A CMOS Low Power Fully Differential Sigma-Delta Frequency Synthesizer for 2Mb/s GMSK Modulation

A CMOS fully-differential 2.4GHz ∑-△ frequency synthesizer for Gaussian minimum shift keying （GMSK）modulation is presented. A pre-compensation fractional-N phase-locked loop（PLL）is adopted in the modulator.The transfer function of the type- Ⅱ third-order phase-locked loop is deduced,and the important parameters that affect the loop transfer function are pointed out. Methods to calibrate the important loop parameters arc introduced. A differential tuned LC-VCO and a fully-differential charge pump are adopted in the PLL design. The designed circuits are simulated in a 0.18gm 1P6M CMOS process. The power consumption of the PLL is only about llmW with the low power consideration in building blocks design, and the data rate of the modulator can reach 2Mb/s.

Some Unicity Results for Meromorphic Functions Whose n-th Derivatives Share the Same 1-Points

In this paper, we consider the problem of the uniqueness for meromorphic functions whose n-th derivatives share the same 1-points. The results in this paper are different from all of theorems given by H X Yi and C C Yang and other authors.

Iterative Solution for Groundstate of H_2^+ Ion

To solve the wave functions and energies of the groundstate of H＋2 ion an iteration procedure for N- dimensional potentials is applied. The iterative solutions are convergent nicely, which are comparable to earlier results based on variational methods.

Conversion of Australian Food Composition Data from AUSNUT1999 to 2007 in the Clinical Trial Context

An Australian food composition database, AUSNUT1999, does not include long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid （LC omega-3 PUFA） data. Measurement of the fatty acid content of diets initially analysed using AUSNUT1999 requires conversion to AUSNUT2007, an updated database inclusive of LC omega-3 PUFA. The aim of this study was to convert clinical trial dietary data from AUSNUT1999 to AUSNUT2007 and measure LC omega-3 PUFA intake. Clinical trial diet history （DH） data was converted from AUSNUTI999 to 2007 using a staged approach. Macronutrient intake from AUSNUTI999 and 2007 were calculated and compared via paired t-tests and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests. Mean dietary LC omega-3 PUFA intake and the percentage contribution of food groups to total LC omega-3 PUFA were then calculated. DHs were collected at baseline （n = 118）, three months （n = 86）, and 12 months （n = 64）. The accuracy of the conversion process improved with time, with no significant difference between most macronutrients at 12 months. Mean LC n-3 PUFA intake was 441.87 mg at baseline, 521.07 mg at 3 months, and 442.40 mg at 12 months, and was predominantly provided by fish and seafood, followed by meat products. This study allowed for the measurement of LC omega-3 intake, which was previously impossible using the AUSNUT 1999 database.

Some Theorems About Unitons of Harmonic Maps into U(N)

By using the simplified method of factorization given by Valli, and the correspondence between the harmonic map φ∶S 2→U(N) and U(N) uniton bundle ν(φ) with energy corresponding to the bundles’ second Chern class, which is established by Anand, the energy in a case φ∶S 2→U(N) is investigated in order to estimate the energy of a uniton using the uniton number. It is proved that Uhlenbeck’s factorization is energy decreasing. And a method of estimating the energy of a uniton by the uniton number is given.

High Pressure Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide+n-Hexane System

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data of supercritical carbon dioxide ＋ n-hexane system were measured at 31.3.15 K, 333.15 K, 353.15 K, and 373. 15 K and their molar volumes and densities were measured both in the subcrJtical and supercritical regions ranging from 2. 15 to 12.63 MPa using a variable-volume autoclave. The thermodynamic properties including mole fractions, densities, and molar volumes of the system were calculated with an equation of state by Heilig and Franck, in which a repulsion term and a square-well potential attraction term for intermolecular interaction was used. The pairwise combination rule was used to calculate the square-well molecular interaction potential and three adjustable parameters （ω, kω, kσ ） were obtained. The Heilig-Franck equation of state is found to have good correlation with binary vapor-liquid equilibrium data of the carbon dioxide ＋ n-hexane system.

Boundedness of Higher Order Commutators of Fractional Integral Operators on Homogeneous Morrey-Herz Spaces

Some boundedness results are established in the setting of homogeneous Morrey-Herz spaces for a class of higher order commutators T^mb,l and M^mb,l generated by fractional integral operators Tl and maximal fractional operators Ml with function b（x） in BMO（R^n）, respectively.

Orlicz-Hardy spaces and their duals

We establish the theory of Orlicz-Hardy spaces generated by a wide class of functions.The class will be wider than the class of all the N-functions.In particular,we consider the non-smooth atomic decomposition.The relation between Orlicz-Hardy spaces and their duals is also studied.As an application,duality of Hardy spaces with variable exponents is revisited.This work is different from earlier works about Orlicz-Hardy spaces H（Rn）in that the class of admissible functions is largely widened.We can deal with,for example,Ф（r）≡（rp1（log（e＋1/r））q1,0〈r≤1,r^p2 （log（e＋r））q2,r〉1,with p1,p2∈（0,∞）and q1,q2∈（.∞,∞）,where we shall establish the boundedness of the Riesz transforms on H（Rn）.In particular,is neither convex nor concave when 0〈p1〈1〈p2〈∞,0〈p21〈p1〈∞or p1=p2=1 and q1,q20.If（r）≡r（log（e＋r））q,then H（Rn）=H（logH）q（Rn）.We shall also establish the boundedness of the fractional integral operators I of order∈（0,∞）.For example,I is shown to be bounded from H（logH）1^1-α/n（Rn）to Ln/（n-α）（log L）（Rn）for 0〈α〈n.

Investigation of Conformable Fractional Schr¨odinger Equation in Presence of Killingbeck and Hyperbolic Potentials

In this article, conformable fractional form of Schrodinger equation has been presented. Then in this formalism two different and well-known potential have been come in. Wave function of these potential are obtained in terms of Heun function and energy eigen values of each case is determined as well.

Decay parameter and related properties of n-type branching processes

We consider decay properties including the decay parameter, invariant measures, invariant vectors, and quasistationary distributions for n-type Markov branching processes on the basis of the 1-type Markov branching processes and 2-type Markov branching processes. Investigating such behavior is crucial in realizing life period of branching models. In this paper, some important properties of the generating functions for n-type Markov branching q-matrix are firstly investigated in detail. The exact value of the decay parameter λC of such model is given for the communicating class C = Zn+ \ 0. It is shown that this λC can be directly obtained from the generating functions of the corresponding q-matrix. Moreover, the λC -invariant measures/vectors and quasi-distributions of such processes are deeply considered. λC -invariant measures and quasi-stationary distributions for the process on C are presented.

Experimental study of GaN based blue light emitting diodes with a thin AlInN layer in front of the electron blocking layer

The Ga N based blue light emitting diodes(LEDs) with a thin Al In N layer inserted in front of the electron blocking layer(EBL) are experimentally studied.It is found that inserting a thin EBL can improve the light output power and reduce the efficiency droop compared with the conventional Al Ga N counterparts.Based on numerical simulation and analysis,the improvement on the electrical and optical characteristics is mainly attributed to the reduction of the electron leakage current,which increases the concentration of carriers in the quantum well(QW) when the thin Al In N layer is used.