An exogenous avian leukosis virus (ALV) strain SDAU09C1 was isolated in DF-1 cells from one of 240 imported 1-day-old white meat-type grand parent breeder chicks. Inoculation of SDAU09C1 in ALV-free chickens induced a...An exogenous avian leukosis virus (ALV) strain SDAU09C1 was isolated in DF-1 cells from one of 240 imported 1-day-old white meat-type grand parent breeder chicks. Inoculation of SDAU09C1 in ALV-free chickens induced antibody reactions specific to subgroup A or B. But gp85 amino acid sequence comparisons indicated that SDAU09C1 fell into subgroup A; it had homology of 88.8%-90.3% to 6 reference strains of subgroup A, much higher compared to other subgroups including subgroup B. This is the first report for ALV of subgroup A isolated from imported breeders.展开更多
In a recent paper [Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 49 (2008) 268], Huang et al. gave a general variable separation solution to the (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation via a special Biicldund trans...In a recent paper [Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 49 (2008) 268], Huang et al. gave a general variable separation solution to the (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation via a special Biicldund transformation and the variable separation approach. In terms of the derived variable separation solution and by introducing Jacobi elliptic functions, they claimed that nonelastic types of interaction between Jacobi elliptic function waves are investigated both analytically and graphically. We show that some inappropriateness or errors exist in their paper, and say nothing of the conclusion that some nonelastic types of interaction between Jacobi elliptic function waves in the (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation have been found.展开更多
Reactions 13 wheat cultivars to 18 Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates, collected from three distinct localities, were in average different but differences among individual cultivars were small. All cultivars were sus...Reactions 13 wheat cultivars to 18 Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates, collected from three distinct localities, were in average different but differences among individual cultivars were small. All cultivars were susceptible to septoria tritici blotch. Reactions of wheat cultivars to M. graminicola isolates varied from 31% to 41%. Some cultivars had low differences but the other high in reactions to used isolates in average. Variance of individual cultivars to all isolates in reactions of maximal and minimal values fluctuated between 44-80%. More differences were in reactions between individual isolates to single cultivars. Aggressiveness individual isolates to all tested cultivars oscillated in average from 9% to 66% of necrotic leaf area covered by pycnidia. Three isolates had very low, whereas five isolates had high aggressiveness in average to all cultivars. Difference in maximal and minimal aggressiveness of individual isolates to all cultivars was between 13 and 60%. Avirulent reaction was ascertained in the cultivar Rexia to one isolate. Isolates showed wide differences in colored and morphological characteristics. Dissimilarity and similarity was in border shape, cultivation types, surface and coloration of isolate colony also.展开更多
In this paper, a comparative study of the XRD characterization and FTIR spectroscopic behavior of some M^ILn^IIITiO4 phases with M^I: Na, H, K and Ln^III, the trivalent lanthanides elements: Sm, Eu, Er and Yb is rep...In this paper, a comparative study of the XRD characterization and FTIR spectroscopic behavior of some M^ILn^IIITiO4 phases with M^I: Na, H, K and Ln^III, the trivalent lanthanides elements: Sm, Eu, Er and Yb is reported. The H and K- oxides were obtained by ion-exchange from NaLnTiO4. These ternary oxides belong to the K2NiF4 structural type, with the M^I and Ln^III cations distributed in an ordered way on the K-sub lattice. The FTIR spectra of the materials were analyzed by comparison with structurally related materials. A close relationship with the parent NaLnTiO4 was found.展开更多
The rarefied effect of gas flow in microchannel is significant and cannot be well described by traditional hydrodynamic models. It has been known that discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) has the potential to investigate flo...The rarefied effect of gas flow in microchannel is significant and cannot be well described by traditional hydrodynamic models. It has been known that discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) has the potential to investigate flows in a relatively wider range of Knudsen number because of its intrinsic kinetic nature inherited from Boltzmann equation.It is crucial to have a proper kinetic boundary condition for DBM to capture the velocity slip and the flow characteristics in the Knudsen layer. In this paper, we present a DBM combined with Maxwell-type boundary condition model for slip flow. The tangential momentum accommodation coefficient is introduced to implement a gas-surface interaction model.Both the velocity slip and the Knudsen layer under various Knudsen numbers and accommodation coefficients can be well described. Two kinds of slip flows, including Couette flow and Poiseuille flow, are simulated to verify the model.To dynamically compare results from different models, the relation between the definition of Knudsen number in hard sphere model and that in BGK model is clarified.展开更多
In this paper,some new formal similarity reduction solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation are derived.Firstly,we derive the similarity reduction of the NNV equation with the optimal system...In this paper,some new formal similarity reduction solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation are derived.Firstly,we derive the similarity reduction of the NNV equation with the optimal system of the admitted one-dimensional subalgebras.Secondly,by analyzing the reduced equation,three types of similarity solutions are derived,such as multi-soliton like solutions,variable separations solutions,and KdV type solutions.展开更多
The functionally generalized variable separation solutions of a general KdV-type equations u_t=u_(xxx) +A(u, u_x)u_(xx) + B(u, u_x) are investigated by developing the conditional Lie-Backlund symmetry method. A comple...The functionally generalized variable separation solutions of a general KdV-type equations u_t=u_(xxx) +A(u, u_x)u_(xx) + B(u, u_x) are investigated by developing the conditional Lie-Backlund symmetry method. A complete classification of the considered equations, which admit multi-dimensional invariant subspaces governed by higher-order conditional Lie-B¨acklund symmetries, is presented. As a result, several concrete examples are provided to construct functionally generalized variable separation solutions of some resulting equations.展开更多
The author surveys a few examples of boundary layers for which the Prandtl boundary layer theory can be rigorously validated.All of them are associated with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for Newtonian flu...The author surveys a few examples of boundary layers for which the Prandtl boundary layer theory can be rigorously validated.All of them are associated with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for Newtonian fluids equipped with various Dirichlet boundary conditions(specified velocity).These examples include a family of(nonlinear 3D) plane parallel flows,a family of(nonlinear) parallel pipe flows,as well as flows with uniform injection and suction at the boundary.We also identify a key ingredient in establishing the validity of the Prandtl type theory,i.e.,a spectral constraint on the approximate solution to the Navier-Stokes system constructed by combining the inviscid solution and the solution to the Prandtl type system.This is an additional difficulty besides the wellknown issue related to the well-posedness of the Prandtl type system.It seems that the main obstruction to the verification of the spectral constraint condition is the possible separation of boundary layers.A common theme of these examples is the inhibition of separation of boundary layers either via suppressing the velocity normal to the boundary or by injection and suction at the boundary so that the spectral constraint can be verified.A meta theorem is then presented which covers all the cases considered here.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from Shandong province and a grant (200803019) from the Ministry of Agriculturesupported by a grant from Shandong province and a grant (20080019) from the Ministry of Agriculture
文摘An exogenous avian leukosis virus (ALV) strain SDAU09C1 was isolated in DF-1 cells from one of 240 imported 1-day-old white meat-type grand parent breeder chicks. Inoculation of SDAU09C1 in ALV-free chickens induced antibody reactions specific to subgroup A or B. But gp85 amino acid sequence comparisons indicated that SDAU09C1 fell into subgroup A; it had homology of 88.8%-90.3% to 6 reference strains of subgroup A, much higher compared to other subgroups including subgroup B. This is the first report for ALV of subgroup A isolated from imported breeders.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10272071the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China under Grant No. Y604106
文摘In a recent paper [Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 49 (2008) 268], Huang et al. gave a general variable separation solution to the (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation via a special Biicldund transformation and the variable separation approach. In terms of the derived variable separation solution and by introducing Jacobi elliptic functions, they claimed that nonelastic types of interaction between Jacobi elliptic function waves are investigated both analytically and graphically. We show that some inappropriateness or errors exist in their paper, and say nothing of the conclusion that some nonelastic types of interaction between Jacobi elliptic function waves in the (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation have been found.
文摘Reactions 13 wheat cultivars to 18 Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates, collected from three distinct localities, were in average different but differences among individual cultivars were small. All cultivars were susceptible to septoria tritici blotch. Reactions of wheat cultivars to M. graminicola isolates varied from 31% to 41%. Some cultivars had low differences but the other high in reactions to used isolates in average. Variance of individual cultivars to all isolates in reactions of maximal and minimal values fluctuated between 44-80%. More differences were in reactions between individual isolates to single cultivars. Aggressiveness individual isolates to all tested cultivars oscillated in average from 9% to 66% of necrotic leaf area covered by pycnidia. Three isolates had very low, whereas five isolates had high aggressiveness in average to all cultivars. Difference in maximal and minimal aggressiveness of individual isolates to all cultivars was between 13 and 60%. Avirulent reaction was ascertained in the cultivar Rexia to one isolate. Isolates showed wide differences in colored and morphological characteristics. Dissimilarity and similarity was in border shape, cultivation types, surface and coloration of isolate colony also.
文摘In this paper, a comparative study of the XRD characterization and FTIR spectroscopic behavior of some M^ILn^IIITiO4 phases with M^I: Na, H, K and Ln^III, the trivalent lanthanides elements: Sm, Eu, Er and Yb is reported. The H and K- oxides were obtained by ion-exchange from NaLnTiO4. These ternary oxides belong to the K2NiF4 structural type, with the M^I and Ln^III cations distributed in an ordered way on the K-sub lattice. The FTIR spectra of the materials were analyzed by comparison with structurally related materials. A close relationship with the parent NaLnTiO4 was found.
基金Support of National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11475028,11772064,and 11502117Science Challenge Project under Grant Nos.JCKY2016212A501 and TZ2016002
文摘The rarefied effect of gas flow in microchannel is significant and cannot be well described by traditional hydrodynamic models. It has been known that discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) has the potential to investigate flows in a relatively wider range of Knudsen number because of its intrinsic kinetic nature inherited from Boltzmann equation.It is crucial to have a proper kinetic boundary condition for DBM to capture the velocity slip and the flow characteristics in the Knudsen layer. In this paper, we present a DBM combined with Maxwell-type boundary condition model for slip flow. The tangential momentum accommodation coefficient is introduced to implement a gas-surface interaction model.Both the velocity slip and the Knudsen layer under various Knudsen numbers and accommodation coefficients can be well described. Two kinds of slip flows, including Couette flow and Poiseuille flow, are simulated to verify the model.To dynamically compare results from different models, the relation between the definition of Knudsen number in hard sphere model and that in BGK model is clarified.
基金Supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos. ZR2011AQ017 and ZR2010AM028
文摘In this paper,some new formal similarity reduction solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation are derived.Firstly,we derive the similarity reduction of the NNV equation with the optimal system of the admitted one-dimensional subalgebras.Secondly,by analyzing the reduced equation,three types of similarity solutions are derived,such as multi-soliton like solutions,variable separations solutions,and KdV type solutions.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11371293,11501419the Mathematical Discipline Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China under Grant No.14TSXK02+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Weinan Normal University under Grant No.16ZRRC05 and 15YKS005Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China under Grant No.A2018207030
文摘The functionally generalized variable separation solutions of a general KdV-type equations u_t=u_(xxx) +A(u, u_x)u_(xx) + B(u, u_x) are investigated by developing the conditional Lie-Backlund symmetry method. A complete classification of the considered equations, which admit multi-dimensional invariant subspaces governed by higher-order conditional Lie-B¨acklund symmetries, is presented. As a result, several concrete examples are provided to construct functionally generalized variable separation solutions of some resulting equations.
基金Project supported by the National Science Foundation,the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China at Fudan University and the COFRS award from Florida State University
文摘The author surveys a few examples of boundary layers for which the Prandtl boundary layer theory can be rigorously validated.All of them are associated with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for Newtonian fluids equipped with various Dirichlet boundary conditions(specified velocity).These examples include a family of(nonlinear 3D) plane parallel flows,a family of(nonlinear) parallel pipe flows,as well as flows with uniform injection and suction at the boundary.We also identify a key ingredient in establishing the validity of the Prandtl type theory,i.e.,a spectral constraint on the approximate solution to the Navier-Stokes system constructed by combining the inviscid solution and the solution to the Prandtl type system.This is an additional difficulty besides the wellknown issue related to the well-posedness of the Prandtl type system.It seems that the main obstruction to the verification of the spectral constraint condition is the possible separation of boundary layers.A common theme of these examples is the inhibition of separation of boundary layers either via suppressing the velocity normal to the boundary or by injection and suction at the boundary so that the spectral constraint can be verified.A meta theorem is then presented which covers all the cases considered here.