分析化学研讨课教学探析与实践

分析化学在医学院校中是一门重要的专业基础课程。在当今教学改革的总体趋势下,研讨课教学作为一种教学方式占有十分重要的地位。而分析化学研讨课对学科间相互交叉渗透、提高教学质量、推进教学改革等均具有积极意义。当前,各高校在分析化学课程教学方面也开展了各自不同形式的研讨课,但大多集中在教学方法上进行讨论,就具体实施细节等方面则阐述较少。基于此,该文根据该校分析化学研讨课的具体组织形式,不仅在教学方法进行了探讨,还就此对相应教学实践情况进行了详细的阐述。采用研讨课这种教学方式有利于调动学生的积极性和主动性,有益于培养学生的自学能力、综合能力和创新能力。

基于实验的《卫生理化检验》理论教学设计思考

卫生理化检验是卫生检验学的重要组成部分,是预防医学专业的重要基础课程。重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院开设预防医学本科专业的《卫生理化检验》课程,旨在培养学生的卫生检验基本理论知识和操作技能,提高学生预防医学理论和卫生检验实践的能力。该文根据现行的实验教学,从理论课程的时间安排、授课方式和测试标准3个方面入手,对如何更加合理有效地设计《卫生理化检验》的理论课程进行探讨。

Tornudd＇s and Siukonen＇s Methodical Starting Points of Music Pedagogy in the Field of Educational Trends

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of educational trends on A. T6rnudd＇s （1913） and V. Siukonen＇s （1929） methods of music education （teaching and singing） in Finland from 1863 to the late 1930s. In the examination of methods the analysis focuses on the time when T6rnudd and Siukonen were influential. A model of analysis was created in the study, with the help of which common and divergent elements in the educational trends and methods of music education were sought. According to the study, TOmudd＇s pattern singing method represented the Old School starting points, but he was a supporter of the work school, for instance. Siukonen＇s method was based on the New School principle in which the child-centered education philosophy and the developmental-psychological growth and development were taken into account in developing the method. Siukonen raised singing by ear as a central feature, from which children made observations. Methodical transition period took place at the turn of the 1920s and 1930s. However, in teaching singing, the effects of the new trends were seen as early as from the late 1910s onwards.

Research on the Development of Daur Ethnic Education under the Influence of Big Data

In this paper, we conduct research on the development of Daur ethnic education under the influence of big data. Life in the river valley of Daur ethnic which is a nationality has a long history, splendid culture and the national spirit of national self-confidence, the foundation of national culture has a strong self-confidence. Combining the concept of big data and data analysis technique to the Daur ethnic education will largely enhance the result of the current education pattern. The survey of the research indicated that we should pay attention to the precious data captured.

The Relationship Between Mathematics Excellency and Efficiency of Accounting Students

Many organizations, educational institutes, and universities wish to identify efficient and high caliber applicants who could excel over the accounting discipline, while scholarships and admissions are still not offered. However, it is believed that undergraduate accounting students with majors in mathematics from pre-university institutes perform much better than those with arts or social sciences backgrounds. Therefore, this paper~ takes the mathematics perception level as well as pre-university＇s cumulative grade point averages （CGPAs） as the main indicators of efficiency and better performance of undergraduate accounting students. In order to test the hypotheses, a multiple regression analysis has been used. By choosing all undergraduate accounting candidates, who had been admitted for academic calendars of 2009-2010 in four different universities （one public, two semi-publics, and one private university） and testing their mathematics excellency, as well as extracting their CGPAs, the authors find that students＇ mathematical talents are high, and to a lower extent, the CGPAs will positively influence the performance in accounting courses.

Analysis of the Efficiency of Teaching Chess in Schools

The Republic of Armenia, as a world superpower in chess, is engaged in continuous development and implementation of specific strategic programmes which are aimed not only at providing high achievements in chess, but also at： （1） modernizing the educational sphere in the Republic of Armenia; （2） increasing the quality indexes of chess education--as a basic resource in the context of global educational system; （3） considerably deepening education subjects＇ cognitive interests towards education through the possibilities provided by chess; （4） developing learners＇ educational-cognitive motivation; and （5） creating conditions for activating learners＇ mental potential and the abilities to expose them, as well as promoting the awareness of the social value of chess in interpersonal relations. The contextual factors of teaching and learning chess in primary schools of Republic of Armenia have been revealed and presented in this paper. A number of conclusions and recommendations for policy makers are considerably made based on analysis of big research data.

Evaluation of Self Management Behavior of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

CKD （chronic kidney disease） is a progressive disease. If it is left untreated, it can eventually result in end stage renal failure and necessitate dialysis or kidney transplantation. There is no cure for CKD; instead a great deal of self management over time is essential. The purpose is to evaluate self management behaviour of patients at different stages of CKD. A total of 300 CKD patients were recruited in this cross sectional study from March to July 2015 at nephrology clinic of a tertiary care setting using convenience sampling. Self management behaviour score was determined using in Partners in Health scale and was then compared at different stages of CKD. Demographic and clinical factors contributing to self management behaviour were determined. Results： There was a significant difference in age （p 〈 0.001）, gender （p 〈 0.001）, education level （p 〈 0.001）, marital status （p 〈 0.001）, duration of illness （p 〈 0.001） and number of co-morbidities （p 〈 0.001） among CKD stages. A significant difference in self management behaviour mean score was found among CKD stages （p 〈 0.001）. Post hoc analysis showed self management behaviour mean score for Stage Ⅰ （mean ± SD： 77.81 ± 9.41） was significantly higher than Stage Ⅳ （mean ± SD： 70.53 ± 13.91） and Stage Ⅴ （mean ± SD： 69.54 ± 12.31）. Self management behaviour mean score for Stage Ⅱ （mean ± SD： 78.46 ± 10.01） was significantly higher than Stage Ⅳ and Stage Ⅴ. Multiple linear regression revealed education level （p 〈 0.001） and number of co-morbidities （p = 0.01） as significant predictors of self management behaviour. It can be concluded that special attention should be focused on patients at late stage of CKD, especially those with diabetic nephropathy; low education level and multiple co-morbidities to improve self management behaviour.

Rankings of Universities and Power in the Digital Age

This paper will discuss one topic in the current debate on higher education： How power is exercised between universities？ How do colleges determine what the best college is？ What are the differences in the excersise of power in the digital age？ The authors analyze one of the mechanisms of relationship and contact between different universities： the rankings. They will discuss the practices that allow certain values and organizations they are becoming central nodes between universities and the influences of the information and communication technologies in the measurement mechanisms. The authors seek to show the rankings serve as mechanisms to exercise power among universities. These measurements become a tool and justification in competition between universities for resources such as funding, prestige, and student demand. The analysis is based on the University of Mexico, the authors use the ranking of the best universities in Latin America and the best universities in Mexico.

Awareness of Cornea Donation of Registered Tissue Donors in Nanjing

Objective To evaluate the current cornea donation awareness of tissue donors in the city of Nanjing, China Methods Altogether 2000 registered tissue donors in the Red Cross Eye Bank of Nanjing by the end of 2010 and 2000 control residents of Nanjing in February to June 2011 were randomly selected to par- ticipate in our field questionnaire survey. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding the understand- ing of cornea donation, the attitude toward cornea donation, and attitude toward legislation and free dona- tion. The awareness of cornea donation between the registered tissue donors and residents was compared. Related factors of the willingness to donate corneas and to become a tissue donor were evaluated with uni- variate and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 1867 （response rate： 93.4%） tissue donors and 1796 （response rate： 89.8%; ef- fective questionnaires： 1697） residents participated in this survey. For the questions about the knowledge of cornea donation, 90.3% tissue donors （residents： 78.9%） knew that donated corneas could be used for transplantations; 71.2% tissue donors （residents： 47.6%） knew that the appearance would not be destroyed after cornea donation; 70.7% tissue donors （residents： 20.0%） knew the formalities to become a cornea do- nor. For attitude toward cornea donation, 82.2% tissue donors （residents： 45.1%） were willing to donate corneas or eyeballs after death; 84.0% tissue donors （residents： 30.2%） had discussed with their families about donation; 85.1% tissue donors （residents： 24.8%） supported their families＇ or friends＇ cornea donation For attitude toward legislation and free donation, 88.3% tissue donors （residents： 61.3%） approved of legis- lation to regular cornea donation; 72.2% tissue donors （residents： 38.8%） thought that cornea or organ do- nation should be gratis. The difference between two groups was significant （P〈0.001）. However, some tissue donors did not know cornea donation well, some even opposed the legislation of cornea donation and free donation protocol. For the factors influencing the willingness to donate corneas, population was the mostrelevant factor （P〈0.O01）, since tissue donors were more willing to donate corneas than residents. Other significantly related factor were age, gender, occupation, and education level （P〈0.001 ）, while political status or religion were not significant. For the factors related to becoming a tissue donor, older age, male, white-collars （including white-collar, civil servant, teacher, soldier, lawyer, salesman, healthcare provider）, higher education level, party members （including the Chinese Communist Party members, democratic party members, and the CommunistYouth League members） （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The registered tissue donors have better understanding and more positive attitude to- wards cornea donation than control residents do. They approve of the legislation of cornea donation and free donation protocol. It may be more effective to target the population of over 58 years old, male, white-collars, well-educated people, and party members in the promotion of cornea donation.

Methological Approaches of Seminal Importance for Synergetic Education and Social and Solidarity Economy in Promoting Creativity and Innovation

This paper examines whether and in what ways the education system and the pedagogical culture particularly prevailing in Higher Education could be enriched with an alternative pedagogical model. A model that is differentiated from the prevalent pedagogical concepts is inspired by values and principles that form the core of a synergetic education and a social and solidarity economy. From an epistemological perspective, ＂ssociationnisme＂ that social and solidarity economy promotes is at stake and education must play an important role. The paper also examines the attitude of students towards such a perspective, mainly through exploring the current options as well as its potential expansion thereof in a way that promotes creativity and innovation. This study draws on previous research by P. Vathi （2014） on the topic of ＂A multidimensional-interdisciplinary approach and evaluation of University students＇ creativity, with emphasis on the utilization of statistical analyses＂ in order to assess the influence of education on students＇ creativity

Empirical Analysis of Evaluation of English Teachers＇ Educational Ability Under MOOC Environment

In order to improve the English teachers＇ education ability evaluation accuracy, promote the upgrading of the level of English teacher education, the evaluation model of English teacher education ability is proposed in MOOC environment. Data fusion model of English teacher education ability evaluation index is obtained based on big data analysis method, data clustering analysis of English teaching evaluation indicators is carried out, Characteristic data of English Teaching are extracted, and combining fuzzy C means algorithm to analyze the characteristics of English teachers＇ educational ability in MOOC environment, adaptive mining evaluation of English teachers＇ educational ability is realized. Then we develop and design the evaluation system of English teacher education ability under the MOOC environment. The empirical data analysis is taken, and results show that it has good accuracy by using this method for evaluation of English teacher＇s ability, it improves the comprehensive evaluation level of English teachers.

What Would Vitruvius Do？ Re-thinking Architecture Education for the 21st Century University

In the 1996 AIA （American Institute of Architecture） Convention in Minneapolis, the governing bodies in the education and professionalization of architects in the US （namely, the American Institute of Architecture, American Institute of Architecture Students, National Council of Architectural Registration Boards, National Architecture Accrediting Board and the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture） released the Boyer Report, subsequently published as Building Community： A New Future for Architecture Education and Practice. The report was named in honor of Ernest Boyer, an educational theorist who also participated in writing the text. Less comprehensive than the canonical texts by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio and his interlocutors, it is nonetheless a mirror of our current assumptions about the education of the architect. This paper looks at the epistemology inherited from Vitruvius as it shapes pedagogy up and through the Boyer Report and into the 21 st century. Using a method of comparative analysis applied to past and current architecture programs, our argument is that historical divisions between professional or applied knowledge and liberal or theoretical knowledge inherited from the past limit our capacity within architecture education to integrate new strategies for knowledge creation and dissemination. It is concluded that any serious revision of architecture education means a systematic reconsideration of the basis of architecture knowledge. What of the （persistent） Vitruvian model is relevant in our post-modern condition？ What do we learn from the image of our profession projected through the lens of the Boyer Report and it is like？ In other words, what would Vitruvius do？

A Model to Analyze Small and Medium Enterprises＇ Training Needs Related to the Internationalization

Formal training can play a particularly important role in supporting the internationalization of small and medium enterprises （SMEs）. However, the demand for education services by the latter still appears limited. This is due to known structural and cultural limits that are found widely in this type of business and to the fact that the provision of training---especially that which is funded^oes not seem to address adequately SMEs＇ needs; in many cases, such training is not stimulating, because it is perceived as too general. In fact, SMEs do not constitute a single homogeneous group and therefore assistance needs vary among the different types of firms. So, especially in relation to internationalization, it is clear that there are important differences to consider due to the variety of approaches and ways of developing this process. In order to optimize the resources to invest in the promotion of training, there is a need to find a proper balance between providing ＂viable solutions for all businesses＂ and offering ＂targeted responses and tailored services＂. In such a context, the main objective of this paper is to identify and systematize the variables that most influence the SMEs＇ training needs related to internationalization by taking into account the differences among them. To this end, an empirical analysis was developed involving a significant number of Italian SMEs by using a combination of qualitative research methods. The results show the critical issues faced by the investigated firms during their internationalization process and highlight some important variables that affect their training needs： export involvement, characteristics of the product/market, characteristics of the company, exporting strategy, and human resources. Based on these variables, the writers identified clusters of firms characterized by similar needs and problems to be faced.

Participation of Women in the Economic Activity in Cameroon

The aim of this paper is to put forward the explanatory factors of the participation of women in the economic activity in the Cameroonian context characterized by an important and persistent gender gap in terms of participation in the economic activity （more men than women）. The authors carried out, on the basis of data resulting from the DHS-MICS 2011, an analysis using the binomial logistic model. It comes out from this analysis that the significant explanatory variables are the age （which plays at the same time the role of variable of control）, the religion, the ethnic group, the size of the household, the relationship with the head of household, the educational level （of the woman and the husband/partner）, the occupational status of the husband/partner, the household＇s standard of living, and the marital status. According to the results obtained, it would be important to set up policies intended to reinforce the professionalization of the young woman and to fight against the sexist sociocultural norms and practices advocating the ＂sexual division＂ of labor.

European Explorers＇ Engagements with Sexuality in Indigenous Cultures： The Forsters＇ Interpretations of Tahitian Sexual Practices

While current analyses of European interpretations of non-western cultures are guided by a modern concept of sexuality, this article argues for a more encompassing, historical awareness by drawing historical constructs of sexuality into the analysis. To illustrate the point, it will analyze the accounts of indigenous sexual practices written by the botanist Johann Reinhold Forster and his son Georg, in the wake of Cook＇s voyages. These accounts differ starkly, even though the authors participated in the same expedition. As the post-structural textual analysis of the text makes apparent, each author has a specific concept of sexuality in mind. These perceptions affirm the change taking place in 18th-century European culture, as analyzed by Foucault. Moreover, the textual analysis strongly suggests that their respective views of sexuality impact upon their interpretations of Tahitian culture at large. As a consequence, the article furthers insight into ＂Western＂ ways of interpreting ＂non-western＂ cultures.

The Participatory, Payable, Profitable, and Potent （4p＇s） Insured Education System Model （IESM）＂ Analyses of Frequency and Variance by Categories （One-Way ANOVA）

The biggest problem in the world as well as in Turkey is to increase efficiency of human capital, which can only be achieved by educating all people in accordance with their capacities and demands. And, the biggest problem in education is finance. In order for everybody to have education, there is a need to develop a finance system which will help overcome the financial problems faced by households or individuals. For this purpose, the participatory, payable, profitable, and potent （4p＇s） insured education system model （IESM） is developed. This paper focuses on principles of the IESM and the analyses of frequency and variance by categories （one-way ANOVA）.

Manipulative skill competency and health-related physical fitnes in elementary school students

Background：Improving motor skill competency and enhancing health-related physical fitnes are desired learning outcomes for school-aged children.Achieving motor skill competency and a healthy level of physical fitnes lay a foundation for being a physically active person across a lifetime.The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between levels of manipulative skill competency and physical fitnes for elementary school boys and girls.Methods：In this study,565 fourth-grade students and their 9 physical education teachers were voluntary participants.The students were assessed in 4 basic specialized manipulative skills and 4 fitnes components during regular physical education lessons.Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics,univariate analyses,and multiple R2 liner regression methods.Results：Boys were more proficien at the manipulative skills than girls,while girls had significan higher percentages for meeting the healthy fitnes zone for the fitnes tests than boys.Four manipulative skills significant y predicted progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run（PACER）,push-up,and trunk lifts tests at p〈0.05 level,but not curl-up test for both boys and girls.Boys and girls in the skill-competent group significant y outperformed their counterparts in the skill-incompetent group on PACER,push-up,and trunk lifts tests at p〈0.05 level,with an exception of curl-up test.Conclusion：The more competent in manipulative skills,the higher healthy level in cardiovascular endurance,upper-body muscular strength and endurance,and fl xibility the students demonstrated.Demonstrating manipulative skill competence and maintaining a healthy level of physical fitnes are 2 major desired learning outcomes for elementary school students to be able to achieve.

Literature and the Teaching of Stylistics： An Investigation Into the Pragmatics of Community Formation in the Educational Context of Namibia

The author＇s paper is an attempt to investigate the success of the pedagogy of stylistics and pedagogical stylistics in the Namibian context. As an applied linguistics course, stylistics is eminently suitable for study and analysis of literature, because it clearly explicates literary effects through linguistic analysis. Many scholars have illustrated the use of stylistics analysis for the purposes of studying literature and teaching it, which is, pedagogical stylistics. However, this paper combines both the study of Stylistics as a discipline, which is the pedagogy of Stylistics, and the use of stylistics for teaching literature in general and poetry in particular. Namibia adopted English as its official language 22 years ago. Since then, both teachers and students have been struggling with the analysis of poetry. This study is an empirical one using qualitative methods in the author＇s research to determine the impact of the study of Stylistics on the understanding and teaching of literature in Namibia. The author uses traditional British poetry from the 16th century up to the 20th century alongside postcolonial poetry to assess the importance of culture in understanding poetry and examine the advantage of using stylistics to teach the poems that the author selects.

Introducing CFD and Wind Tunnel Testing in an Undergraduate Fluid Mechanics Course

CFD （computational fluid dynamics） is following the trend of CAD and FEA （finite element analysis） to undergraduate education especially with recent advances in commercial codes. It will soon take its place as an expected skill for new engineering graduates. CFD was added as a component to an experiment in a junior level fluid mechanics course. The objectives were to introduce CFD, as an analysis tool, to the students and to support the theoretical concepts of the course. The students were asked to complete an experimental two-dimensional study for a wing in a wind tunnel, to use CFD to simulate the flow, and to predict the aerodynamic lift using CFD as well as the experimentally obtained pressure distribution. In addition, they had to compare their results to published data for the studied wing. Details of the course, the wind tunnel test and the CFD simulations are presented. Samples from the students＇ work are used in the discussion. The lab activities were successfully completed by the students and the learning objectives were well addressed. One of the valuable outcomes from this lab was the opportunity for the students to integrate multiple fluid mechanics analysis tools and learn about the limits for each tool. CFD also enhanced the learning in the lab activities and increased students＇ interest in the subject.

The characteristic and revelation of Digital media art education in French considering international education

The essay analyzes the characteristics of Digital media art education in French from Philosophy of Education and teaching model, teaching method, Teaching environment, etc. Based on the conditions of these characteristics, this essay proposed several basic key points of Digital media art education development in china according to the education system at the present stage.