The effects of socio-demographics, land use characteristics and trip attributes on the commute mode choice are studied with a nested logit （NL） model. Based on the random utility maximum theory, the NL model is form...The effects of socio-demographics, land use characteristics and trip attributes on the commute mode choice are studied with a nested logit （NL） model. Based on the random utility maximum theory, the NL model is formulated. The analysis is carried out in the main area of Nanjing. Direct and cross elasticities are calculated to analyze the effects of travel time and travel cost on the selection of travel mode choice. The results reveal that the non-motorized travel modes are more attractive in the areas with higher housing and employment accessibility and car owners are found to be more likely to commute to work by car. The bus and subway choice probabilities are more sensitive to changes in travel times than to changes in travel costs. In conclusion, a comprehensive public transit system and effective integration of land use and transportation policies help to relieve the traffic congestion levels caused by the increasing urban sprawl.展开更多
According to the natural ecology and socio-economic conditions in Henan Province, a land use regionalization index system with 6 factors and 24 factor layers was constructed by combining with the characteristics of la...According to the natural ecology and socio-economic conditions in Henan Province, a land use regionalization index system with 6 factors and 24 factor layers was constructed by combining with the characteristics of land use in Henan Province. Expert scoring method was used to determine the weights of the indicators. Based on the similarities and differences of these factors in the index system at county （city, district） levels, hierarchical clustering method was used to make the quantitative analysis to the land use regionalization in Henan Province. And constrastive analysis and qualitative analysis were made to the regionalization scheme by combining with the acutal conditions in the counties （cities, districts）, and finally, Henan Province was classified into 6 regions.展开更多
The distributions of N utilizing bacteria (denitrifying bacteria and ammonifying bacteria) ,P utilizing bacteria (organic phosphobacteria and inorganic phosphobacteria) and heterotrophic bacteria in the Changjiang Est...The distributions of N utilizing bacteria (denitrifying bacteria and ammonifying bacteria) ,P utilizing bacteria (organic phosphobacteria and inorganic phosphobacteria) and heterotrophic bacteria in the Changjiang Estuary,and the roles of main environmental factors in distributing bacteria,are explored with observations from two cruises in June and August 2006.Comparisons between the two important periods of initial hypoxia phase (June) and developed hypoxia phase (August) show differences in both bacterial distributions and the associated main environmental factors.First,the primary group of ammonifying bacteria has larger magnitude with spatial maximum value in the hypoxic stations related to sediment in August.The phosphobacterial abundance and detection rates in August are much lower than those in June,but the denitrifying bacterial abundance becomes greater in August.However,the difference of heterotrophic bacterial abundance between June and August is not obvious.Second,main environmental factors influencing bacteria vary from initial hypoxia phase to developed hypoxia phase.Two parameters (salinity and NO3) in surface water and five environmental parameters (pH,salinity,PO43,NO3and temperature) in bottom water and surface sediment play major roles in the bacterial abundance in June,while different parameter combinations (salinity and PO43) in surface water and different parameter combinations (DO,DOC,NO3,PO43 and pH) in bottom water and surface sediment play major roles in August.Moreover,the bottom bacteria distributions in area south of 31 N are related to the position of the Taiwan Warm Current in June.The bacterial abundance and distribution may respond to the environmental change in the hypoxia processes of initial phase and developed phase.During the hypoxia processes,the whole structure of bacterial functional groups probably turns to different states,causing the recycling of nutrient regeneration and aggravating hypoxia regionally.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50908051)
文摘The effects of socio-demographics, land use characteristics and trip attributes on the commute mode choice are studied with a nested logit （NL） model. Based on the random utility maximum theory, the NL model is formulated. The analysis is carried out in the main area of Nanjing. Direct and cross elasticities are calculated to analyze the effects of travel time and travel cost on the selection of travel mode choice. The results reveal that the non-motorized travel modes are more attractive in the areas with higher housing and employment accessibility and car owners are found to be more likely to commute to work by car. The bus and subway choice probabilities are more sensitive to changes in travel times than to changes in travel costs. In conclusion, a comprehensive public transit system and effective integration of land use and transportation policies help to relieve the traffic congestion levels caused by the increasing urban sprawl.
基金Supported by the Study on the Farmland Quality Evolution and Protection Mechanism based on Rapid Urbanization~~
文摘According to the natural ecology and socio-economic conditions in Henan Province, a land use regionalization index system with 6 factors and 24 factor layers was constructed by combining with the characteristics of land use in Henan Province. Expert scoring method was used to determine the weights of the indicators. Based on the similarities and differences of these factors in the index system at county （city, district） levels, hierarchical clustering method was used to make the quantitative analysis to the land use regionalization in Henan Province. And constrastive analysis and qualitative analysis were made to the regionalization scheme by combining with the acutal conditions in the counties （cities, districts）, and finally, Henan Province was classified into 6 regions.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB428903)the Chinese offshore Investigation and Assessment Program(908-01-BC06)+5 种基金the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project of China(201305043-3)the Innovative Team of Key Science and Technology on Marine Aquaculture of Zhejiang Province(2010R50025)the Marine Science Foundation of State Oceanic Administration for Youth(2013140)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41306112)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LY13D060004)the Basic Scientific Research Fundof SIO,China(JG1 311,JG1312)
文摘The distributions of N utilizing bacteria (denitrifying bacteria and ammonifying bacteria) ,P utilizing bacteria (organic phosphobacteria and inorganic phosphobacteria) and heterotrophic bacteria in the Changjiang Estuary,and the roles of main environmental factors in distributing bacteria,are explored with observations from two cruises in June and August 2006.Comparisons between the two important periods of initial hypoxia phase (June) and developed hypoxia phase (August) show differences in both bacterial distributions and the associated main environmental factors.First,the primary group of ammonifying bacteria has larger magnitude with spatial maximum value in the hypoxic stations related to sediment in August.The phosphobacterial abundance and detection rates in August are much lower than those in June,but the denitrifying bacterial abundance becomes greater in August.However,the difference of heterotrophic bacterial abundance between June and August is not obvious.Second,main environmental factors influencing bacteria vary from initial hypoxia phase to developed hypoxia phase.Two parameters (salinity and NO3) in surface water and five environmental parameters (pH,salinity,PO43,NO3and temperature) in bottom water and surface sediment play major roles in the bacterial abundance in June,while different parameter combinations (salinity and PO43) in surface water and different parameter combinations (DO,DOC,NO3,PO43 and pH) in bottom water and surface sediment play major roles in August.Moreover,the bottom bacteria distributions in area south of 31 N are related to the position of the Taiwan Warm Current in June.The bacterial abundance and distribution may respond to the environmental change in the hypoxia processes of initial phase and developed phase.During the hypoxia processes,the whole structure of bacterial functional groups probably turns to different states,causing the recycling of nutrient regeneration and aggravating hypoxia regionally.
