1547例门诊患者阴道分泌物检测分析

【目的】分析1547例阴道炎患者阴道分泌物的镜检结果，探讨不同年龄阶段阴道炎患者的病原特征。【方法】白带革兰染色标本在10×100显微镜下直接涂片镜检查白色念珠菌、滴虫、线索细胞、淋病萘瑟菌。【结果】细菌性阴道炎患者523例（33．8％），霉菌性阴道炎356例（23％），滴虫性阴道炎92例（5．9％），淋菌性阴道炎64例（4．1％），表明细菌性阴道炎发病率比念珠菌性、滴虫性要高，而且不同年龄段有差异。【结论】细菌性阴道炎是阴道常见病，其发病率比念珠菌性、滴虫性要高，而且不同年龄段有差异，25～35岁年龄组发病率最高。

清热利湿祛瘀中药经直肠给药对慢性前列腺炎患者局部免疫功能的影响

【目的】观察中药制剂前列安栓(Prostant)经直肠给药对慢性前列腺炎(chronic prostatitis,CP)患者前列腺液分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)的影响,从免疫调节的角度探讨清热利湿祛瘀中药治疗CP的机理。【方法】采取前瞻性随机双盲对照(RCT)的方法,将符合观察条件的40例CP患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各20例,分别用前列安栓和安慰剂治疗,测定两组在治疗前后的前列腺症状评分、前列腺液白细胞数及SIgA的含量变化。【结果】(1)治疗组治疗后的症状尺度评分及总症状评分均较治疗前有显著改善(P<0.05),而对照组治疗后的症状尺度评分及总症状评分改善不明显(与治疗前比较,P>0.05);两组治疗后比较,治疗组的症状尺度评分及总症状评分的改善均优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)治疗组治疗后患者的前列腺液白细胞数较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),而对照组的白细胞数降低不明显(与治疗前比较,P>0.05);两组治疗后比较,治疗组患者的前列腺液白细胞数降低较对照组明显(P<0.05)。(3)治疗组和对照组治疗前前列腺液SIgA值较低值(A组)在治疗后明显升高,而治疗前SIgA值较高值(B组)在治疗后明显降低(与治疗前比较,P<0.05);两组治疗后比较,治疗组中A组的升高作用和B组的降低作用均优于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】前列安栓经直肠给药对CP患者的前列腺液SIgA可能有双向调节作用,表明清热利湿祛瘀中药可能对前列腺局部的免疫功能具有调节作用。

Analysis of the major components of root exudates released from several economic forest tree using GC-MS

In 2000 and 2001, 1-year-old seedlings of 7 economic tree species including chestnut, apricot, persimmon, peach, walnut, pear and apple were cultured in garden pots that had a diameter of 40 cm and were filled with clean sand. The major components of exudates released from their roots were isolated and analysed by GC-MS. Totally 200 kinds of organic chemicals were isolated, of which 3 kinds i.e. naphthalene, dimethylbenzene and dibutyl phthalate were principally controlled pollutants according to 'Blacklist of Principal Environment Pollutants in China' and the standard of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The research result provided theoretical evidence for selecting low-pollution economic forest crops in the water source protection area in Miyun Reservoir.

Immunohistochemical Location of Six Kinds of Endocrine Cell from Digestive Tract of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

[Objective] The study was to immunohistochemical localize the endocrine cells from digestive tract of Misgurnus [ Method ] Using six gastrointestinal hormone antisera, the endocrine cells from digestive tract of M. anguillicaudatus was localized. [ Result ]The 5-hydroxytryptamine immunoreactive（5-HT-IR） cells distribute in oesophagus, foregut and midgut; the distribution density was determined to be forepart of foregut 〉 oesophagus and hindpart of foregut 〉 gut, and the differences in the three density gradients reached significant level. Like PP-IR, SS-IR cells were observed mostly in oesophagus, followed by hindpart of foregut, least in forepart of foregut, but never found in gut and hindgut. The three kinds of immunocompetent cells Gas-IR, Glu-IR and SP-IR were not detected in each part of digestive tract. [ Conctusion] This study may provide basic data for studying the nutritional and digestive physiology, as well as the preparation of meridic diets for M. anguillicaudatus.

Clinico-pathologic significance of neuroendocrine cells in gastric carcer tissue

AIMS To elucidate the biological and clinicopathological signifi- cance of neuroendocrine(NE)cells in gastric carcinoma(GC). METHODS One hundred and eighty-nine cases of various histo- logical types of GC were observed using light microscopy, histochemistry,immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Of them 127 patients were followed up. RESULTS Chromogranin A(CgA)positive GC was demonstrat- ed in 85 cases(45.0%).The typos of NE cells in GC were probed using 9 kinds of hormone antibodies 49 cases(67.2%) contained more than one hormone.NE cells were found more often in poorly differentiated GC than in well differentiated ones(P<0. 01).Expression of some kinds of hormone Was relative to the dif- ferentiation and histological types of GC.BOM,CT(P<0.01) GAST and 5-HT(P<0.05)were more expressed in poorly differ- entiated cases than in well defferentiated ones.Nineteen cases of the matastatic foci in regional lymph nodes were found to have CgA positive cancer cells.The presence of HCG in matastatic lymph nodes was more often observed than that of other hormone (P<0.01).The survival rate of patients with NE positive GC was 38.9% and negative GC 52.7%.Five of 7 patients(71. 4%)with somatostatin positive GC still survived at follow up of 33-66 months,but 4 patients with HCG positive GC died in 12-29 months. CONCLUSIONS The NE cells occur more frequently in poorly differentiated GC.Certain hormones appear to be related to the metastasis and prognosis.

THE SECRETORY STIGMAS IN POPULUS: DEVELOPMENT, CYTOCHEMISTRY, ULTRASTRUCTURE AND THEIR RELATION TO INTERSECTIONAL INCOMPATIBILITY *

The stigmas of five species, Populus euphratica Oliv., P. alba L., P. simonii Carr., P. lasiocarpa Oliv. and P. nigra L. have been studied. Scanning electron microscopy re veals that exudates are present in the intercellular spaces, in the clefts between the multicel lular papillae and on the receptive surface. Release and movement of exudates can be visual ized when the fresh stigmas are stained with sudan Ⅲ and auramine O. Paraffin and semi thin resin sections of stigmas after glutaraldehyde osmium fixation evidence the lipidic nature of the exudates. Transmission electron microscopy reveals the glandular features of the stigmatic papillae cells, such as abundance of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, polyribosomes, and well developed dictyosomes with secretory vesicles. Pellicle and epicuticular lamellate layers which have been considered as typical features of the dry type stigmas are also present in the species where stigmas appear extremely wet. It is concluded that stigmas in all of the five species are secretory at the receptive stage. Well developed generative and sperm cells were observed in the pollen tubes penetrating through the deep layers of the stigmatic tissue in the reciprocal crosses between P. euphratica and P. simonii, which indicated that there is no significant barrier in the stigma.

Immunohistochemical study on distribution of endocrine cells in gastrointestinal tract of flower fish (Pseudophoxinus antalyae)

AIM： To detect distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells in gastrointestinal tract of flower fish （Pseudophoxinus antalyae）. METHODS： The intestinal tract of flower fish was divided into four portions from proximal to distal; the enlarged area after oesophagus and anterior, middle and posterior intestine. Immunohistochemical method using the peroxidase anti-peroxidase complex was employed. All antisera between four portions of flower fish were compared using ANOVA. RESULTS： Eleven types of gut endocrine cells were determined; they were immunoreactive for calcitonin gene related peptide, substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, bombesin, somatostatin-14, secretin, TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, neurotensin, neuropeptide Y, which were found in almost all portions of the gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSION： The regional frequency of immunoreactive distribution and relative cells in the flower fish, Pseudophoxinus antalyae, are essentially similar to those of other fish.

Effects of Exposure to Four Endocrine Disrupting-Chemicals on Fertilization and Embryonic Development of Barbel Chub (Squaliobarbus curriculus)

The toxicities of 4 common endocrine-disrupting chemicals （EDCs）, 17β-estradiol （E2）, p,p＇-dichlorodiphenyldi- chloro-ethylene （DDE）, 4-nonylphenol （NP） and tributyltin （TBT）, to sperm motility, fertilization rate, hatching rate and embryonic development of Barbel chub （Squaliobarbus curriculus） were investigated in this study. The duration of sperm motility was signifi- cantly shortened by exposure to the EDCs at the threshold concentrations of 10ngL-1 for E2 and TBT, 1 μgL l for NP and 100 μgL-1 for DDE, respectively. The fertilization rate was substantially reduced by the EDCs at the lowest observable effect concentrations （LOECs） of 10 ngL-1 for E2 and TBT and 10μgL-1 for DDE and NP, respectively. Of the tested properties of S. curriculus, larval deformity rate was most sensitive to EDC exposure and was significantly increased by DDE at the lowest experimental level of 0.1 μgL-1. Other EDCs increased the larval deformity rate at the LOECs of 1 ngL-1 for E2, 10ngL-1 for TBT and 1μgL-1 for NP, re- spectively. Despite their decreases with the increasing EDC concentrations, the hatching rate and larval survival rate of S. curriculus were not significantly affected by the exposure to EDCs. The results indicated that all the 4 EDCs affected significantly and nega- tively the early life stages of the freshwater fish S. curriculus. Overall, E2 and TBT were more toxic than NP and DDE, while DDE might be more toxic to larval deformity rate than to other measured parameters. Thus, the 4 EDCs showed potential negative influ- ences on natural population dynamics of S. curriculus. Our findings provided valuable basic data for the ecological risk assessment of E2, DDE, NP and TBT.

Angiogenic markers endoglin and vascular endothelial growth factor in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

AIM:To investigate the expression and potential prognostic role of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and endoglin in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(GEP-NETs) . METHODS:Microvessel density(MVD) in GEP-NETs was evaluated using endoglin and CD31 immunohistochemistry.In addition,tissue levels of endoglin and VEGF were determined in homogenates by ELISA. RESULTS:Endoglin was highly expressed on tumor endothelial cells.CD31 MVD in GEP-NETs was significantly higher compared to endoglin MVD(P<0.01) .Two-tofour-fold higher tissue levels of endoglin and VEGF were seen in tumors compared to associated normal tissue. This increased endoglin tissue expression in tumors was significantly related to tumor size(P<0.01) ,presence of metastases(P=0.04) ,and a more advanced tumor stage(P=0.02) ,whereas expression of VEGF was not. CONCLUSION:We suggest that endoglin is a potential marker to indicate and predict metastases,which might be useful in the post-resection therapeutic approach of patients with GEP-NETs.