流通式-时间分辨分析技术在地质领域的应用进展

流通式-时间分辨分析系统(简称FT-TRA)是二十一世纪初新发展起来的一种快速反应(溶解)-在线分析系统,由淋洗液混合单元、反应单元与分析单元组成,核心功能是通过特定流动相淋洗样品池中的微量样品,分离或去除样品中的特定组分,并监测样品不同元素和矿物组分的出溶特征,实现高分辨的在线过程分析。本文综述了FT-TRA系统的技术原理与软硬件组成、实验方法与操作要点及地质应用发展过程,重点对该系统在地质应用过程中出现的争议点进行阐释与分析,并基于其发展现状展望其未来发展方向与潜力。FT-TRA系统目前主要的地质应用包括古海洋学与古环境学研究代用指标的验证(如有孔虫、介形虫淋洗)、矿物溶解过程与反应动力学研究、环境样品的元素相态分析等。FT-TRA系统以溶解并提取有孔虫/介形虫壳体的元素组成信号作为还原古海洋指标的重要手段,与传统批处理法相比,该方法被认为具有实时监测清洁程度、降低损失率并实现差异溶解的优势,能够获取更精细的壳体化学组成信息;测试矿物溶解态与溶解参数也是FT-TRA系统的重要功能之一,该系统的实验室模拟能够与模型结合探究不同类型矿物在稳态下的溶解动力学,为研究矿物在自然状态下的溶解过程提供启示;近些年来该系统还逐渐被用于矿物反应性测试,其中将气相CO_(2)作为淋滤液与矿物反应的研究可能在全球变暖及CO_(2)的人工捕捉课题上具有潜在应用价值。FT-TRA系统运行中涉及的不同组分的溶解机制是其应用过程中亟待解决的重要问题,进一步完善其溶解动力学原理必然将为该系统的未来发展提供更多如多类型地质样品溶解、矿物的模拟合成等新思路。

贴式可穿戴动态心电记录分析系统对心律失常检测的有效性和安全性研究

目的评估贴式可穿戴动态心电记录分析系统检测心律失常的有效性和安全性。方法研究纳入2018年10月至2019年12月于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院、北京天坛医院、北京同仁医院就诊的可疑心律失常患者115例。使用传统的24 h动态心电记录分析仪(对照组)和贴式可穿戴动态心电记录分析系统(试验组)同时记录动态心电图。主要终点是在监测期间内检测到的心律失常,定义为室上性心动过速(连续≥3跳)、室性心动过速(连续≥4跳)、心房颤动/心房扑动(持续≥1 min)、心脏停搏(≥3 s)、室上性早搏(累计≥10000跳)、室性早搏(累计≥10000跳)。以对照组检测结果为金标准,计算试验组的敏感性作为主要有效性评价指标。安全性评价指标为试验期间发生的不良事件。结果试验组检测心律失常的敏感性在全分析集为99.09%(95%CI:95.03%~99.84%),在符合方案集为99.07%(95%CI:94.94%~99.84%),95%CI下限均高于标准值85%。试验组患者的佩戴舒适度及应用偏好均优于对照组(P<0.0001),两组记录心电图波形一致率为92.7%。在试验期间,两组均未出现不良事件。结论贴式可穿戴动态心电记录分析系统可以安全有效地检测心律失常,可作为传统动态心电记录分析仪的替代方案。

外寄生式X线头影测量分析系统的开发和研制

为开发和研制基于Windows操作系统 ,面向最终用户的图形界面操作系统 ,在窗口环境下使用高级可视化编程语言VB建立头影测量的参数化建模系统 ,对正畸信息进行集成 .构造头影测量信息 ,输入数据库 ,并对患者进行辅助诊断及预测 .结果实现了一整套用户界面 ,包括图形显示、治疗前后图形重叠比较、数据的测量分析、数据存储及输出等操作 .本研究结果具有操作简单方便 ,易于掌握 ;功能强大 ,易于升级换代等优点 。

嵌入式主从并行处理系统命令分析器的设计与实现

论文分析了嵌入式主从并行处理系统应用软件特点,引入了完备自动机定义命令分析器的抽象数学模型,用该模型给出了命令分析器的形式化描述并编程实现,结果证明该方法是行之有效的。

基于扩展SysML活动图的嵌入式系统设计安全性验证方法研究

能源、交通等领域中复杂嵌入式系统设计的安全性分析与验证工作已经成为当前的重要研究热点之一;本文提出一种结合MARTE语义信息的扩展Sys ML活动图模型,用于描述安全关键应用中的嵌入式系统动态行为的设计,并对此扩展模型展开基于模型转换的系统设计安全性特征的形式化分析与验证方法的研究;包括:构建了Sys ML活动图与MARTE中非功能性质建模语义相结合的元模型,以及验证工具UPPAAL的时间自动机元模型,并且给出了二者之间的语义映射规则;建立了从时间自动机模型描述到UPPAAL工具输入格式之间的语法转换方法;设计了一个基于AMMA平台的面向扩展Sys ML活动图的模型转换与验证框架;最后,给出了一个高铁控制系统设计模型的安全性验证的实例分析.

基于PDA的沉降监测数据采集与分析系统

沉降监测是工程变形监测的重要项目之一。应用精密工程测量与计算机技术开发的嵌入式沉降监测数据采集与分析系统可提供监测点高程测量计算、变形分析预报与数据远程传输等功能。本文在详细阐述系统设计的基础上,对系统实现涉及的关键技术进行了探讨,并通过实践工程验证了系统的便捷性与可行性。

Use Case在嵌入式系统故障问题中的应用

本文主要介绍以UseCase为基础的故障模式分析方法。在系统分析阶段,把系统在结构上分解成若干小的解决方案,再推导出一个全面的故障模式分析结果。在每一步里,将关注每个UseCase里比较重要的子系统。作为中间结果,每个系统模块包含众多与UseCase相关的故障分析。通过关注UseCase将减少故障系统分析的复杂度,因为分析者不必过目全部的系统。这样就对故障分析模式的过程中不会产生错误起到决定性的作用。

如何削弱产品来源国效应——产品信息呈现方式的影响研究

以元认知和双系统模式的心理学理论为背景,研究了分析式系统对来源国效应的削弱,检验了产品信息呈现方式对来源国效应的调节作用。三个研究说明,分析式系统的启动可以有效削弱来源国效应;特定的产品信息呈现方式所引起的消费者信息处理不流畅性感知会激发消费者的元认知困难,从而使他们在产品评价过程中主要依赖分析式系统,达到削弱来源国效应的目的;并不是所有能引起信息处理不流畅性的产品信息呈现方式都能削弱来源国效应,过于复杂的呈现方式由于给消费者带来过多认知负荷,反而不能成功启动分析系统,从而无法削弱产品来源国形象对消费者产品评价的影响。

基于模型转换的IMA系统可调度性验证方法

综合模块化航空电子系统(Integrated modular avionics,IMA)中分区运行时间特征满足需求是IMA系统安全可靠性运行的一个重要问题。本文针对满足ARINC653规范的IMA系统的层级调度特性,结合IMA系统调度配置信息,提出了一种在模型驱动工程(Model driven engineering,MDE)框架下,基于实时嵌入式系统建模与分析(Modeling and analysis of real-time and embedded system,MARTE)模型的ARINC653分区调度系统建模转换与可调度性验证的方法。借助MAST工具及其自定义调度策略功能,分析分区系统调度特性并利用MARTE对其进行建模,并利用该工具对MARTE模型进行仿真以验证其可调度性,最后给出了一个实例分析。

选项框架和认知负载对风险决策的影响

本研究采用实验法探讨了选项框架和认知负载对风险决策的影响。结果发现:(1)不同的认知负载条件下,被试在正向框架下表现出风险回避,负向框架下表现出风险寻求,出现了框架效应现象;(2)相对于认知负载条件下,被试在无认知负载的负向框架下更偏好于风险选项,而正向框架下的风险偏好没有显著变化,即无认知负载条件下框架效应较强。这表明,框架效应不仅仅是启发式系统作用的结果,分析式系统也在其中发挥着重要的作用。

Form Invariance of Lagrange System

To study a form invariance of Lagrange system, the form invariance of Lagrange equations under the infinitesimal transformations was used. The definition and criterion for the form invariance are given. The relation between the form invariance and the Noether symmetry was established.

Study on the Comprehensive Tourism Development Pattern in Periphery Minority Area:A Case Study of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province, China

The paper took the human-land relations as a basic point, and the theories of tourism industry system and sustainable development as the guidance, with Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture （Gannan） as the case study area. From microcosmic and macroscopic viewpoints, the author carded out function orientation and evaluation to the tourism industry development, and research on the comprehensive tourism industry development pattern of Gannan. Results show that the fragile ecological environment and the traditional economic growth pattern have restricted regional sustainable development, and made Gannan to become a representative of the periphery minority areas in Northwest China. Tourism development of Gannan is at the primary phase, with the characteristics of short industry chain and low economic efficiency. It is an inevitable choice to transform the way of regional economic growth and the development pattern of tourism industry from the traditional pattern to the pattern of sustainable development. Simultaneously, Gannan＇s natural, national and religious culture makes Gannan a broad prospect on the comprehensive tourism development. Gannan should choose the comprehensive tourism industry as its scientific pattern to realize sustainable development, promote harmonious social, economic and ecological development, alleviate the human-land contradictory, and realize dual goals in terms of ecology construction and economical development. For Gannan and the similar areas in China, studies on the sustainable development pattern of tourism have extremely important strategic sense with respect to tourism development and the sustainable development of regional economy.

Multi-objective Fuzzy Optimization Algorithm for Separation-Recycle System

Separation-recycle system is an important part in chemical process, and its optimization is a multiobjective problem. In this paper the process optimization procedure is proposed. The fuzzy optimization algorithm with the concept of relative importance degree (RID) is utilized to transfer multi-objective optimization (MO-O) model into a single-objective optimization (SO-O) framework. The treatment of process condensate in synthesisa mmonia plant is taken as example to illustrate the optimization procedure, and the satisfactory result demonstrates feasibility and effectiveness of the suggested method.

Strategy for Synthesis of Flexible Heat Exchanger Networks Embedded with System Reliability Analysis

System reliability can produce a strong influence on the performance of the heat exchanger network(HEN).In this paper,an optimization method with system reliability analysis for flexible HEN by genetic/simulated annealing algorithms(GA/SA) is presented.Initial flexible arrangements of HEN is received by pseudo-temperature enthalpy diagram.For determining system reliability of HEN,the connections of heat exchangers(HEXs) and independent subsystems in the HEN are analyzed by the connection sequence matrix(CSM),and the system reliability is measured by the independent subsystem including maximum number of HEXs in the HEN.As for the HEN that did not meet system reliability,HEN decoupling is applied and the independent subsystems in the HEN are changed by removing decoupling HEX,and thus the system reliability is elevated.After that,heat duty redistribution based on the relevant elements of the heat load loops and HEX areas are optimized in GA/SA.Then,the favorable network configuration,which matches both the most economical cost and system reliability criterion,is located.Moreover,particular features belonging to suitable decoupling HEX are extracted from calculations.Corresponding numerical example is presented to verify that the proposed strategy is effective to formulate optimal flexible HEN with system reliability measurement.

Dynamic simulation and efficiency analysis of beam pumping system

An improved whole model of beam pumping system was built. In the detail, for surface transmission system(STS), a new mathematical model was established considering the influence of some factors on the STS's torsional vibration, such as the time variation characteristic of equivalent stiffness of belt and equivalent rotational inertia of crank. For the sucker rod string(SRS), an improved mathematical model was built considering the influence of some parameters on the SRS's longitudinal vibration, such as the nonlinear friction of plunger, hydraulic loss of pump and clearance leakage. The dynamic response and system efficiency of whole system were analyzed. The results show that there is a jumping phenomenon in the amplitude frequency curve, and the system efficiency is sensitive to motor power, pump diameter, stroke number, ratio of gas and oil, and submergence depth. The simulation results have important significance for improving the efficiency of beam pumping system.

Error code analysis and selection principle of M-ary modulation in network-based control systems

Error codes induced by M-ary modulation and modulation selection in network-based control systems are studied.It is the first time the issue of error codes induced by M-ary modulation is addressed in control field.In network-based control systems,error codes induced by noisy channel can significantly decrease the quality of control.To solve this problem,the network-based control system with delay and noisy channel is firstly modeled as an asynchronous dynamic system(ADS).Secondly,conditions of packet with error codes(PEC)loss rate by using M-ary modulation are obtained based on dynamic output feedback scheme.Thirdly,more importantly,the selection principle of M-ary modulation is proposed according to the measured signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and conditions of PEC loss rate.Finally,system stability is analyzed and controller is designed through Lyapunov function and linear matrix inequality(LMI)scheme,and numerical simulations are made to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

A Participatory GIS Approach to Identify Critical Land Degradation Areas and Prioritize Soil Conservation for Mountainous Olive Groves(Case Study)

Climate change scenarios predict an increase in the frequency of heavy rainfall events in some areas. This will increase runoff and soil erosion, and reduce agricultural productivity, particularly on vulnerable mountainous agricultural lands that is already exhibiting high rates of soil erosion. Haphazard implementation of soil and water conservation （SWC） interventions on scattered fields is inefficient in reducing soil erosion. The objective of this study was to identify areas at high risk of erosion to aid the design and implementation of sustainable SWC using GIS analysis and farmers＇ participation approach. A 25 m digital elevation model （DEM） was used to derive layers of flow accumulation, slope steepness and land curvature, which were used to derive an erosion-risk （priority） map for the whole watershed. Boundaries of farmers＇ fields were mapped and verified by the community and each field was classified into high, moderate or low erosion risk. Fields with low flow accumulation （top of hill） and/or steep slope and/or convex slope were assigned high erosion risk and therefore high implementation priority. The study showed that more than 54% of the fields were classified into high erosion risk areas. Accordingly, a community-watershed plan was established, revised and approved by the community.Incentive loans to implement SWC measures were distributed to 100 farmers based on the priorities of their fields. Judged by local farmers and using 16 randomly selected fields, 90% of the targeted areas were correctly identified using the erosion risk map. After two years, the conservation measures had led to marked improvement of soil conservation. The approach is simple and easy to comprehend by the community and provides scientific basis to prioritize the implementation of SWC and to target the most degraded areas, which amplify the impact of these in reducing the vulnerability to land degradation.

Effect of Market Power in Electricity Markets

The main objective of this paper is to show an overview analysis of market power issues.Market power reflects the scarcity of power supply.It is the ability of a particular seller or group of sellers to maintain prices profitably above competitive levels for a significant period of time.Because the electric power system has its own characteristics that are different to other economic systems,both physical factors and economic factors of power system are key elements on this definition.We study some cases here,including different line limit levels,load levels and bid strategy through a market model based on OPF (optimal power flow) with a decommitment algorithm.

Dynamic Response Analysis of a Floating Mooring System

An innovative floating mooring system with two or more independent floating mooring platforms in the middle and one rigid platform on each side is proposed for improving efficiency and safety in shallow water. For this new system, most of collision energy is absorbed through the displacement of floating platforms. In order to illustrate the validity of the system, a series of model tests were conducted at a scale of 1:40. The coupled motion characteristics of the floating mooring platforms were discussed under regular and irregular waves, and the influences of wave direction and other characteristics on dynamic response of the system were analyzed. The results show that the mooring system is safest at 0° of wave incident angle, whereas the most dangerous mooring state occurs at 90° of wave incident angle. Motion responses increase with the increase of wave height, but are not linearly related to changes in wave height.