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盐藻的耐盐机理的研究 被引量:3
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作者 贺庆华 张庆莲 《西南民族大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2008年第3期487-490,共4页
盐藻一直以来都被作为研究植物耐盐的模式物种,对其的研究已有一百多年的历史,积累了大量的数据.本文综述了对盐藻耐盐的主要研究文献,包括盐藻分类,生理生化特征和分子生物学三个方面,递进式的阐述了盐藻的研究现状,并着重介绍了盐藻... 盐藻一直以来都被作为研究植物耐盐的模式物种,对其的研究已有一百多年的历史,积累了大量的数据.本文综述了对盐藻耐盐的主要研究文献,包括盐藻分类,生理生化特征和分子生物学三个方面,递进式的阐述了盐藻的研究现状,并着重介绍了盐藻耐盐的分子生物学的相关研究,并提出盐藻耐盐的未来研究方向. 展开更多
关键词 盐藻 耐盐 抗议分子生物系
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血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensinⅡ)受体的研究进展 被引量:1
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作者 戴生明 朱铨英 苏定冯 《药学实践杂志》 CAS 1995年第3期141-144,共4页
血管紧张素Ⅱ(AⅡ)受体按照其与选择性拮抗剂的亲和力不同,至少可分为AT1和AT2受体两种。AT1、AT2受体的分布、氨基酸序列已经清楚。AT1受体是G蛋白偶联受体,可能通过抑制腺苷酸环化酶、激活磷脂酶C而促进磷脂酰... 血管紧张素Ⅱ(AⅡ)受体按照其与选择性拮抗剂的亲和力不同,至少可分为AT1和AT2受体两种。AT1、AT2受体的分布、氨基酸序列已经清楚。AT1受体是G蛋白偶联受体,可能通过抑制腺苷酸环化酶、激活磷脂酶C而促进磷脂酰肌醇水解起作用。AⅡ的已知作用均是由AT1受体介导的。AT2受体的生理功能及其信息跨膜转导机制迄今尚不清楚。 展开更多
关键词 血管紧张素Ⅱ 受体 分型 分子生物系
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Epitypification:should we epitypify? 被引量:2
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作者 Kevin D. HYDE Ying ZHANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2008年第10期842-846,共5页
Epitypification can solve many taxonomic problems and stabilize the understanding of species, genera, families or orders. The aim of this paper is to illustrate how to epitypify. A few examples where taxa have been ep... Epitypification can solve many taxonomic problems and stabilize the understanding of species, genera, families or orders. The aim of this paper is to illustrate how to epitypify. A few examples where taxa have been epitypified are considered and the benefits and disadvantages of epitypification are discussed. We also outline some examples of taxa which need to be epitypifled with reasons. 展开更多
关键词 COLLETOTRICHUM GENBANK Molecular phylogeny TAXONOMY TYPIFICATION
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Discriminating ability of molecular markers and morphological characterization in the establishment of genetic relationships in cultivated genotypes of almond and related wild species 被引量:2
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作者 Karim Sorkheh Behrouz Shiran +7 位作者 Soghra Kiani Nazanin Amirbakhtiar Sadegh Mousavi Vahid Rouhi Shahram Mohammady-D Thomas M. Gradziel Lyudmyla V. Malysheva-Otto Pedro Martinez-Gomez 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第3期183-194,共12页
A total 23 morphological traits, 19 AFLP-primer combinations, 80 RAPD primers and 32 SSR primer pair were used to compare the informativeness and efficiency of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified frag... A total 23 morphological traits, 19 AFLP-primer combinations, 80 RAPD primers and 32 SSR primer pair were used to compare the informativeness and efficiency of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in establishing genetic relationships among 29 almond cultivars and three related wild species. SSRs presented a high level of polymorphism and greater information content, as assessed by the expected hetrozygosity, compared to AFLPs and RAPDs. The lowest values of expected hetrozygosity were obtained for AFLPs; however AFLPs showed the highest efficiency, owing to their capacity to reveal large numbers of bands per reaction, which led to high values for various types of indices of diversity. All the three techniques discriminated almond genotypes very effectively, except that SSRs failed to discriminate between 'Monagha' and 'Sefied' almond genotypes. The correlation coefficients of similarity were statistically significant for all the three marker systems, but were lower for the SSR data than for RAPDs and AFLPs. For all the markers, high similarity in dendrogram topologies was obtained, although some differences were observed. All the dendrograms, including that obtained by the combined use of all the marker data, reflect relationships for most of cultivars according to their geographic diffusion. AMOVA detected more variation among cultivated and related wild species of almond within each geographic group. Bootstrap analysis revealed that the number of markers used was sufficient for reliable estimation of genetic similarity and for meaningful comparisons of marker types. 展开更多
关键词 Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) Random Amplified Potymorphic DNA (RAPDs) Simple-SequenceRepeats (SSRs) germplasm genetic relationships breeding prunus dulcis
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Molecular phylogeny of oligotrich genera Omegastrombidium and Novistrombidium(Protozoa,Ciliophora) for the systematical relationships within Family Strombidiidae 被引量:1
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作者 张倩倩 伊珍珍 +3 位作者 徐大鹏 AL-RASHEID Khaled A.S. 龚骏 宋微波 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第4期769-777,共9页
The phylogeny of the oligotrich ciliates is currently a hot debate despite the availability of both morphological and molecular data.In the present paper,further small subunit rRNA(SS rRNA) genes were analyzed from th... The phylogeny of the oligotrich ciliates is currently a hot debate despite the availability of both morphological and molecular data.In the present paper,further small subunit rRNA(SS rRNA) genes were analyzed from the Genera Omegastrombidium and Novistrombidium,as well as from Strombidium,and combined with three new SS rRNA sequences from Strombidium basimorphum,S.sulcatum population QD-1,and Novistrombidium testaceum population GD.The phylogenetic positions of these organisms were inferred using Bayesian inference,Maximum Likelihood,and Maximum Parsimony methods.The main results are:(1) the SS rRNA gene sequence analyses match the recent findings about the molecular evolution of oligotrichs,indicating that the family Strombidiidae is paraphyletic;(2) the Genus Omegastrombidium is separated from the Genus Strombidium,as shown in recent cladistic analyses;(3) morphospecies in Genus Novistrombidium,based on similarity of somatic ciliature,are separated from each other in all topological trees,indicating that this genus could be a paraphyletic group;(4) the molecular data indicate a possibility of paraphyly for the genus Strombidium;and(5) the similarities of the SS rRNA gene of specimens identified as S.sulcatum and S.inclinatum are 99.8%-100%.However,present knowledge on the oligotrichs sensu stricto is still insufficient and further studies based on both molecular and other technologies are required. 展开更多
关键词 Omegastrombidium Novistrombidium Strombidium SS rRNA PHYLOGENY
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Insights into the phylogeny of sporadotrichid ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora: Hypotricha) based on genealogical analyses of multiple molecular markers
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作者 胡晓燕 胡晓钟 +2 位作者 Khaled A.S.AL-RASHEID Saleh A.AL-FARRAJ 宋微波 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第1期96-102,共7页
The sporadotrichid ciliates are an especially diverse group. A number of investigators have studied the morphological, morphogenetic, and molecular relationships among members of this group. Despite this, a consistent... The sporadotrichid ciliates are an especially diverse group. A number of investigators have studied the morphological, morphogenetic, and molecular relationships among members of this group. Despite this, a consistent classification is still lacking and several important questions about the phylogenetic relationships within this group remain unsolved. To improve our understanding of these relationships, we constructed phylogenetic trees using the nucleotide sequences of the small-subunit rRNA (SSrRNA) gene and amino acid sequences of actin I and α-tubulin. Analyses of SSrRNA gene sequences indicated that: 1) the Sporadotrichida sensu Lynn (2008) and the Oxytrichidae are polyphyletic; 2) the Uroleptus species, which are classified to urostylids, formed a sister group with the oxytrichids; 3) Halteria grandinella, which is grouped morphologically with oligotrich species, clustered within the oxytrichids. These results are congruent with previous studies based on SSrRNA gene sequences. However, the amino acid sequences of actin I and α-tubulin yielded different topologies. The main results are: 1) in all phylogenetic trees, the genus Oxytricha was paraphyletic; 2) Uroleptus was sister to a subset of Urostyla and Holosticha, albeit with low supporting values; 3) Halteria grandinella was separated distantly from the Oxytrichidae in trees inferred from actin I amino acid sequences but clustered with oligotrichids in the α-tubulin analysis. The inconsistency among the trees inferred from these different molecular markers may be caused by rapidly accumulated genetic characterizations of ciliates. Further studies with additional molecular markers and sampling of more taxa are expected to better address the relationships among sporadotrichids. 展开更多
关键词 sporadotrichid ciliates PHYLOGENY SSRRNA actin I ALPHA-TUBULIN amino acid sequences
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Novel inhibitors for p90 ribosomal S6 protein kinase 2:design,synthesis and SAR
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作者 薛梦竹 袁俊 +6 位作者 吴彬 赵雪 刘晓峰 黄瑾 赵振江 李洪林 徐玉芳 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS 2012年第5期401-408,共8页
A series of benzohydrazide derivatives as novel ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) inhibitors were designed and synthesized from a hit compound previously discovered by ligand-based virtual screening. Biological assays sh... A series of benzohydrazide derivatives as novel ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) inhibitors were designed and synthesized from a hit compound previously discovered by ligand-based virtual screening. Biological assays showed that these compounds possessed moderate inhibitory activities towards RSK2. The structural activity relationships (SAR) were elucidated by molecular docking and further optimization was performed. 展开更多
关键词 RSK2 inhibitors Benzohydrazide derivatives SAR Molecular docking
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Application of Systems Biology Technology in Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine 被引量:8
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作者 李平 杨丽萍 巩跃文 《Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第2期153-157,共5页
Systems biology is an emerging science of the 21st century and its method and design of study resemble those of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Adopting systems biology technology will help to understand TCM Syndr... Systems biology is an emerging science of the 21st century and its method and design of study resemble those of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Adopting systems biology technology will help to understand TCM Syndromes and modernize Chinese herbal medicine. The technology platforms of systems biology, especially proteomics can provide useful tools for exploring essence of TCM syndromes and understanding principle of herbal formulation. Moreover, compared with methods of molecular biology, such as genomics and proteomics, metabolomics provide more direct, rapid, concise and effective methods for study of kidney disease especially in the case of prevention and treatment with TCM. 展开更多
关键词 systems biology TCM syndromes modernization of Chinese medicine PROTEOMICS metabolomics
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Early stages of non-classic crystal growth 被引量:4
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作者 GREER Heather F. 《Science China Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第12期1867-1876,共10页
Investigation of early stages of crystal growth revealed that crystal growth in some systems may not follow the classic route.In the early stages of inorganic crystal growth,precursor molecules and/or nanocrystallites... Investigation of early stages of crystal growth revealed that crystal growth in some systems may not follow the classic route.In the early stages of inorganic crystal growth,precursor molecules and/or nanocrystallites may aggregate into large and disordered particles with the assistance of some polymers or biomolecules.Surface crystallization of these aggregates would then take place to form shells with high crystallinity and density,followed by an extension of the crystallization from surface to core.This so-called reversed crystal growth mechanism has been found in crystallization of several inorganic compounds including zeolites,perovskites,metals and metal oxides,and will be identified in more material systems.The establishment of this new crystal growth route gave us more freedom to control the morphology of crystals and to understand the formation mechanism of many natural minerals.This article gives a brief review of the recent research in this field by featuring some typical examples of the reversed crystal growth. 展开更多
关键词 reversed crystal growth hollow crystals core-shell particles electron microscopy
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Invasion genetics: Lessons from a ubiquitous bird, the house sparrow Passer domesticus 被引量:4
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作者 Andrea L. LIEBL Aaron W. SCHREY +2 位作者 Samuel C. ANDREW Elizabeth L.SHELDON Simon C. GRIFFITH 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第3期465-476,共12页
Following an introduction, non-native species are exposed to environments that differ from those found in their native range; further, as these non-native species expand beyond the site of introduction, they must cons... Following an introduction, non-native species are exposed to environments that differ from those found in their native range; further, as these non-native species expand beyond the site of introduction, they must constantly adapt to novel environ- ments. Although introduced species are present across most ecosystems, few species have successfully established themselves on a truly global scale. One such species, the house sparrow Passer domesticus, is now one of the world's most broadly distributed vertebrate species and has been introduced to a great part of its current range. To date, work on four continents suggests both ge- netic and phenotypic variation exists between native and introduced ranges. As such, house sparrows represent an excellent op- portunity to study adaptations to novel environments and how these adaptations are derived. The global distribution of this spe- cies and the multiple independent introductions to geographically isolated sites allow researchers to ask questions regarding ge- netic variation and adaptation on a global scale. Here, we summarize the molecular studies of invasive house sparrows from the earliest work using allozymes through more recent work on epigenetics; using these studies, we discuss patterns of dispersal of this species. We then discuss future directions in techniques (e.g. next generation sequencing) and how they will provide new in- sight into questions that are fundamental to invasion biology. Finally, we discuss how continued research on the house sparrow in light of these genetic changes and adaptations will elucidate answers of adaptation, invasion biology, range expansion, and resi- lience in vertebrate systems generally 展开更多
关键词 House sparrow INVASIVE Passer domesticus
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Recent advances in optical-based and force-based single nucleic acid imaging 被引量:2
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作者 Shenshan Zhan Xiaoding Lou Fan Xia 《Science China Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第10期1267-1276,共10页
The capability to image, as well as control and manipulate single molecules such as nucleic acids(DNA or RNA) can greatly enrich our knowledge of the roles of individual biomolecules in cellular processes and their be... The capability to image, as well as control and manipulate single molecules such as nucleic acids(DNA or RNA) can greatly enrich our knowledge of the roles of individual biomolecules in cellular processes and their behavior in native environments. Here we summarize the recent advances of single nucleic acid imaging based on optical observation and force manipulation. We start by discussing the superiority of single molecule image, the central roles nucleic acids play in biosystems, and the significance of single molecule image towards nucleic acids. We then list a series of representative examples in brief to illustrate how nucleic acid of various morphologies has been imaged from different aspects, and what can be learned from such characterizations. Finally,concluding remarks on parts of which should be improved and outlook are outlined. 展开更多
关键词 single nucleic acid imaging optical-based observation force-based manipulation fluorescent imaging atomic force microscopy
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Prevalent intrinsic emission from nonaromatic amino acids and poly(amino acids) 被引量:8
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作者 Xiaohong Chen Weijian Luo +3 位作者 Huili Ma Qian Peng Wang Zhang Yuan Yongming Zhang 《Science China Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第3期351-359,共9页
Nonaromatic amino acids are generally believed to be nonemissive, owing to their lack of apparently remarkable conjugation within individual molecules. Here we report the intrinsic visible emission of nonaromatic amin... Nonaromatic amino acids are generally believed to be nonemissive, owing to their lack of apparently remarkable conjugation within individual molecules. Here we report the intrinsic visible emission of nonaromatic amino acids and poly(amino acids) in concentrated solutions and solid powders. This unique and widespread luminescent characteristic can be well rationalized by the clustering-triggered emission(CTE) mechanism, namely the clustering of nonconventional chromophores(i.e. amino, carbonyl,and hydroxyl) and subsequent electron cloud overlap with simultaneous conformation rigidification. Such CTE mechanism is further supported by the single crystal structure analysis, from which 3 D through space electronic communications are uncovered.Besides prompt fluorescence, room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) is also detected from the solids. Moreover, persistent RTP is observed in the powders of exampled poly(amino acids) of ε-poly-L-lysine(.-PLL) after ceasing UV irradiation. These results not only illustrate the feasibility of employing the building blocks of nonaromatic amino acids in the exploration of new luminescent biomolecules, but also provide significant implications for the emissions of peptides and proteins at aggregated or crystalline states. Meanwhile, they may also shed lights on further understanding of autofluorescence from biological systems. 展开更多
关键词 nonaromatic amino acids aggregation-induced emission clustering-triggered emission through space electronic communications room temperature phosphorescence
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Polyploid organisms 被引量:10
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作者 SONG Can LIU ShaoJun XIAO Jun HE WeiGuo ZHOU Yi QIN QinBo ZHANG Chun LIU Yun 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS 2012年第4期301-311,共11页
Polyploids are organisms with three or more complete chromosome sets. Polyploidization is widespread in plants and animals, and is an important mechanism of speciation. Genome sequencing and related molecular systemat... Polyploids are organisms with three or more complete chromosome sets. Polyploidization is widespread in plants and animals, and is an important mechanism of speciation. Genome sequencing and related molecular systematics and bioinformatics studies on plants and animals in recent years support the view that species have been shaped by whole genome duplication during evolution. The stability of polyploids depends on rapid genome recombination and changes in gene expression after formation. The formation of polyploids and subsequent diploidization are important aspects in long-term evolution. Polyploids can be formed in various ways. Among them, hybrid organisms formed by distant hybridization could produce unreduced gametes and thus generate offspring with doubled chromosomes, which is a fast, efficient method of polyploidization. The formation of fertile polyploids not only promoted the interflow of genetic materials among species and enriched the species diversity, but also laid the foundation for polyploidy breeding. The study of polyploids has both important theoretical significance and valuable applications. The production and application of polyploidy breeding have brought remarkable economic and social benefits. 展开更多
关键词 POLYPLOID whole genome duplication DIPLOIDIZATION distant hybridization polyploidy breeding
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Phylogeny of the Labeoninae (Teleostei, Cypriniformes) based on nuclear DNA sequences and implications on character evolution and biogeography 被引量:2
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作者 Lanping ZHENG Junxing YANG Xiaoyong CHEN 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第6期837-850,共14页
Abstract The Labeoninae is a subfamily of the family Cyprinidae, Order Cypriniformes. Oromandibular morphology within the Labeoninae is the greatest among cyprinid fishes. Although several phylogenetic studies about l... Abstract The Labeoninae is a subfamily of the family Cyprinidae, Order Cypriniformes. Oromandibular morphology within the Labeoninae is the greatest among cyprinid fishes. Although several phylogenetic studies about labeonines have been undertaken the results have been inconsistent and a comprehensive phylogeny is needed. Further, an incongruence between morphological and molecular phylogeny requires a systematic exploration of the significance of morphological characters on the basis of the molecular phylogeny. In this study, a total of 292 nucleotide sequences from 73 individuals (representing 24 genera and 73 species) of Labeoninae were analyzed. The results of the phylogenetic analysis indicate that there are four major clades within Labeoninae and three monophyletic lineages within the fourth clade. Results of the character evolution show that all oromandibular morphological characters are homoplastically distributed on the molecular phylogenetic tree and suggests that these characters evolved several times during the history of labeonines. In particular, the labeonine, a specific disc on the lower lip, has been acquired three times and reversed twice. These morphological characters do not have systematic significance but can be useful for taxonomy. The results of biogeography suggest that the Labeoninae originated from Southeast Asia and separately dispersed to Africa, East Asia and South Asia. 展开更多
关键词 PHYLOGENY Character evolution BIOGEOGRAPHY LABEONINAE
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Visible light-curable polymers for biomedical applications 被引量:2
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作者 ZHOU Di ITO Yoshihiro 《Science China Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第4期510-521,共12页
Photocurable systems, which offer advantages such as microfabrication and in situ fabrication, have been widely used as dental restorative materials. Because the visible light-curable(VLC) system causes no biological ... Photocurable systems, which offer advantages such as microfabrication and in situ fabrication, have been widely used as dental restorative materials. Because the visible light-curable(VLC) system causes no biological damage, it is popular as a dental material and is being investigated by many researchers for other medical applications. Here, the principle of the VLC system is explained and recent progress in key components including photoinitiators, monomers, macromers, and prepolymers is discussed. Finally, biomedical applications for drug delivery and soft tissue engineering are reviewed. Considering the recent development of VLC systems, its importance in the field of medical applications is expected to continue to increase in the future. 展开更多
关键词 visible light PHOTOCURING PHOTOINITIATOR POLYMER BIOMEDICINE
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Effects of surfactants on enzyme-containing reversed micellar system 被引量:8
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作者 LIANG YunShan,YUAN XingZhong,ZENG GuangMing,ZHONG Hua,LI Hui & WANG WeiWei Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University),Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China 《Science China Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第5期715-723,共9页
With the development of colloid interface and enzyme technologies,enzyme-containing reversed micellar system has been receiving much attention in bioseparation and bioconversion. Because of its high efficiency,it has ... With the development of colloid interface and enzyme technologies,enzyme-containing reversed micellar system has been receiving much attention in bioseparation and bioconversion. Because of its high efficiency,it has brought new opportunities for the development of molecular biotechnology. Reversed micelles represent nano-sized aqueous droplets stabilized by surfactant amphiphiles inside the bulk organic solvents. The entrapped enzymes have enhanced activities under those conditions as suited in the lipid bilayers of biological membranes. The fundamentals of enzyme-containing reversed micellar system are described in this paper,with special emphasis on the effects of surfactants varying in concentrations and structures. The latest study progress on the surfactants application in enzyme-containing reversed micelles is reviewed. The introduction of novel functional surfactants in micellar enzymology and their future development are also discussed. 展开更多
关键词 reversed micelle ENZYME surfactant concentration surfactant molecular structure enzyme-containing reversed micellar system.
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Primate phylogeny:molecular evidence for a pongid clade excluding humans and a prosimian clade containing tarsiers 被引量:5
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作者 HUANG Shi 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS 2012年第8期709-725,共17页
Unbiased readings of fossils are well known to contradict some of the popular molecular groupings among primates,particularly with regard to great apes and tarsiers.The molecular methodologies today are however flawed... Unbiased readings of fossils are well known to contradict some of the popular molecular groupings among primates,particularly with regard to great apes and tarsiers.The molecular methodologies today are however flawed as they are based on a mistaken theoretical interpretation of the genetic equidistance phenomenon that originally started the field.An improved molecular method the 'slow clock' was here developed based on the Maximum Genetic Diversity hypothesis,a more complete account of the unified changes in genotypes and phenotypes.The method makes use of only slow evolving sequences and requires no uncertain assumptions or mathematical corrections and hence is able to give definitive results.The findings indicate that humans are genetically more distant to orangutans than African apes are and separated from the pongid clade ~17.6 million years ago.Also,tarsiers are genetically closer to lorises than simian primates are.Finally,the fossil times for the radiation of mammals at the K/T boundary and for the Eutheria-Metatheria split in the Early Cretaceous were independently confirmed from molecular dating calibrated using the fossil split times of gorilla-orangutan,mouse-rat,and opossum-kangaroo.Therefore,the re-established primate phylogeny indicates a remarkable unity between molecules and fossils. 展开更多
关键词 genetic non-equidistance genetic equidistance molecular clock Neutral theory MGD hypothesis slow clock pongid tarsiers ORANGUTANS CHIMPANZEES GORILLAS
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