倾斜特厚煤层上分层开采时下分层煤体载荷及渗透率演化规律研究

为了得到倾斜特厚煤层上分层开采时下分层煤体载荷及渗透率演化规律,以新疆硫磺沟煤矿9-15(06)工作面为研究对象,构建了采空区底板应力传递模型,模拟了随着上分层推进时下分层煤体载荷演化过程,并以此为下分层采集煤样应力路径,开展了下分层含瓦斯煤应力加卸载实验,得到了下分层煤体渗透率演化规律。结果表明:随着上分层推进,下分层煤体垂直应力经历了原岩应力、应力增加至支承应力峰值、支承应力峰值后卸压、应力升高恢复稳定;沿煤层倾向,下分层煤体进入采空区后,由倾斜上部至下部,煤体应力最大恢复程度逐渐增加;下分层煤体渗透率经历了初始渗透率、渗透率下降、渗透率上升、渗透率突增、渗透率降低恢复稳定;不同位置煤体进入采空区后,渗透率最大恢复程度随应力最大恢复程度的升高而增加。研究结果为揭示下分层煤体瓦斯涌出时空演化规律奠定了基础。

复合材料圆角面外受载仿真计算研究

采用有限元方法,计算复合材料圆角面外受载的应力分布,预测圆角区的分层载荷、部位与破坏载荷,研究不同铺设方式对圆角区应力分布的影响,并针对工程实际中圆角经常出现的制造缺陷,如分层和富树脂,研究了制造缺陷对复合材料圆角应力分布的影响。结果表明,采用三维体元的有限元建模方法对圆角区的分层载荷、部位和破坏载荷的预测可靠,可用于工程实际。

复合材料静压痕与落锤冲击初始损伤对比试验

为了研究复合材料层合板的分层起始载荷,对不同材料体系和不同铺层数的复合材料层合板进行了准静态压痕试验和落锤冲击试验.得到了复合材料层板的分层起始载荷和冲击分层损伤能量门槛值,并对损伤情况进行了分析.结果表明,层合板的落锤冲击试验的分层起始载荷与冲击能级有关,并且分层起始载荷值随冲击能级提高而增加;准静态压痕试验的分层起始载荷值要低于低速冲击试验的分层起始载荷值;当冲击能量达到层板分层损伤能量门槛值时,层板发生大量分层损伤,层合板刚度出现急剧下降.

Buckling behavior of micro metal wire on polymer membrane under combined effect of electrical loading and mechanical loading

The buckling behavior of a typical structure consisting of a micro constantan wire and a polymer membrane under coupled electrical-mechanical loading was studied. The phenomenon that the constantan wire delaminates from the polymer membrane was observed after unloading. The interfacial toughness of the constantan wire and the polymer membrane was estimated. Moreover, several new instability modes of the constantan wire could be further triggered based on the buckle-driven delamination. After electrical loading and tensile loading, the constantan wire was likely to fracture based on buckling. After electrical loading and compressive loading, the constantan wire was easily folded at the top of the buckling region. On the occasion, the constantan wire buckled towards the inside of the polymer membrane under electrical-compressive loading. The mechanisms of these instability modes were analyzed.

A simplified approach for settlement calculation of pile groups considering pile-to-pile interaction in layered soils

A simplified approach is presented for the analysis of the settlement of vertically loaded pile groups. In order to simulate the nonlinear pile-to-pile interaction in pile groups, the soils along the piles are assumed to behave as a series of nonlinear springs subjected to the shaft shear stress at the pile/soil interface. Considering the displacement reduction induced by the pile-to-pile interaction, the shear-deformation method is adopted to approximate the displacement field of the layered soils around the piles, and the equivalent stiffness of the springs is obtained. Furthermore, the load-settlement response of pile groups is deduced by modifying the load-transfer functions to account for the pile-to-pile interaction. The settlements of a laboratory pile groups computed by the presented approach are in a good agreement with measured results. The analysis on Contrastive parameters shows that the settlements of pile group decrease with the increase of the pile space and pile length, and the part of piles exceeding the critical pile length has little contribution to the beating capacity of the pile groups.

Reinforcement by polyurethane to stiffness of air-supported fabric formwork for concrete shell construction

By spraying concrete on inner surface,air-supported fabric structures can be used as formwork to construct reinforced concrete shell structures.The fabric formwork has the finished form of concrete structure.Large deviation from the desired shape of concrete shells still remains as central problem due to dead weight of concrete and less stiffness of fabric formwork.Polyurethane can be used not only as a bonding layer between fabrics and concrete but also as an additional stiffening layer.However,there is little research on mechanical behaviors of the polyurethane shell structure.This paper presents experimental studies on an inflated fabric model with and without polyurethane,including relief pressure tests,vertical loading tests and horizontal loading tests.Experimental results show that the additional polyurethane layer can significantly enhance the stiffness of the fabric formwork.Compared with the experiment,a numerical model using shell layered finite elements has a good prediction.The reinforcement by polyurethane to improve stiffness of air-supported fabric formwork is expected to be considered in the design and construction of the concrete shell,especially dealing with the advance of shape-control.

Reliability analysis of laminated composite under compression and shear loads

Carrying on a series of compression and shear tests by a large number of specimens, reliabilities of T300/QY8911 laminated composite were studied when dispersibility models were described. The results show that the stress is linearly dependent on the strain and the damage modes of specimens are brittle fracture for both kinds of tests. Dispersibility models of compression and shear strength are expressed as Re-N（415.39, 6 586.36） and Rs-ln（5.071 8, 0.155 3）, respectively. When normal and lognormal distributions were used to describe the dispersibility models of compression and shear strength, and the compression or shear load follows the normal distribution, the almost same failure probability can be obtained from different reliability analysis methods.

Progressive collapse resisting capacity of reinforced concrete load bearing wall structures

Reinforced concrete(RC) load bearing wall is widely used in high-rise and mid-rise buildings. Due to the number of walls in plan and reduction in lateral force portion, this system is not only stronger against earthquakes, but also more economical. The effect of progressive collapse caused by removal of load bearing elements, in various positions in plan and stories of the RC load bearing wall system was evaluated by nonlinear dynamic and static analyses. For this purpose, three-dimensional model of 10-story structure was selected. The analysis results indicated stability, strength and stiffness of the RC load-bearing wall system against progressive collapse. It was observed that the most critical condition for removal of load bearing walls was the instantaneous removal of the surrounding walls located at the corners of the building where the sections of the load bearing elements were changed. In this case, the maximum vertical displacement was limited to 6.3 mm and the structure failed after applying the load of 10 times the axial load bored by removed elements. Comparison between the results of the nonlinear dynamic and static analyses demonstrated that the "load factor" parameter was a reasonable criterion to evaluate the progressive collapse potential of the structure.