“分布式工学交替”人才培养模式的探索与实践

高等职业院校应根据学生的学习能力与认知规律,在考虑到学生理论知识领悟程度的基础上,结合学生未来就业岗位实际技能的掌握要求,校企合作,循序渐进,通过实施工学结合的人才培养模式来实现人才培养的目的,满足企业的用人需求。本文通过对电子商务专业"分布式工学交替"的工学结合人才培养模式的探索与实践,以期形成对经贸类专业可借用的人才培养方案。该研究课题为常州信息职业技术学院国家示范性院校建设教育教学研究重点课题。

分布式光纤测温系统在采空区煤自燃监测中的应用

随着综采放顶煤技术的应用,增加了采空区的自然发火机率和防治难度。介绍了煤自燃监测方法的研究现状,根据拉曼散射理论,设计出用于采空区的分布式光纤测温系统(DTS);工业性试验表明,系统能够准确的对温度进行实时监测,并及时记录预警信息(故障、差温、高温),为采空区煤自燃早期预防提供了重要基础数据。

认知Wi-Fi网络中使用相关均衡的频谱共享算法

认知Wi-Fi网络是基于认知无线电技术、感知和利用电视频谱白空的新型无线局域网.在该无线网络环境下,设计了集中式和分布式两种基于相关均衡的频谱共享算法.综合考虑了认知Wi-Fi网络的频谱分裂特性、多网间的互扰和用户的业务需求等,将频谱共享问题建模为非协作博弈.两种算法分别考虑了有效性和复杂度.其中,集中式算法可最大化网络整体收益,而分布式算法无须引入信息交互.仿真结果表明,相较于贪婪算法,这两种算法均能提升网络收益.

A distributed dynamic mesh model of a helical gear pair with tooth profile errors

A dynamic model of a helical gear rotor system is proposed.Firstly,a generally distributed dynamic model of a helical gear pair with tooth profile errors is developed.The gear mesh is represented by a pair of cylinders connected by a series of springs and the stiffness of each spring is equal to the effective mesh stiffness.Combining the gear dynamic model with the rotor-bearing system model,the gear-rotor-bearing dynamic model is developed.Then three cases are presented to analyze the dynamic responses of gear systems.The results reveal that the gear dynamic model is effective and advanced for general gear systems,narrow-faced gear,wide-faced gear and gear with tooth profile errors.Finally,the responses of an example helical gear system are also studied to demonstrate the influence of the lead crown reliefs and misalignments.The results show that both of the lead crown relief and misalignment soften the gear mesh stiffness and the responses of the gear system increase with the increasing lead crown reliefs and misalignments.

黄土丘陵沟壑区坡长与地形复杂度关系研究

流域分布式土壤侵蚀学坡长作为流域和区域尺度水文模型和土壤侵蚀模型的最基本参数之一,对研究土壤侵蚀的形成和发展有重要影响。从黄土丘陵沟壑区的常用地形因子入手,详细探讨了坡长与地形之间的联系,在此基础上建立了地形要素交互作用的多维复合集成模型,并根据该模型定量计算出研究区各地形要素对坡长的贡献,进而揭示了地形对于水土流失的影响。研究表明:①复杂地形因子对于坡长的贡献率更高,更能揭示地形对于水土流失的影响;②7种复合地形因子,对于坡长的贡献正负不一;③地形因子对坡长的贡献率由高到低依次为坡谱信息熵、粗糙度、高程面积积分、起伏度、海拔标准差、平均坡度、剖面曲率、平面曲率、沟壑密度。

A new DFB-fiber laser hydrophone

A new fiber optic hydrophone is described. based on a distributed feedback fiber laser (DFB-fiber laser) Experimental arrangement consists of DFB-FL, unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer, piezoelectric (PZT) modulator, detection and feedback control circuit, and oscillograph. Experimental results show that the bare DFB-FL hydrophone is extremely sensitive to small perturbations in their environment and can acquire exact acoustic signals.

A quasi-distributed dynamic and static strain sensor system

A quasi-distributed dynamic and static strain sensor system consisting of 16 FBG sensors is designed by using an amplified-sponteneous emission （ASE） optical source, an optical tunable falter and a tunable laser. Aresolution of about 5 με has been achieved for dynamic strain measurement. The resolution for static strain measurement is about 1 με.

Strategies and Principles of Distributed Machine Learning on Big Data

The rise of big data has led to new demands for machine learning （ML） systems to learn complex mod- els, with millions to billions of parameters, that promise adequate capacity to digest massive datasets and offer powerful predictive analytics （such as high-dimensional latent features, intermediate repre- sentations, and decision functions） thereupon. In order to run ML algorithms at such scales, on a distrib- uted cluster with tens to thousands of machines, it is often the case that significant engineering efforts are required-and one might fairly ask whether such engineering truly falls within the domain of ML research. Taking the view that ＂big＂ ML systems can benefit greatly from ML-rooted statistical and algo- rithmic insights-and that ML researchers should therefore not shy away from such systems design-we discuss a series of principles and strategies distilled from our recent efforts on industrial-scale ML solu- tions. These principles and strategies span a continuum from application, to engineering, and to theo- retical research and development of big ML systems and architectures, with the goal of understanding how to make them efficient, generally applicable, and supported with convergence and scaling guaran- tees. They concern four key questions that traditionally receive little attention in ML research： How can an ML program be distributed over a cluster？ How can ML computation be bridged with inter-machine communication？ How can such communication be performed？ What should be communicated between machines？ By exposing underlying statistical and algorithmic characteristics unique to ML programs but not typically seen in traditional computer programs, and by dissecting successful cases to reveal how we have harnessed these principles to design and develop both high-performance distributed ML software as well as general-purpose ML frameworks, we present opportunities for ML researchers and practitioners to further shape and enlarge the area that lies between ML and systems..

Heavy metals distribution in fly ash from gangue power plant

To make assessment on its environmental security, fly ash samples were collected from the gangue power plant. Total content of heavy metals in sieved fly ash were analytically determined. We also carried out Tessier extractive experiments to check the chemical species of heavy metals. Experiment results show that the content of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd ascend when particle size is smaller. Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd obviously enrich in particulate fly ash. The chemical species of heavy metal distribution ranking sequence generally is residual〉organic combinative〉Fe-Mn oxide combinative〉carbonate combinative〉ion-exchangeable. Lead＇s amiable-move species were high in proportion, amounted to 35%. Total content of Cadmium is at low level, but its ion-exchangeable species is relatively high in proportion. Nickel and zinc is mainly distributed in residue. Cu is mainly distributed in residue and organic combinative form. The content of manganese is relatively high in fly ash, and the carbonate combinative iron-manganese oxide combinative species are main chemical form. Cr is mainly distributed in residue, and its other chemical species are at low level. Compared with the soil background value of study area and Shandong Province, the content of Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn and Cr in fly ash of gangue power plant is lower. While contents of Pb and Cd were higher than background value, and amiable-move species is relatively high in proportion. They are more apt to cause heavy metal pollution.

Label distribution expression recognition algorithm based on asymptotic truth value

Ambiguous expression is a common phenomenon in facial expression recognition(FER).Because of the existence of ambiguous expression,the effect of FER is severely limited.The reason maybe that the single label of the data cannot effectively describe complex emotional intentions which are vital in FER.Label distribution learning contains more information and is a possible way to solve this problem.To apply label distribution learning on FER,a label distribution expression recognition algorithm based on asymptotic truth value is proposed.Under the premise of not incorporating extraneous quantitative information,the original information of database is fully used to complete the generation and utilization of label distribution.Firstly,in training part,single label learning is used to collect the mean value of the overall distribution of data.Then,the true value of data label is approached gradually on the granularity of data batch.Finally,the whole network model is retrained using the generated label distribution data.Experimental results show that this method can improve the accuracy of the network model obviously,and has certain competitiveness compared with the advanced algorithms.

Error Thresholds in Single-Peak Gaussian Distributed Fitness Landscapes

Based on the Eigen and Crow-Kimura models with a single-peak fitness landscape, we propose the fitness values of all sequence types to be Gausslan distributed random variables to incorporate the effects of the fluctuations of the fitness landscapes （noise of environments） and investigate the concentration distribution and error threshold of quasispecies by performing an ensemble average within this theoretical framework. We find that a small fluctuation of the fitness landscape causes only a slight change in the concentration distribution and error threshold, which implies that the error threshold is stable against small perturbations. However, for a sizable fluctuation, quite different from the previous deterministic models, our statistical results show that the transition from quasi-species to error catastrophe is not so sharp, indicating that the error threshold is located within a certain range and has a shift toward a larger value. Our results are qualitatively in agreement with the experimental data and provide a new implication for antiviral strategies.

Characteristics of a Terrain-Following Sigma Coordinate

This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schematic of the σ-coordinate in a curvilinear coordinate system is provided in this study. The characteristics of the basis vectors were broken down into their ＂local vector charac- teristics＂ and ＂spatial distribution characteristics＂, and the exact expressions of the covariant; in addition, the con- travariant basis vectors of the G-coordinate used to eluci- date their detailed characteristics were properly solved. Through rewriting the expression of the vertical coordi- nate of G, a mathematical expression of all the cr-coor- dinate surfaces was found, thereby quantifying the so- called terrain-following characteristics and lack of flexi- bility to adjust the slope variation of G-coordinate sur- faces for the classic definition of G. Finally, an analysis on the range value of the vertical coordinate demonstrated that the general value range of G could be obtained by eliminating the G-coordinate surfaces below the Earth＇s surface. All these quantitative descriptions of the charac- teristics of G-coordinate were the foundation for improv- ing the G-coordinate or creating a new one.

Inter-domain routing and wavelength assignment based on source routing in ASON

The inter-domain and intra-domain routings are treated jointly with dynamically distributed algorithms in automatically switched optical networks （ASON） based on source routing. The proposed algorithms are discussed through numerical calculations. The routing loops can be avoided efficiently and the inter-domain signaling complexity is reduced significantly. The performance of the blocking probability is also improved.

Development of Bioinfo-Portal Tool for the Analysis of Genomic and Proteomic Data

The recent explosion of biological data and the concomitant proliferation of distributed databases make it challenging for biologists and bioinformaticians to discover the best data resources for their needs, and the most efficient way to access and use them For the biologist, running bioinformatics analyses involve a time-consuming management of data and tools. Users need support to organize their work, retrieve parameters and reproduce their analyses. They also need to be able to combine their analytic tools using a safe data flow software mechanism. Finally we have designed a system, Bioinfo-Portal, to provide a flexible and usable web environment for defining and running bioinformatics analyses. It embeds simple yet powerful data management features that allow the user to reproduce analyses and to combine tools using an adobe flex tool. Bioinfo-Portal can also act as a front end to provide a unified view of already-existing collections of bioinformatics resources. Users can analyze genomic and proteomic data by using the tools that has been integrated in the portal （tools for alignments, dotplots, motif detection, domain analysis, profile searching and tertiary structure prediction）. The sequences that user obtained from portal＇s nucleotide and protein databases are easily analyzed by the portal tools on the same interface in no time. User can also take benefit from the animations.

DPOI: Distributed Software System Development Platform for Ocean Information Service

Ocean information management is of great importance as it has been employed in many areas of ocean science and technology. However, the developments of Ocean Information Systems(OISs) often suffer from low efficiency because of repetitive work and continuous modifications caused by dynamic requirements. In this paper, the basic requirements of OISs are analyzed first, and then a novel platform DPOI is proposed to improve development efficiency and enhance software quality of OISs by providing off-the-shelf resources. In the platform, the OIS is decomposed hierarchically into a set of modules, which can be reused in different system developments. These modules include the acquisition middleware and data loader that collect data from instruments and files respectively, the database that stores data consistently, the components that support fast application generation, the web services that make the data from distributed sources syntactical by use of predefined schemas and the configuration toolkit that enables software customization. With the assistance of the development platform, the software development needs no programming and the development procedure is thus accelerated greatly. We have applied the development platform in practical developments and evaluated its efficiency in several development practices and different development approaches. The results show that DPOI significantly improves development efficiency and software quality.

New Operator Identity Derived by IWOP Technique and Its Application in Claculating Photocount Distribution

Using the technique of integration within an antinormally ordered product of operators we present a convenient approach for deriving some new operator identities in quantum optics theory. Based on P-representation we also derive a new formula for evaluating photocount distribution.

Medical Image Dynamic Collaborative Processing on the Distributed Environment

A new trend in the development of medical image processing systems is to enhance the shar-ing of medical resources and the collaborative processing of medical specialists. This paper presents an architecture of medical image dynamic collaborative processing on the distributed environment by combining the JAVA, CORBA (Common Object Request and Broker Architecture) and the MAS (Multi-Agents System) collaborative mechanism. The architecture allows medical specialists or applications to share records and cornmunicate with each other on the web by overcoming the shortcut of traditional approach using Common Gateway Interface (CGI) and client/server architecture, and can support the remote heterogeneous systems collaboration. The new approach im-proves the collaborative processing of medical data and applications and is able to enhance the in-teroperation among heterogeneous system. Research on the system will help the collaboration and cooperation among medical application systems distributed on the web, thus supply high quality medical service such as diagnosis and therapy to practicing specialists regardless of their actual geo-graphic location.

From Chaos to Qualia： An Analysis of Phenomenal Character in Light of Process Philosophy and Self-Organizing Systems

The author will propose that qualia--typically understood as the purely subjective and phenomenal elements of experience--are not specifically brain processes, but are instead best thought of as world processes that can be characterized as distributed self-organizing networks of Whiteheadian actual entities. If this is correct, then we need not wrestle with the materialist＇s ＂hard problem＂ of explaining how consciousness can arise from the purely objective particles and forces of fundamental ptiysics, but we will need to explain in what sense microparticles and other physical objects are experiential and objectively real without embracing panpsychism. Since Whiteheadian actual entities have intrinsic natures grounding the subjective and phenomenal aspects of experience, and extrinsic relations grounding objective physical properties, we find that qualia, understood in light of Whiteheadian actual entities, can provide the metaphysical foundations for both the subjective and objective aspects of the world.

Study and application of reinforcement learning based on DAI in cooperative strategy of robot soccer

A dynamic cooperation model of multi-agent is established by combining reinforcement learning with distributed artificial intelligence(DAI),in which the concept of individual optimization loses its meaning because of the dependence of repayment on each agent itself and the choice of other agents.Utilizing the idea of DAI,the intellectual unit of each robot and the change of task and environment,each agent can make decisions independently and finish various complicated tasks by communication and reciprocation between each other.The method is superior to other reinforcement learning methods commonly used in the multi-agent system.It can improve the convergence velocity of reinforcement learning,decrease requirements of computer memory,and enhance the capability of computing and logical ratiocinating for agent.The result of a simulated robot soccer match proves that the proposed cooperative strategy is valid.

FEM Edge Effect and Capacitance Evaluation on Cylindrical Capacitors

The purpose of this paper is to show the influence of the edge-effect on the electric field distribution, and hence on the inner capacitance and outer capacitance of a cylindrical capacitor surrounded by an insulating medium. To generalize the results, a two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model of a cylindrical capacitor has been generated and the problem has been resolved taking into account the distance between the conductors for a complete set of dimensions. The available obtained results have been compared with previous published works. Finally, using statistical tools, the mathematical expression for computing the relationship between capacitance and insulation gap and cylindrical plates dimensions has been obtained.