分散松弛因子在节点电价分解中的应用

提出一种分散松弛因子的确定方法。这种方法以当前仍具有有功调节能力的发电机组(边际机组)为对象,先计算边际机组有功出力对负荷有功的灵敏度,再按与灵敏度成正比的方法确定分散松弛因子,继而将这种分散松弛因子应用于电力市场中广泛采用的基于直流最优潮流的节点电价分解模型中,弥补了常规算法无法正确反映边际机组的缺陷。数字仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。

酸性柠檬酸盐溶液电镀镍

几乎所有的镀镍溶液都用硼酸作缓冲剂,但含硼化合物毒性高。研制了一种适合于电沉积镍的新型电镀溶液,镀液中柠檬酸钠充当缓冲剂和络合剂,这种镀液的缓冲容量比传统Watts大。研究了柠檬酸钠对阴极极化曲线、阴极电流效率、镀液分散因子的影响。用扫描电镜检查:镍沉积层致密、针孔少、结晶细小,X射线分析结果表明,与从Watts镀液中得到的镍沉积层比,从柠檬酸钠镀液中得到的镍沉积层晶粒小,晶面取向随机。因此,在Watts电镀液中,柠檬酸钠是硼酸的有效替代品。

信贷组合集中度风险计量模型综述

次贷危机后,为弥补新资本协议的风险管理缺陷,信贷组合集中度在银行实务中受到强烈关注,成为控制监管资本与经济资本差异的关键因素。文章梳理了当今备受关注的三种信贷组合集中度风险计量模型,包括多因子调整模型、分散因子模型和二项式扩展技术,在详细介绍它们各自的计算方法和特点的基础上,给出了应用建议。

关于Eisenstein判别法的一种推广

推广了 Eisenstein不可约多项式判别法 。

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Potential Evapotranspiration and Its Sensitivity to Meteorological Factors in Guizhou Province

[Objective] The study aims to discuss the changes of potential evapotran- spiration and its sensitivity to meteorological factors in Guizhou Province, so as to provide important references for assessment of water resources, research of agri- cultural water conservancy and climate change. [Method] Temporal and spatial dis- tribution characteristics of potential evapotranspiration in Guizhou Province from 1961 to 2010 were analyzed, and the sensitivity of potential evapotranspiration to meteo- rological factors in Guizhou Province was studied through correlation analysis. [Re- sult] On the whole, potential evapotranspiration in Guizhou Province was higher in the southwest and the west compared with the northeast and the east. In various seasons, it was the highest in summer, followed by spring and autumn, while it was the lowest in winter. In recent 40 years, annual potential evapotranspiration showed an obvious decreasing trend in most stations of Guizhou Province. The main meteo- rological factors influencing changes of potential evapotranspiration in Guizhou Province were sunshine duration, daily maximum temperature, and daily average relative humidity. [Conclusion] Daily average temperature was not the main meteoro- logical factor affecting changes of potential evapotranspiration in Guizhou Province, while sunshine duration, daily maximum temperature, and daily average relative hu- midity had important effects on potential evapotranspiration in Guizhou Province.

BLOCK SPECTRUM CHARACTERISTICS AND FATIGUE CRACK RANDOM GROWTH

Two parameters,block spectrum intensity Seq and spectrum shape factor a,which describe the characteristics of the loading block spectrum are defined,and the relationship between the parameters and fatigue crack propagation behaviours is investigated.It is shown that the spectrum intensity is an 'average drive force' of fatigue crack propagation,and the variance of fatigue crack size at a given fatigue life is closely related to the spectrum shape factor α.

GULF倾情呈现首款SUV专用润滑油为每一次越野的“凯旋之途”助力

(2016年7月22日,上海)今日,GULF海湾石油在发布会上推出国内首款SUV专用润滑油——凯途动力版,它是GULF海湾SUV润滑油系列中的顶级产品,柴汽通用,填补了国内SUV润滑油方面的空白。凯途动力版能有效减少发动机积炭和油泥,激发强劲动能,同时降低磨损率,使每一次奔放的越野之旅没有后顾之忧。此外,凯途具有更强的后处理装置适配性与保护能力。

先天性甲状腺功能减退症:大剂量的甲状腺素对成年后的记忆、注意力和行为无显著影响

Background: In congenital hypothyroidism (CH) it has been questioned whether high dose thyroxine replacement therapy has detrimental effects on memory, attention, and behaviour. Aims: To describe memory, attention, and behaviour problemsin young adults with CH, and to study possible negative effects of high dose thyroxine replacement therapy. Methods: Acohort based follow up study of 49 young adults (mean age 20 years)-with early treated CH, and sibling controls (n = 41). Results: Controlled for age and sex, the CH group attained significantly lower scores than sibling controls on some tests of memory (Wechsler Logical Memory part II: 12.9 versus 17.8; difference 5.2, 95% CI 3.6 to 6.8) and attention (Wechsler Freedom From Distractibility factor: 95.6 versus 104.8; difference 9.9, 95% CI 6.4 to 13.4). They rated themselves with more behaviour problems than did sibling controls (52.7 versus 44.7; difference -7.6, 95% CI -11.2 to -4.0) on the Achenbach Self Report. A high thyroxine starting dose, high serum thyroxine treatment levels during the first six childhood years, and high levels at assessment had no adverse effects on outcome measures at age 20. On the contrary, the results suggest better outcome with higher childhood treatment levels. Conclusions: Long term outcome revealed deficits in some aspects of memory, attention, and behaviour in young adults with CH relative to sibling controls. No adverse effects of high dose thyroxine therapy were found on measures of memory, attention, and behaviour problems.

Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor and Scattering of SH Wave by Circle Canyon and Crack

The dynamic stress intensity factor (DSIF) and the scattering of SH wave by circle canyon and crack are studied with Green's function. In order to solve the problem, a suitable Green's function is constructed first, which is the solution of displacement fields for elastic half space with circle canyon under output plane harmonic line loading at horizontal surface. Then the integral equation for determining the unknown forces in the problem can be changed into the algebraic one and solved numerically so that crack DSIF can be determined. Last when the medium parameters are altered, the influence on the crack DSIF is discussed partially with the displacement between circle canyon and crack.

青少年透明纤维瘤:1例报道和文献回顾

Background. Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) is a rare, inherited condition characterized by tumor-like growth of hyalinized fibrous tissue on the head and neck, joint contractures, and gingival hypertrophy. There may be marked clinical heterogeneity. Methods. We present a case of a 3-year-old Haitian boy with multiple firm nodules on the scalp and chin without joint contractures or gingival hypertrophy. Family history was not available. Results. Biopsy specimens from three scalp nodules were processed with routine and immunohistochemical stains.The matrix was periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue positive. The cellular stromal component was positive for vimentin and scattered factor XIIIa positive cells were found. Osteoclast-like giant cells were also noted, and stained for CD68. Conclusions. Our patient had the nodular growths on the scalp and face that are characteristically found in JHF. Microscopic examination confirmed the diagnosis and showed scattered intracytoplasmic and extracellular eosinophilic globules in three separate biopsy specimens. These were positive with PAS.

基于动态潮流模型的最小发电费用增量计算

传统最小发电费用增量计算模型将系统单位需求变化固定在单个平衡节点,所得计算结果作为系统调度运行的参考存在较大的偏差。为此,在动态潮流模型的基础上,根据分散松弛因子和总有功不平衡量之间的关系,建立了考虑多平衡节点的最小发电费用增量计算模型。针对转置雅克比矩阵法(transpose Jacobian method,TJM)求解此模型存在大系统无法收敛的问题,提出一种求解方案,分别采用内点法和TJM处理该模型的不等式和等式约束。最后,通过对多个算例进行数值仿真,验证了该模型和算法的有效性与正确性。

Prediction of mass transfer coefficients in an asymmetric rotating disk contactor using effective diffusivity

Mass transfer characteristics have been investigated in a 113 mm diameter asymmetric rotating disk contactor of the pilot plant scale for two different liquid–liquid systems. The effects of operating parameters including rotor speed and continuous and dispersed phase velocities on the volumetric overall mass transfer coefficients are investigated. The results show that the mass transfer performance is strongly dependent on agitation rate and interfacial tension, but only slightly dependent on phase flow rates. In this study, effective diffusivity is used instead of molecular diffusivity in the Grober equation for estimation of dispersed phase overall mass transfer coefficient.The enhancement factor is determined experimentally and there from an empirical expression is derived for prediction of the enhancement factor as a function of Reynolds number. The predicted results compared to the experimental data show that the proposed correlation can efficiently predict the overall mass transfer coefficients in asymmetric rotating disk contactors.

Stochastic Differential Game Model for Decentralized Power Control with Wisdom Regulation Factor in Wearable Audio-Oriented BodyNets

In this study, aiming at the characteristics of randomness and dynamics in Wearable Audiooriented BodyNets （WA-BodyNets）, stochastic differential game theory is applied to the investigation of the problem of transmitted power control inconsumer electronic devices. First, astochastic differential game model is proposed for non-cooperative decentralized uplink power control with a wisdom regulation factor over WA-BodyNets with a onehop star topology.This model aims to minimize the cost associated with the novel payoff function of a player, for which two cost functions are defined： functions of inherent power radiation and accumulated power radiation darmge. Second, the feedback Nash equilibrium solution of the proposed model and the constraint of the Quality of Service （QoS） requirement of the player based on the SIR threshold are derived by solving the Fleming-Bellman-Isaacs partial differential equations. Furthermore, the Markov property of the optimal feedback strategies in this model is verified.The simulation results show that the proposed game model is effective and feasible for controlling the transmitted power of WA-BodyNets.

Influence factors on thermal conductivity of ammonia-water nanofluids

In order to investigate the mechanism of nanoparticles enhancing the heat and mass transfer of the ammonia-water absorption process,several types of binary nanofluids were prepared by mixing Al2O3 nanoparticles with polyacrylic acid(PAA),TiO2 with polyethylene glycol(PEG 1000),and TiN,SiC,hydroxyapatite(noodle-like) with PEG 10000 to ammonia-water solution,respectively.The thermal conductivities were measured by using a KD2 Pro thermal properties analyzer.The influences of surfactant and ammonia on the dispersion stabilities of the binary nanofluids were investigated by the light absorbency ratio index methods.The results show that the type,content and size of nanoparticles,the temperature as well as the dispersion stability are the key parameters that affect the thermal conductivity of nanofluids.For the given nanoparticle material and the base fluid,the thermal conductivity ratio of the nanofluid to the ammonia-water liquid increases as the nanoparticle content and the temperature are increased,and the diameter of nanoparticle is decreased.Furthermore,the thermal conductivity ratio increases significantly by improving the stabilities of nanofluids,which is achieved by adding surfactants or performing the proper ammonia content in the fluid.

A Global Investigation About Hard Core Attractive Yukawa Approximation and Adhesive Hard Sphere Approximation for Structure of Colloidal Dispersion Systems

The accuracy of hard core attractive Yukawa (HCAY) potential and adhesivehard sphere (AH) potential in representing the structure factor of short range square well potentialand Asakura and Oosawa (AO) depletion potential is examined by comparing theoretical predictionswith the existing simulation data and the present numerical results from the non-linear optimizedrandom phase approximation closure for Ornstein—Zernike equation. For the case of square-well (SW)potential, it is shown that the structure factor of HCAY potential based on a recently proposedsemi-analytical expression for the radial distribution function can describe the structure factor ofSW potential with reduced well width λ ≤ 2 only if the reduced contact potential βε_(sw) ≤0.25, while the analytical expression for the structure factor of AH potential under Percus-Yevick(PY) approximation completely fails for the case of λ 】 1.2. For the case of AO depletionpotential, the domain of validity of both HCAY potential and AH potential is complementary. With theabove analysis and considering the solid-liquid transition of the AH potential with an adhesiveparameter τ below 1.31 cannot be predicted by modified weighted density approximation, the roleplayed by the HCAY potential about the mapping manipulation should not be ignored.

Effect of nerve growth factor and Schwann cells on axon regeneration of distracted inferior alveolar nerve following mandibular lengthening

Objective:To study the effect of nerve growth f actor (NGF) and Schwann cells on axon regeneration of the inferior alveolar nerv e following mandibular lengthening with distraction osteogenesis. Methods:Unilateral mandibular osteodistraction was performed i n 9 healthy adult male goats with a distraction rate of 1 mm/d. Every 3 goats we re killed on days 7, 14 and 28 after mandibular lengthening, respectively. The i nferior alveolar nerves in the distraction callus were harvested and processed f or ultrastructural and NGF immunohistochemical study. The inferior alveolar nerv es from the contralateral side were used as controls. Results:On day 7 after distraction, axon degeneration and Schw ann cell proliferation were observed, and very strong staining of NGF in the dis tracted nerve was detected. On day 14 after distraction, axon regeneration and r emyelination were easily observed, and NGF expression started to decline. On day 28 after distraction, the gray scale of NGF immunoreactivity recovered to the n ormal value and the Schwann cells almost recovered to their normal state. Conclusions:Gradual mandibular osteodistraction can result in mild or moderate axon degeneration of the inferior alveolar nerve. Nerve trauma may stimulate the proliferation of Schwann cells and promote the synthesis and s ecretion of NGF in the Schwann cells. Schwann cells and NGF might play important roles in axon regeneration of the injured inferior alveolar nerve following man dibular lengthening.

Scatter of fatigue data owing to material microscopic effects

A common phenomenon of fatigue test data reported in the open literature such as S-N curves exhibits the scatter of points for a group of same specimens under the same loading condition.The reason is well known that the microstructure is different from specimen to specimen even in the same group.Specifically,a fatigue failure process is a multi-scale problem so that a fatigue failure model should have the ability to take the microscopic effect into account.A physically-based trans-scale crack model is established and the analytical solution is obtained by coupling the micro-and macro-scale.Obtained is the trans-scale stress intensity factor as well as the trans-scale strain energy density(SED)factor.By taking this trans-scale SEDF as a key controlling parameter for the fatigue crack propagation from micro-to macro-scale,a trans-scale fatigue crack growth model is proposed in this work which can reflect the microscopic effect and scale transition in a fatigue process.The fatigue test data of aluminum alloy LY12 plate specimens is chosen to check the model.Two S-N experimental curves for cyclic stress ratio R=0.02 and R=0.6 are selected.The scattering test data points and two S-N curves for both R=0.02 and R=0.6 are exactly re-produced by application of the proposed model.It is demonstrated that the proposed model is able to reflect the multiscaling effect in a fatigue process.The result also shows that the microscopic effect has a pronounced influence on the fatigue life of specimens.

QCD factorization semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering diffractive deep inelastic scattering

The operator level proof of factorization theorem exhibited in [ar Xiv：hep-ph/1307.4194] is extended to the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering process（SIDIS）. Factorization theorem can be proved at operator level if there are not detected soft hadrons. The key point is that the initial one-nucleon state is the eigenstate of QCD.