继“人类基因组计划”之后，美国总统奥巴马在2015年的国情咨文演讲中宣布：“今晚，我将启动一项新的精准医疗计划（precision medicine initiative，PMI），它将使我们更加接近治愈肿瘤、糖尿病等疾病，同时获取能确保我们自己及家人...继“人类基因组计划”之后，美国总统奥巴马在2015年的国情咨文演讲中宣布：“今晚，我将启动一项新的精准医疗计划（precision medicine initiative，PMI），它将使我们更加接近治愈肿瘤、糖尿病等疾病，同时获取能确保我们自己及家人更加健康的个体化信息”［1］。该计划在近期将集中于肿瘤治疗，长期则将覆盖整个人类健康和疾病领域。与之相对应，2016年美国财政预算计划拨款2．15亿美元资助精准医疗计划，其中资助美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）1．3亿美元，用以建立至少百万人群的“国家研究队列”。同时资助美国国立癌症研究所（ NCI）7千万美元，用于肿瘤基因组学研究，以开发新的肿瘤治疗方法并建立一个全国性的“癌症知识网络”［1？2］。目前国内对精准医疗的讨论亦已开始，国家政策呼之欲出。展开更多
Esophageal cancer has been reported as the ninth most common malignancy and ranks as the sixth most frequent cause of death worldwide. Esophageal cancer treatment involves surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or ...Esophageal cancer has been reported as the ninth most common malignancy and ranks as the sixth most frequent cause of death worldwide. Esophageal cancer treatment involves surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or combination therapy. Novel strategies are needed to boost the oncologic outcome. Recent advances in the molecular biology of esophageal cancer have documented the role of genetic alterations in tumorigenesis. Oncogenes serve a pivotal function in tumorigenesis. Targeted therapies are directed at the unique molecular signature of cancer cells for enhanced efficacy with low toxicity. RNA interference(RNAi) technology is a powerful tool for silencing endogenous or exogenous genes in mammalian cells. Related results have shown that targeting oncogenes with siRNAs, specifically the mRNA, effectively reduces tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptotic cell death. This article will briefly review studies on silencing tumor enhancer genes related to the induction of esophageal cancer.展开更多
文摘继“人类基因组计划”之后，美国总统奥巴马在2015年的国情咨文演讲中宣布：“今晚，我将启动一项新的精准医疗计划（precision medicine initiative，PMI），它将使我们更加接近治愈肿瘤、糖尿病等疾病，同时获取能确保我们自己及家人更加健康的个体化信息”［1］。该计划在近期将集中于肿瘤治疗，长期则将覆盖整个人类健康和疾病领域。与之相对应，2016年美国财政预算计划拨款2．15亿美元资助精准医疗计划，其中资助美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）1．3亿美元，用以建立至少百万人群的“国家研究队列”。同时资助美国国立癌症研究所（ NCI）7千万美元，用于肿瘤基因组学研究，以开发新的肿瘤治疗方法并建立一个全国性的“癌症知识网络”［1？2］。目前国内对精准医疗的讨论亦已开始，国家政策呼之欲出。
文摘Esophageal cancer has been reported as the ninth most common malignancy and ranks as the sixth most frequent cause of death worldwide. Esophageal cancer treatment involves surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or combination therapy. Novel strategies are needed to boost the oncologic outcome. Recent advances in the molecular biology of esophageal cancer have documented the role of genetic alterations in tumorigenesis. Oncogenes serve a pivotal function in tumorigenesis. Targeted therapies are directed at the unique molecular signature of cancer cells for enhanced efficacy with low toxicity. RNA interference(RNAi) technology is a powerful tool for silencing endogenous or exogenous genes in mammalian cells. Related results have shown that targeting oncogenes with siRNAs, specifically the mRNA, effectively reduces tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptotic cell death. This article will briefly review studies on silencing tumor enhancer genes related to the induction of esophageal cancer.
