused by the wide working band, a differential light path was designed. By means of a differential ratio algo- rithm, the stability and the accuracy of the system were guaranteed. Finally, the validity of the system with the proposed algo- rithm was verified by the experiment results.

Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of single-crystal ZnO hexagonal pyramids by PEG400-assisted thermal decomposition route

Large-scale synthesis of ZnO hexagonal pyramids was achieved by a simple thermal decomposition route of precursor at 240 oC in the presence of PEG400. The precursor was obtained by room-temperature solid-state grinding reaction between Zn（CH3COO）2-2H2O and Na2CO3. Crystal structure and morphology of the products were analyzed and characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. The results of further experiments show that PEG400 has an important role in the formation of ZnO hexagonal pyramids. Difference between the single and double hexagonal pyramid structure may come from the special thermal decomposition reaction. The photoluminescence （PL） spectra of ZnO hexagonal pyramids exhibit strong near-band-edge emission at about 386 nm and weak green emission at about 550 nm. The Raman-active vibration at about 435 cm-1 suggests that the ZnO hexagonal pyramids have high crystallinity.

An Integratable Distributed Bragg Reflector Laser by Low-Energy Ion Implantation Induced Quantum Well Intermixing

An integratable distributed Bragg reflector laser is fabricated by low energy ion implantation induced quantum well intermixing.A 4 6nm quasi continuous wavelength tuning range is achieved by controlling phase current and grating current simultaneously,and side mode suppression ratio maintains over 30dB throughout the tuning range except a few mode jump points.

A 0.5mV High Sensitivity 200Mbps CMOS Limiting Amplifier with RSSI for Optical Receivers

A 0. 5mV high sensitivity,200Mbps CMOS limiting amplifier （LA） with 72dB ultra wide dynamic range is described. A novel active DC offset cancellation loop is elaborately analyzed and designed to achieve this performance. Using a signal path, a received signal strength indicator （RSSI）, based on the piecewise-linear approximation, is realized with a ± 2dB logarithmic accuracy in a 60dB indicating range. The architecture of the LA and RSSI employed is determined by the optimal sensitivity and RSSI accuracy for a specified speed, gain, and power consumption. It consumes 60mW from a single 5V supply. The active area is 1.05mm^2 using standard 5V 0.6μm CMOS technology.

Automated extraction of expressway road surface from mobile laser scanning data

This paper presents a voxel-based region growing method for automatic road surface extraction from mobile laser scanning point clouds in an expressway environment.The proposed method has three major steps:constructing a voxel model;extracting the road surface points by employing the voxel-based segmentation algorithm;refining the road boundary using the curb-based segmentation algorithm.To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method,the two-point cloud datasets of two typical test sites in an expressway environment consisting of flat and bumpy surfaces with a high slope were used.The proposed algorithm extracted the road surface successfully with high accuracy.There was an average recall of 99.5%,the precision was 96.3%,and the F1 score was 97.9%.From the extracted road surface,a framework for the estimation of road roughness was proposed.Good agreement was achieved when comparing the results of the road roughness map with the visual image,indicating the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed framework.

Joint routing and resource allocation in optical transport networks

A layered network model for optical transport networks is proposed in this paper,which involves IP,SDH and WDM layers.The strategy of Dynamic Joint Routing and Resource Allocation (DJRRA) and its algorithm description are also presented for the proposed layered network model.DJRRA optimizes the bandwidth usage of interface links between different layers and the logic links inside all layers.The simulation results show that in contrast to the classical separate sequential routing and resource allocation solutions,DJRRA can reduce the blocking probability and increase network throughput effectively.

WiFi over Fiber Link and Wavelength Assignment Protocol for Internet of Things

A novel Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) over fiber link and a wavelength assignment protocol are proposed to provide sufficient bandwidth and extensive coverage range for the various applications in the Internet of Things (IoT).The performance of the WiFi over fiber-based wireless IoT network is evaluated in terms of error vector magnitude (EVM) and data throughput for both the up and down links between the WiFi central control system and remote radio units (RRUs).The experimental results illustrate the reliability of the fiber transmission of 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (64QAM) WiFi signals by direct analog modulation.In order to efficiently utilize the wavelength resources,we also demonstrated the wavelength assignment protocol by employing optical switching configurations in Central Station (CS) to realize the wavelength switching,and the simulation results indicate the queuing size and the corresponding queue delay for different numbers of available wavelengths.

Inter-domain routing and wavelength assignment based on source routing in ASON

The inter-domain and intra-domain routings are treated jointly with dynamically distributed algorithms in automatically switched optical networks （ASON） based on source routing. The proposed algorithms are discussed through numerical calculations. The routing loops can be avoided efficiently and the inter-domain signaling complexity is reduced significantly. The performance of the blocking probability is also improved.

Design and Analysis of Ring Resonator with Thermal Tuning

A type of waveguide ring resonator, based on Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glass and using thermal-optical effect as tuning manner, is brought up. The ring resonator is composed of two straight waveguides and a ring waveguide with radius of 400 μm. Electrode is evaporated on the top of the waveguide to achieve thermal tuning. Firstly, the filtering scheme of the ring resonator is analyzed, then how parameters of the electrode influence the filtering characteristics is discussed.

QoT-Aware Grooming, Routing, and Wavelength Assignment(GRWA) for Mixed-Line-Rate Translucent Optical Networks

A Mixed Line Rate(MLR)optical network is a good candidate for a core backbone network because of its ability to provide diverse line rates to effectively accommodate traffic demands with heterogeneous bandwidth requirements.Because of the deleterious effects of physical impairments,there is a maximum transmission reach for optical signals before they have to be regenerated.Being expensive devices,regenerators are expected to be sparsely located and used in such a network,called a translucent optical network.In this paper,we consider the Grooming,Routing,and Wavelength Assignment(GRWA)problem so that the Quality of Transmission(QoT)for connections is satisfied,and the network-level performance metric of blocking probability is minimized.Cross-layer heuristics to effectively allocate the sparse regenerators in MLR networks are developed,and extensive simulation results are presented to demonstrate their effectiveness.

Performance Analysis of WLAN Medium Access Control Protocols in Simulcast Radio-Over-Fiber-Based Distributed Antenna Systems

The performance of three wireless local-area network(WLAN) media access control(MAC) protocols is investigated and compared in the context of simulcast radioover-fiber-based distributed antenna systems(RoF-DASs) where multiple remote antenna units(RAUs) are connected to one access point(AP) with different-length fiber links.The three WLAN MAC protocols under investigation are distributed coordination function(DCF) in basic access mode,DCF in request/clear to send(RTS/CTS) exchange mode,and point coordination function(PCF).In the analysis,the inter-RAU hidden nodes problems and fiber-length difference effect are both taken into account.Results show that adaptive PCF mechanism has better throughput performances than the other two DCF modes,especially when the inserted fiber length is short.

ROUTING AND WAVELENGTH ASSIGNMENT ALGORITHMS BASED ON EQUIVALENT NETWORKS

In this paper, a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) network model based on the equivalent networks is described, and wavelength-dependent equivalent arc, equivalent networks, equivalent multicast tree and some other terms are presented. Based on this model and relevant Routing and Wavelength Assign- ment (RWA) strategy, a unicast RWA algorithm and a multicast RWA algorithm are presented. The wave- length-dependent equivalent arc expresses the schedule of local RWA and the equivalent network expresses the whole topology of WDM optical networks, so the two algorithms are of the flexibility in RWA and the optimi- zation of the whole problem. The theoretic analysis and simulation results show the two algorithms are of the stronger capability and the lower complexity than the other existing algorithms for RWA problem, and the complexity of the two algorithms are only related to the scale of the equivalent networks. Finally, we prove the two algorithms’ feasibility and the one-by-one corresponding relation between the equivalent multicast tree and original multicast tree, and point out the superiorities and drawbacks of the two algorithms respectively.

Evolution to 200G Passive Optical Network

New generation passive optical network aims at providing more than 100 Gb/s capacity. Thanks to recent progress enabling a variety of optical transceivers up to 40 Gb/s, many evolution possibilities to 200G PONs （passive optical network） could be investigated. This work proposes two directly deployable cases of evolution to 200G PON based on the combination of these improved optical transceivers and WDM （wavelength division multiplexing）. The physical layer of the optical network has been simulated with OptiSystem software to show the communication links performances behavior when considering key components parameters in order to achieve good network design for a given area. The complexity of the proposed architectures and financial cost comparisons are also discussed.

Research Progress of Optical H2O Sensor With a DFB Diode Laser

In the field of near infrared H2O sensing, the acquisition of the absorption signal usually is from a noisy background, thus it is important to adopt an effective signal demodulation method. This study introduced the research progress in the field of trace water vapor detection, covering different individual gas detection techniques. On the basis of the conventional double-beam differential absorption, the division method in voltage and the dual-peak method based on the differential value of two adjacent absorption lines have been studied. Voltage division has an excellent stability to temperature variation, mechanical extrusion, and fiber bend loss. The dual-peak method proved a linear relation with the water vapor concentration, and this method provided a way to measure the concentration at high pressure. Furthermore, the so called balanced ratiometer detection （BRD） was introduced. It has an outstanding self-adjusting capability, and it can also avoid an excess phase difference caused by the current-to-voltage converting circuit, thus this method has a high sensitivity. In addition, the second harmonic technique applied to gas detection was introduced, and for the high-frequency modulation via driving current, l/f was suppressed apparently; as a result, this technique realized a better sensitive detection by one to two orders of magnitude.

Distributed Intrusion Monitoring System With Fiber Link Backup and On-Line Fault Diagnosis Functions

A novel multi-channel distributed optical fiber intrusion monitoring system with smart fiber link backup and on-line fault diagnosis functions was proposed. A 1 ~ N optical switch was intelligently controlled by a peripheral interface controller （PIC） to expand the fiber link from one channel to several ones to lower the cost of the long or ultra-long distance intrusion monitoring system and also to strengthen the intelligent monitoring link backup function. At the same time, a sliding window auto-correlation method was presented to identify and locate the broken or fault point of the cable. The experimental results showed that the proposed multi-channel system performed well especially whenever any a broken cable was detected. It could locate the broken or fault point by itself accurately and switch to its backup sensing link immediately to ensure the security system to operate stably without a minute idling. And it was successfully applied in a field test for security monitoring of the 220-km-length national borderline in China.