花园庄东地甲骨卜兆形态分型分式研究

花园庄东地甲骨的卜兆形态,具有典型性特征。花东甲骨的卜兆形态主要有标准"卜"字型、无首"卜"字型、无尾"卜"字型、横兆型、纵兆型、首俯型、首仰型、首上开型、尾俯型、尾仰型、尾下开型、首仰尾俯性、首俯尾仰型、首上开尾俯型、首仰尾下开型和身节折型16种基本类型,一共可以划分为90式。这些型式的卜兆形态显现出规律性,"卜"字型的卜兆形态最为常见,几乎所有甲骨之上都会出现。龟甲卜兆形态的最大特征,是以千里路为对称轴左右、以第二道齿纹为对称轴上下的对称性,而首上开尾俯型、首仰尾下开型和身节折型属于卜兆显示的特例,极其少见,在古人看来是凶煞的兆象。卜甲背面的千里路、齿纹、盾纹多已爆裂,也有灼龟失利而卜兆不成的情况。

从型式到分型分式——考古类型学中国化的关键环节

考古类型学是考古学研究的重要方法论,由瑞典学者蒙特柳斯在《东方和欧洲的古代文化诸时期》(Die?lteren Kulturperioden im Orient und in Europa)一书的第一卷《方法论》[1]系统提出,对中国考古学产生了重要而深远的影响[2]。特别是20世纪40年代苏秉琦对陕西宝鸡斗鸡台沟东区墓葬考古发掘资料的整理研究[3],成为考古类型学中国化历程的重要里程碑。

合瓦体青铜钮钟及其发展源流研究

本文对黄河中下游、长江中下游地区以及四川、广东等地发现的春秋初期至西汉前期合瓦体青铜钮钟做分型、分式、分期研究,并在此基础上探讨与钮钟发展源流相关的一系列形制问题。指出钮钟的形成与商、周时期的铃有密切关系,但两型钮钟的来源并不完全相同,A型钮钟是吸收铃与甬钟优势特征而成、B型钮钟则直接源于铃;战国后期兴起于齐国的A型Ⅱ2式钮钟不仅在当时影响到其它诸侯国的铸钟风格,还伴随着齐文化的传播成为战国到秦、汉之间双音钟铸造技术传承链条上关键的一环。

An Explicit Difference Scheme with High Accuracy and Branching Stability for Solving Parabolic Partial Differential Equation

This paper presents an explicit difference scheme with accuracy and branching stability for solving onedimensional parabolic type equation by the method of undetermined parameters and its truncation error is O(△t4+△x4). The stability condition is r=a△t/△x2<1/2.

秦汉漆耳杯的量化设计研究

耳杯作为汉代常用的饮食器具,产生于春秋战国时期,兴盛于秦汉,材质以漆器为主,其基本形制以椭圆形为主,弧形壁,浅腹平底,口缘两侧各有一耳,饼形以足或高足为主,又称"羽觞"。漆耳杯的形制轻盈,外形极似船,有学者认为"耳杯始于春秋战国,由椭杯、舟演变而来"。目前,学术界针对耳杯的研究大致集中于耳杯的称谓、与羽觞的关系、器形、工艺保护、铭文等方面。该文选取汉代漆耳杯数据资料,通过数据分析进行分型分式,结合人体工程学讨论其具体尺寸与人体正常尺度的关系,从而进行尺度分析,以实用功能为基础进行设计分析,从功能分析设计,从设计推断出功能;同时,解析漆器材质,以耳边材质的发展为线索,结合历史更替分析汉代艺术与审美的趋势。对汉代漆耳杯采用的数据量化方法是基于考古学对样品的分型分式,归纳人机工程学对耳杯的使用尺度,并结合数据统计,科学论证其设计形制和操持方式的合理性与差异性。

KIRCHHOFF FORMULA WITH LINE INTEGRAL FORM AND ITS APPLICATIONS

In this paper, Kirchhoff formula has been transformed from surface integral form into a line integral form. The new form of the formula can be applied to separate geometrical optical field from diffraction field, and reduce the time of numerical computation greatly. Based on the new form, an analytical formula of diffraction field in the far zone has been presented for the polygonal aperture illuminated by a uniform plane wave.

Finite difference method for dynamic response analysis of anchorage system

Based on some assumptions, the dynamic analysis model of anchorage system is established. The dynamic governing equation is expressed as finite difference format and programmed by using MATLAB language. Compared with theoretical method, the finite difference method has been verified to be feasible by a case study. It is found that under seismic loading, the dynamic response of anchorage system is synchronously fluctuated with the seismic vibration. The change of displacement amplitude of material points is slight, and comparatively speaking, the displacement amplitude of the outside point is a little larger than that of the inside point, which shows amplification effect of surface. While the axial force amplitude transforms considerably from the inside to the outside. It increases first and reaches the peak value in the intersection between the anchoring section and free section, then decreases slowly in the free section. When considering damping effect of anchorage system, the finite difference method can reflect the time attenuation characteristic better, and the calculating result would be safer and more reasonable than the dynamic steady-state theoretical method. What is more, the finite difference method can be applied to the dynamic response analysis of harmonic and seismic random vibration for all kinds of anchor, and hence has a broad application prospect.

A Distributed Optimal Scheme Based on Local QoS for Web Service Composition

The goal of web service composition is to choose an optimal scheme according to Quantity of Service （QoS） which selects instances in a distributed network. The networks are clustered with some web services such as ontologies, algorithms and rule engines with similar function and interfaces. In this scheme, web services acted as candidate service construct a distributed model which can＇t obtain the global services＇ information. The model is utilized to choose instances according to local QoS information in the progress of service composition. Some QoS matrixes are used to record and compare the instance paths and then choose a better one. Simulation result has proven that our ~pproach has a tradeoff between efficiency and ~quality.

A Sedimentation-Dispersion Model for both Non-attached and Attached Particles in Three-Phase Batchwise Fluidized Beds

The axial concentration distribution of both particles with betterwetting (forming non-attached system) and poorer wetting (formingattached system) was investigated in a vertical gas-liquid-solidfluidized bed of 4.2 cm in diameters and 130 cm in height with thesolids holdup less than 0.05. The one-dimensionalsedimentation-dispersion model could be used satisfactorily todescribe the axial distribution of solids holdup by modifying only amodel parameter, i.e. by means of the terminal settling velocityminus a certain value, which is a functions of gas velocity andconsiders the effect of an additional drag force resulted fromattached rising bubbles.

Second-order difference scheme for a nonlinear model of wood drying process

A numerical simulation for a model of wood drying process is considered. The model is given by a couple of nonlinear differential equations. One is a nonlinear parabolic equation and the other one is a nonlinear ordinary equation. A difference scheme is derived by the method of reduction of order. First, a new variable is introduced and the original problem is rewritten into a system of the first-order differential equations. Secondly, a difference scheme is constructed for the later problem. The solvability, stability and convergence of the difference scheme are proved by the energy method. The convergence order of the difference scheme is secondorder both in time and in space. A prior error estimate is put forward. The new variable is put aside to reduce the computational cost. A numerical example testifies the theoretical result.

Regimes of Runoff Components on the Debris-covered Koxkar Glacier in Western China

By using a degree-day based distributed hydrological model, regimes of glacial runoff from the Koxkar glacier during 2007-2011 are simulated, and variations and characteristics of major hydrological components are discussed. The results show that the meltwater runoff contributes 67.4%, of the proglacial discharge, out of which snowmelt, clean ice melting, buried-ice ablation and ice-cliff backwasting account for 22.4%, 21.9%, 17.9% and 5.3% of the total melt runoff, respectively. Rainfall runoff is significant in mid-latitude glacierized mountain areas like Tianshan and Karakorum. In the Koxkar glacier catchment, about 11.5% of stream water is initiated from liquid precipitation. Spatial distributions for each glacial runoff component reveal the importance of climatic gradients, local topography and morphology on glacial runoff generation, and temporal variations of these components is closely related to the annual cycle of catchment meteorology and glacier storage. Four stages are recognized in the seasonal variations of glacier storage, reflecting changes in meltwater yields, meteorological conditions and drainage systems in the annual hydrological cycle.

Distributed Chunk-Based Optimization for MultiCarrier Ultra-Dense Networks

In this paper,a distributed chunkbased optimization algorithm is proposed for the resource allocation in broadband ultra-dense small cell networks.Based on the proposed algorithm,the power and subcarrier allocation problems are jointly optimized.In order to make the resource allocation suitable for large scale networks,the optimization problem is decomposed first based on an effective decomposition algorithm named optimal condition decomposition(OCD) algorithm.Furthermore,aiming at reducing implementation complexity,the subcarriers are divided into chunks and are allocated chunk by chunk.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves more superior performance than uniform power allocation scheme and Lagrange relaxation method,and then the proposed algorithm can strike a balance between the complexity and performance of the multi-carrier Ultra-Dense Networks.

RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF A NEURAL NETWORK CLASSIFIER BASED ON DYNAMIC THRESHOLD

In this study, a Multi-Layer BP neural network(MLBP) with dynamic thresholds is employed to build a classifier model.As to the design of the neural network structure, theoretical guidance and plentiful experiments are combined to optimize the hidden layers' parameters which include the number of hidden layers and their node numbers.The classifier with dynamic thresholds is used to standardize the output for the first time, and it improves the robustness of the model to a high level.Finally, the classifier is applied to forecast box office revenue of a movie before its theatrical release.The comparison results with the MLP method show that the MLBP classifier model achieves more satisfactory results, and it is more reliable and effective to solve the problem.

Polynomial Quasisolutions Method for Some Linear Differential Difference Equations of Mixed Type

The paper considers a scalar linear differential difference equation （LDDE） of mixed type x（t） = （a0 ＋ a1t）X（t） ＋ （b0 ＋ b1t）x（t - 1） ＋ （d0 ＋ d1tx（t ＋ 1） ＋ f（t）, t ∈ R, （＊） where f（t） = ∑n=0^F fn^tn. This equation is investigated with the use of the method of polynomial quasisolutions based on the representation of an unknown function in the form of polynomial x（t） = ∑n=0^N xn^tn. As a result of substitution of this function into equation （＊）, there appears a residual △（t） = 0（t^N）, for which an exact analytical representation has been obtained. In turn, this allows one to find the unknown coefficients xn and consequently the polynomial quasisolution x（t）. Several examples are considered.

Finite Difference Scheme for Solving Parabolic Partial Differential Equations with Random Variable Input under Mean Square Sense

This study deal with seven points finite difference method to find the approximation solutions in the area of mean square calculus solutions for linear random parabolic partial differential equations. Several numerical examples are presented to show the ability and efficiency of this method.

New Double Integrals Weighted Cebysev Type Inequalities

In the last years, the theory of integral inequalities are playing a very significant role in all fields of mathematics, many monographs have been devoted to this subject and present a very active and attractive field of research, the applications of integral inequalities have known a great development in many branches of mathematics in statistics, differential equations and numerical integration, The aim of this paper is to establish new extension of the weighted montgomery identity for double integrals then used it to establish new t^eby^evtype inequalities.

南方地区多角罐的考古学研究

多角罐分布于我国南方地区的墓葬中,时代自唐至明多有出现。依其特点,可分为15型,从年代、形状观察,其角饰呈现出一种"简单有规律—趋于复杂—复杂无序—简单无规律—消失"的形态。多角罐可分为五期,第一期,唐末—北宋前期。第二期,北宋中期—北宋晚期。第三期,北宋末期—南宋前期。第四期,南宋中期—南宋末期。第五期,元明时期。

故宫博物院所藏商周青铜簋的分期断代

故宫博物院收藏的商周青铜簋大多系传世品,其中不乏重要的精品。随着考古发现的增加,青铜器的研究也有了很大的发展。以此为据,结合院藏商周青铜簋的具体情况,吸取考古类型学已有的研究成果,将故宫博物院收藏的传世青铜簋依照器型、纹饰的特征和演变,再参考铭文内容,排出一个前后有序的系列,以期做到科学断代并和出土器相互印证。本文选择其中对比条件较典型的器物进行分期断代示例。

西汉銗镂再讨论

"銗镂"作为一种西汉时期特有的器形名称,在考古领域内已经被广泛认可并使用。伴随着近年来越来越多的相关器物的发表,本文尝试从"銗镂"形器的名称考定与研究、著录与存世、分型与分式、科学出土器物的分布以及在墓葬中的组合状况等几个方面来重新观察,并对该类器物的名称、功用以及分型分式做进一步的讨论和补充。

AN INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL PARABOLIC VARIATIONAL INEQUALITY ARISING FROM THE VALUATION OF DOUBLE BARRIER AMERICAN OPTION

This paper studies the nonlinear variational inequality with integro-differential term arising from valuation of American style double barrier option. First, the authors use the penalty method to transform the variational inequality into a nonlinear parabolic initial boundary problem(i.e., penalty problem). Second, the existence and uniqueness of solution to the penalty problem are proved by using the Scheafer fixed point theory. Third, the authors prove the existence of variational inequality' solution by showing the fact that the penalized PDE converges to the variational inequality. The uniqueness of solution to the variational inequality is also proved by contradiction.