论《庄子》内篇独特的篇章结构

《庄子》一书,以言会意,因文见道。“言”与“文”既是文字章句,亦是文理章法,二者是识“道”得“意”的关键。《庄子》内篇,其篇章结构的独有特色,表现为四个方面:一为总分式;二为分结式;三为离合随意,聚散相依,充满戏剧性;四为篇篇呼应,自成一体,构成一个完整的思想体系。这一独辟蹊径的章法是对哲理文的变革与创新,对后世文体影响深远。

Application of discrete choice model in trip mode structure forecast:a case study of Bengbu

In order to find the main factors that influence the urban traffic structure,a relational model between the travelers＇ characteristics and the trip mode choice is built.The data of urban residents＇ characteristics are obtained from statistical data,while the trip mode split data is collected through a trip survey in Bengbu.In addition,the discrete choice model is adopted to build the functional relationship between the mode choice and the travelers＇ personal characteristics,as well as family characteristics and trip characteristics.The model shows that the relationship between the mode split and the personal,as well as family and trip characteristics is stable and changes little as the time changes.Deduced by the discrete model,the mode split result is relatively accurate and can be feasibly used for trip mode structure forecasts.Furthermore,the proposed model can also contribute to find the key influencing factors on trip mode choice,and restructure or optimize the urban trip mode structure.

Motion simulation and experiment of a novel modular self-reconfigurable robot

Based on the character of the modular self-reconfigurable （MSR） robot, a novel homogeneous and lattice MSR robot, M-Cubes, was designed. Each module unit of the robot has 12 freedoms and is composed of six rotary joints and one cubic link. An attached/detached mechanism was designed on the rotary joints. A novel space transmitting system was placed on the inner portion of the cubic link. A motor separately transmitted torque to the six joints which were distributed equally on six surfaces of the cubic link. The example of a basic motion for the module was demonstrated. The result shows that the robot is concise and compact in structure, highly efficient in transmission, credible in connecting, and simple in controlling. At the same time, a simulator is developed to graphically design the system configuration, the reconfiguration process and the motion of cluster modules. The character of local action for the cellular automata （CA） is utilized. Each module is simplified as a cell. The transition rules of the CA are developed to combine with the genetic algorithm （GA） and applied to each module to accomplish distributed control. Simulation proves that the method is effective and feasible.

Application of the Blown-Ups Principle to Thunderstorm Forecast

Discontinuous and long-duration thunderstorm weather, which occurred at Guanghan in Sichuan Province, was analyzed and predicted using structural conversion of irregular information in phase-space from self-recording “time sequence” records for predicting rain areas, as described in the “Non Destructive Information” method proposed by Professor OuYang Shoucheng. The results show that this method can reveal important changes of weather as well as, by using irregular self-recording information recorded every ten minutes, predict local thunderstorms with durations of only half an hour, and even predict intense convections 12 hours in advance. This is significant for civil and military aviation. It shows the necessity of full utilization of information from automatic weather stations and the necessity of improvements in recording modes in current automatic stations.

Understanding pollution dynamics in large-scale peer-to-peer IPTV system

With the great commercial success of several IPTV (internet protocal television) applications, PPLive has received more and more attention from both industry and academia. At present, PPLive system is one of the most popular instances of IPTV applications which attract a large number of users across the globe; however, the dramatic rise in popularity makes it more likely to become a vulnerable target. The main contribution of this work is twofold. Firstly, a dedicated distributed crawler system was proposed and its crawling performance was analyzed, which was used to evaluate the impact of pollution attack in P2P live streaming system. The measurement results reveal that the crawler system with distributed architecture could capture PPLive overlay snapshots with more efficient way than previous crawlers. To the best of our knowledge, our study work is the first to employ distributed architecture idea to design crawler system and discuss the crawling performance of capturing accurate overlay snapshots for P2P live streaming system. Secondly, a feasible and effective pollution architecture was proposed to deploy content pollution attack in a real-world P2P live streaming system called PPLive, and deeply evaluate the impact of pollution attack from following five aspects:dynamic evolution of participating users, user lifetime characteristics, user connectivity-performance, dynamic evolution of uploading polluted chunks and dynamic evolution of pollution ratio. Specifically, the experiment results show that a single polluter is capable of compromising all the system and its destructiveness is severe.

Analysis of Turbulence Structure in the Stirred Tank with a Deep Hollow Blade Disc Turbine by Time-resolved PIV

The turbulence structure in the stirred tank with a deep hollow blade(semi-ellispe) disc turbine(HEDT) was investigated by using time-resolved particle image velocimetry(TRPIV) and traditional PIV.In the stirred tank,the turbulence generated by blade passage includes the periodic components and the random turbulent ones.Traditional PIV with angle-resolved measurement and TRPIV with wavelet analysis were both used to obtain the random turbulent kinetic energy as a comparison.The wavelet analysis method was successfully used in this work to separate the random turbulent kinetic energy.The distributions of the periodic kinetic energy and the random turbulent kinetic energy were obtained.In the impeller region,the averaged random turbulent kinetic energy was about 2.6 times of the averaged periodic one.The kinetic energies at different wavelet scales from a6 to d1 were also calculated and compared.TRPIV was used to record the sequence of instantaneous velocity in the impeller stream.The evolution of the impeller stream was observed clearly and the sequence of the vorticity field was also obtained for the identification of vortices.The slope of the energy spectrum was approximately-5/3 in high frequency representing the existence of inertial subrange and some isotropic properties in stirred tank.From the power spectral density(PSD) ,one peak existed evidently,which was located at f0(blade passage frequency) generated by the blade passage.

Identification of Modal Parameters with Linear Structure under Non-stationary Ambient Excitation

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is proposed to identify linear structure under non-stationary excitation,and non-white noise coefficient is introduced under the assumption of random signals consisting of white noise and non-white noise signals. The cross-correlation function of response signal is decomposed into mode functions and residue by EMD method. The identification technique of the modal parameters of single freedom degree is applied to each mode function to obtain natural frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes. The results of identification of the five-degree freedom linear system demonstrate that the proposed method is effective in identifying the parameters of linear structures under non-stationary ambient excitation.

Covariant Prolongation Structure of Konno-Asai-Kakuhata Equation

Based upon the covariant prolongation structures theory, we construct the sl（2, R）×R（p） prolongation structure for Konno-Asai-Kakuhata equation. By taking two and one-dimensional prolongation spaces, we obtain the inverse scattering equations given by Konno et al. and the corresponding Riccati equation. The Baecklund transformations are also presented.

Systemic delivery of full-length C/EBPβ / liposome complex suppresses growth of human colon cancer in nude mice

C/EBPβ (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β) is an important transcription factor involved in cellular proliferation and differentiation. Overexpression of the full-length C/EBPβ protein results in cellular growth arrest and apoptosis. Using a nonviral liposome as carrier, we delivered the full-length C/EBPβ expression plasmid, pCN, into nude mice bearing CW-2 human colon cancer tumors via tail vein. Southern blots revealed that the major organs and tumors were transfected. Experimental gene therapy showed that a strong suppression of tumor growth was observed in the pCN- treated mice, and such suppression was due to the overexpression of C/EBPβ, leading to the increased apoptosis in tumors of pCN-treated mice. No apparent toxic effects of pCN/liposome complex were observed in the animals. Thus, C/EBPβ has tumor suppression effect in vivo and may be used in gene therapy for cancers.

Geometric Name Routing for ICN in Dynamic World

A new paradigm of scalable routing for ICN is to combine a geometric routing scheme with a Distributed Hash Table. However, for most routing schemes in this paradigm, when a node joins or leaves, large numbers of nodes, even the whole topology, need to be re-embedded, and a great number of contents need to be re-registered. In this paper, we propose D-Griffin, a geometric routing scheme on flat names for dynamic topologies. D-Griffin provides two advantages. First, it avoids re-embedding the topology by using an online greedy embedding scheme and a void handling greedy forwarding scheme. Second, it decreases the number of re-registrations by using a name mapping scheme with a tradeoff between topology independence and load balancing. Theoretical and experimental analyses show that D-Griffin provides guaranteed content lookup, low description complexity, low path stretch, scalable routing update, and acceptable load balancing.

Hydroelastic Analysis of a Very Large Floating Structure Edged with a Pair of Submerged Horizontal Plates

This paper is concerned with the hydroelastic problem of a very large pontoon-type floating structure(VLFS) edged with a pair of submerged horizontal plates, which is a combination of perforated and non-perforated plates attached to the for-end and back-end of the VLFS. For the hydroelastic analysis, the fluid is assumed to be ideal and its motion is irrotational so that a velocity potential exists. The VLFS is modeled as an elastic plate according to the classical thin plate theory. The fluid-structure interaction problem is separated into conventional hydrodynamics and structure dynamics by using modal expansion method in the frequency-domain. It involves, firstly, the deflection of the VLFS, which is expressed by a superposition of modal functions and corresponding modal amplitudes. Then the boundary element method is used to solve the integral equations of diffraction and radiation on the body surface for the velocity potential, whereas the vibration equation is solved by the Galerkin's method for modal amplitudes, and then the deflection is obtained by the sum of multiplying modal functions with modal amplitudes. This study examines the effects of the width and location of the non-perforated horizontal plates on the hydroelastic response of the VLFS, then the performance of perforated plates is investigated to reduce the motion near the fore-end of the VLFS. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of submerged plates without and with cylindrical holes, we propose a simple anti-motion device, which is a combination of a pair of perforated and non-perforated plates attached to the for-end and back-end of the VLFS. The effectiveness of this device in reducing the deformation and bending moment of the VLFS has been confirmed, and is compared with the results in cases without and with the submerged horizontal plates by the analysis in this paper.

SVD-LSSVM and its application in chemical pattern classification

Pattern classification is an important field in machine learning; least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is a powerful tool for pattern classification. A new version of LSSVM, SVD-LSSVM, to save time of selecting hyper parameters for LSSVM is proposed. SVD-LSSVM is trained through singular value decomposition (SVD) of kernel matrix. Cross validation time of selecting hyper parameters can be saved because a new hyper parameter, singular value contribution rate (SVCR), replaces the penalty factor of LSSVM. Several UCI benchmarking data and the Olive classification problem were used to test SVD-LSSVM. The result showed that SVD-LSSVM has good performance in classification and saves time for cross validation.

Alpha-reliable combined mean traffic equilibrium model with stochastic travel times

Based on the reliability budget and percentile travel time(PTT) concept, a new travel time index named combined mean travel time(CMTT) under stochastic traffic network was proposed. CMTT here was defined as the convex combination of the conditional expectations of PTT-below and PTT-excess travel times. The former was designed as a risk-optimistic travel time index, and the latter was a risk-pessimistic one. Hence, CMTT was able to describe various routing risk-attitudes. The central idea of CMTT was comprehensively illustrated and the difference among the existing travel time indices was analyzed. The Wardropian combined mean traffic equilibrium(CMTE) model was formulated as a variational inequality and solved via an alternating direction algorithm nesting extra-gradient projection process. Some mathematical properties of CMTT and CMTE model were rigorously proved. Finally, a numerical example was performed to characterize the CMTE network. It is founded that that risk-pessimism is of more benefit to a modest(or low) congestion and risk network, however, it changes to be risk-optimism for a high congestion and risk network.

Spatial Structural Pattern and Vulnerability of China-Japan-Korea Shipping Network

The economies of China-Japan-Korea （CJK） are complementary, with their proximity resulting in the three countries having a high degree of interdependence with respect to trade. Currently, trade among these countries relies mainly on port-centered shipping. The development of the shipping network is integral for in-depth integration of CJK trade. This paper analyzes the overall characteristics, centrality, spatial structure, and vulnerability of the CJK shipping network using the methods of complex network analysis, blocking flow theory, and interruption and deletion of hub ports. The main findings are as follows： 1） The CJK shipping network has a small average path length and clustering coefficient, and its degree distribution follows a power-law distribution, which make the network present obvious characteristics of a Barabasi-Albert scale-free. 2） The characteristics of the multi-center point of the CJK shipping network can alleviate traffic pressure. At the same time, the network shows a clear hierarchy in the port transportation system, with cargo transport relying mainly on the ‘hub port-hub port＇ connection. 3） The CJK shipping network is relatively stable. Compared with ports in Japan and Korea, the main hub ports in China have a greater impact on the stability of the shipping network, in particular those ports of the central coastal region, including Shanghai, Ningbo, and Lianyungang.

Distributed Cooperative Mechanism and Application for Monitoring of Urban Subway Construction

In this paper, combining the technologies of Computer Supported Cooperative Work （CSCW）, Workflow and Network, the authors aim to organize virtual distributed cooperative work environment （VDCWE） and expound the running mechanism of cooperative workflow and design its algorithm for monitoring of urban subway construction. And then a prototype system was built based on the above,capable of supporting user analyzing, dealing with and managing data of monitoring, and real-timely releasing corresponding information, providing interactive virtual and distributed coordination meet-environment, dynami-cally and transparently, in favor of clients＇ interoperaiility and solving practicing problems, and so on.

Value Distribution of Differential Polynomials in Meromorphic Functions

Let f（z） be a meromorphic function and ψ be the differential polynomial of f which satisfies the condition of -↑N（r, f）＋-↑N （r, 1/f） = S（r, f）. We obtain several results about the zero point of the ψ and those results extend and improve the results of Yang and Yi in this paper.

HICUS:A QUASI-STRUCTURED P2P SYSTEM BASED ON HIERARCHICAL INTEREST

The key problem in unstructured P2P system is how to control "Flood".Some studies focus on constructing more efficient topology while others focus on better query algorithms.This paper presents HICUS(Hierarchical Interest-driven Community-based Unstructured System) motivated by a basic thought-whether the resources correlate with topology distinguishes structured and unstruc-tured P2P essentially.By introducing hierarchical "interest",HICUS organizes a quasi-structured topology through a pure distributed way,and provides a new platform for query algorithms.We study the procedure and performance of topology organization,and the simulations show that HICUS forms a small-world which can significantly improve the routing efficiency.

Theory and Implementation of Distributed Visual Simulation

The development process as well as the core theory of distributed interactive simulation and high level architecture are discussed, and combined with graphics features, a system of real time distributed visual simulation is established. Based on computer network, simulation platform is built by installing related software and modeling object, and the interactive functions are extended by programming. A set of solutions for building a distributed visual simulation system that include both hardware and software are put forward, and a practical instance is also provided. The whole building process can be summarized into two steps that are scheme consideration and system realization.

WPT-Based Modal Control on Distributed Structures with MRF-04K Damper

The magnetorheological （MR） fluid damper-based semiactive control systems have received considerable attention for protecting structures against natural hazards such as strong earthquakes and high winds. In this paper, a novel modal controller using wavelet packet transform （WPT） is proposed for the vibration control of distributed structures. In the proposed control system, the WPT method is utilized to decompose the acceleration measurement and select the modes containing most of the WPT energy component as the dominant modes. Then, a modal controller is designed to control the dominant modes and the optimal active control force is solved. Finally, Clipped-optimal con- trol law is adopted to determine the voltage applied to each MR damper. A Kalman-filter observer, which estimates the full controlled modal states from local accelerometer feedbacks, is designed for rendering the controller to be more applicable to distributed structures with a large number of degrees of freedom. A numerical example of a stadium root structure installed with MRF-04K damper is presented. The effectiveness of the controller is evaluated under both Tianjin and E1 Centro earthquake excitations. The superior performance and adaptability of the controller for versatile loading conditions are demonstrated through the comparison with traditional truncated modal controller.

A distributed software architecture design framework based on attributed grammar

Software architectures shift the focus of developers from lines-of-code to coarser-grained architectural elements and their overall interconnection structure. There are, however, many features of the distributed software that make the developing methods of distributed software quite different from the traditional ways. Furthermore, the traditional centralized ways with fixed interfaces cannot adapt to the flexible requirements of distributed software. In this paper, the attributed grammar (AG) is extended to refine the characters of distributed software, and a distributed software architecture description language (DSADL) based on attributed grammar is introduced, and then a model of integrated environment for software architecture design is proposed. It can be demonstrated by the practice that DSADL can help the programmers to analyze and design distributed software effectively, so the efficiency of the development can be improved greatly.