Fenneropenaeus penicillatus （redtail shrimp） is an important marine commercial animal in China. Recently, its resources have been depleted rapidly as a result of, for example, over-exploitation and environmental deg...Fenneropenaeus penicillatus （redtail shrimp） is an important marine commercial animal in China. Recently, its resources have been depleted rapidly as a result of, for example, over-exploitation and environmental degradation of spawning grounds. Therefore, we analyzed the genetic diversity and differentiation of nine wild populations of F. penicillatus of China （Ningde, Lianjiang, Putian, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangpu, Dongshan, Nanao, and Shenzhen populations） by amplified fragment .!ength polymorphism （AFLP） technology, to provide genetic information necessary for resource protection, rejuvenation, artificial breeding, and sustainable use of the resource. Eight AFLP primer pairs were used for amplification, and 508 bands were detected among the populations. The results show that the percentage of polymorphic loci （P） ranged from 41.34% to 63.58%; the Nei＇s gene diversity （H） of the populations was 0.119 4-0.230 5; and Shannon＇s Information Index （/） was 0.184 1-0.342 5. These genetic data indicate that the genetic diversity of F. penicillatus was high. The genetic differentiation coefficient （GsT=0.216 2） and gene flow （Nm=1.812 4） show that there was a high level of genetic differentiation and a moderate level of gene flow among populations. More studies on the genetic differentiation mechanism of F. peniillatus along the south-eastem coast of China need to be conducted to find more effective scientific protection strategies for the conservation ofF. penicillatus genetic resources.展开更多
A successful algorithm for detecting target groups is presented. Firstly, A global Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detector is utilized to locate the potential target regions, and then the features are com- puted for...A successful algorithm for detecting target groups is presented. Firstly, A global Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detector is utilized to locate the potential target regions, and then the features are com- puted for target discrimination based on voting mechanism. Finally, Target groups are extracted. The results of experiments show the validity of this algorithm.展开更多
It is a common issue in the processing industry of crayfish that flavored crayfish stored at room temperature is perishable.In order to establish an effective putrid prediction mechanism,high-throughput sequencing and...It is a common issue in the processing industry of crayfish that flavored crayfish stored at room temperature is perishable.In order to establish an effective putrid prediction mechanism,high-throughput sequencing and solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GCMS)were used to analyse the microbial community structure and volatile flavor compounds of normal and putrid crayfish.The results showed that Aeromonas(57%),Macrococcus(7.7%),Vibrio sp.(6.6%),Acinetobacter(5%),Citrobacter(4.9%)and Enterobacter(1.49%)were the main bacterial genus in the refrigerated fresh crayfish(HNA).And Staphylococcus(17.04%),Aeromonas(4.46%),Xanthomonas(4.16%),Streptococcus(4.62%)and Enterococcus(2.77%)were the main bacterial genus in the marinated and refrigerated crayfish(HND).With the spoilage of samples(HNE and HNC),the diversity of bacteria decreased,and the specific spoilage bacteria grew rapidly,mainly Enterococcus,Bacillus,Lactobacillus,Leuconostoc,Weissella.Meanwhile,the volatile compounds in non-spoilage sample(HNA and HND)were mainly alkane compounds,aldehydes compound and esters compounds;and the volatile compounds in spoilage samples were mainly alcohols,acids,benzene compounds,terpenoids,N-containing compounds,S-containing compounds and ethers.This indicated that the contents and types of volatile compounds changed with the sample spoilage and deterioration.Correlation analysis results showed that Enterococcus,Lactobacillus and Bacillus were significantly positively correlated with alcohols,acids,benzene,terpenoids,N-containing compounds,S-containing compounds and ether compounds,while Aeromonas,Megasphaera,Acinetobacter,Citrobacter and Vibrio were significantly positively correlated with alkane compounds and esters compounds,and Leuconostoc were significantly positively correlated with alcohol compounds.These results can provide a theoretical guidance for the storage of cooked flavor crayfish at room temperature.展开更多
Clustering categorical data, an integral part of data mining,has attracted much attention recently. In this paper, the authors formally define the categorical data clustering problem as an optimization problem from th...Clustering categorical data, an integral part of data mining,has attracted much attention recently. In this paper, the authors formally define the categorical data clustering problem as an optimization problem from the viewpoint of cluster ensemble, and apply cluster ensemble approach for clustering categorical data. Experimental results on real datasets show that better clustering accuracy can be obtained by comparing with existing categorical data clustering algorithms.展开更多
In this study the essential oil components aerial parts of Tanacetum heterotomum （Bornm.） Grierson, T. zahlbruckneri （Nab.） Griersson, T. densum （Lab.） Schultz Bip. subsp, amani Heywood and T. cadmeum （Boiss.）...In this study the essential oil components aerial parts of Tanacetum heterotomum （Bornm.） Grierson, T. zahlbruckneri （Nab.） Griersson, T. densum （Lab.） Schultz Bip. subsp, amani Heywood and T. cadmeum （Boiss.） Heywood subsp, orientale were examined by HS-SPME/GC-MS technique. Thirty six, thirty nine, forty and forty five constituents were determined representing 88.9%, 90.1%, 90.8% and 91.5% of the oil, respectively. The main compounds of studied Tanacetum L. taxa; borneol, α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, β-pinene, camphor, germacrene D, spathulenol are determined. Studied Tanacetum taxa showed congruency with the discription in Flora of Turkey as morphological properties; on the contrary essential oil composition were detected very quiet diverse infrageneric level. Chemotypes of Tanacetum L. taxa were reported as borneol, germacrene D, spathulenol, α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, β-pinene and camphor. The results obtained from this study were discussed in terms of chemotaxonomy and natural products.展开更多
The discrete excitation-emission-matrix fluorescence spectra (EEMS) at 12 excitation wavelengths (400, 430, 450, 460, 470, 490, 500, 510, 525, 550, 570, and 590 nm) and emission wavelengths ranging from 600-750 nm wer...The discrete excitation-emission-matrix fluorescence spectra (EEMS) at 12 excitation wavelengths (400, 430, 450, 460, 470, 490, 500, 510, 525, 550, 570, and 590 nm) and emission wavelengths ranging from 600-750 nm were determined for 43 phytoplankton species. A two-rank fluorescence spectra database was established by wavelet analysis and a fluorometric discrimination technique for determining phytoplankton population was developed. For laboratory simulatively mixed samples, the samples mixed from 43 algal species (the algae of one division accounted for 25%, 50%, 75%, 85%, and 100% of the gross biomass, respectively), the average discrimination rates at the level of division were 65.0%, 87.5%, 98.6%, 99.0%, and 99.1%, with average relative contents of 18.9%, 44.5%, 68.9%, 73.4%, and 82.9%, respectively; the samples mixed from 32 red tide algal species (the dominant species accounted for 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% of the gross biomass, respectively), the average correct discrimination rates of the dominant species at the level of genus were 63.3%, 74.2%, 78.8%, 83.4%, and 79.4%, respectively. For the 81 laboratory mixed samples with the dominant species accounting for 75% of the gross biomass (chlorophyll), the discrimination rates of the dominant species were 95.1% and 72.8% at the level of division and genus, respectively. For the 12 samples collected from the mesocosm experiment in Maidao Bay of Qingdao in August 2007, the dominant species of the 11 samples were recognized at the division level and the dominant species of four of the five samples in which the dominant species accounted for more than 80% of the gross biomass were discriminated at the genus level; for the 12 samples obtained from Jiaozhou Bay in August 2007, the dominant species of all the 12 samples were recognized at the division level. The technique can be directly applied to fluorescence spectrophotometers and to the developing of an in situ algae fluorescence auto-analyzer for phytoplankton population.展开更多
Semiarid loess hilly areas in China are enduring a series of environmental conflicts between urban expansion,cultivated land conservation,soil erosion and water shortage,and require land use allocation to reconcile th...Semiarid loess hilly areas in China are enduring a series of environmental conflicts between urban expansion,cultivated land conservation,soil erosion and water shortage,and require land use allocation to reconcile these environmental conflicts.We argue that the optimized spatial allocation of rural land use can be achieved by a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) model in conjunction with multi-objective optimization techniques.Our study focuses on Yuzhong County of Gangsu Province in China,a typical catchment on the Loess Plateau,and proposes a land use spatial optimization model.The model maximizes land use suitability and spatial compactness based on a variety of constraints,e.g.optimal land use structure and restrictive areas,and employs an improved PSO algorithm equipped with a determinant initialization method and a dynamic weighted aggregation (DWA) method to obtain the optimized land use spatial pattern.The results suggest that (1) approximately 4% of land use should be reallocated and these changes would alleviate the environmental conflicts in the study area;(2) the major reshuffling is slope farmland and newly added construction and cultivated land,whereas the unchanged areas are largely forests and basic farmland;and (3) the PSO is capable of optimizing rural land use allocation,and the determinant initialization method and DWA can improve the performance of the PSO.展开更多
Using a molecular dynamics simulation technique,we compared several commonly used ion-water models to describe the microscopic structures and dynamics in KSCN aqueous solutions.Results are compared with observations o...Using a molecular dynamics simulation technique,we compared several commonly used ion-water models to describe the microscopic structures and dynamics in KSCN aqueous solutions.Results are compared with observations of femtosecond infrared vibrational-energy transfer and anisotropy measurements.The Jorgensen/TIP4P model is found to provide the best reproduction of clustering properties such as percentage of clustered ions,cluster-size distribution,concentration dependence of the water,and ion-rotation time constants.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (No.2010J01213)the Special Program for Fujian Provincial Universities (No.JK2010034)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province Universitythe Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Jimei University, China (No. 2010A004)
文摘Fenneropenaeus penicillatus （redtail shrimp） is an important marine commercial animal in China. Recently, its resources have been depleted rapidly as a result of, for example, over-exploitation and environmental degradation of spawning grounds. Therefore, we analyzed the genetic diversity and differentiation of nine wild populations of F. penicillatus of China （Ningde, Lianjiang, Putian, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangpu, Dongshan, Nanao, and Shenzhen populations） by amplified fragment .!ength polymorphism （AFLP） technology, to provide genetic information necessary for resource protection, rejuvenation, artificial breeding, and sustainable use of the resource. Eight AFLP primer pairs were used for amplification, and 508 bands were detected among the populations. The results show that the percentage of polymorphic loci （P） ranged from 41.34% to 63.58%; the Nei＇s gene diversity （H） of the populations was 0.119 4-0.230 5; and Shannon＇s Information Index （/） was 0.184 1-0.342 5. These genetic data indicate that the genetic diversity of F. penicillatus was high. The genetic differentiation coefficient （GsT=0.216 2） and gene flow （Nm=1.812 4） show that there was a high level of genetic differentiation and a moderate level of gene flow among populations. More studies on the genetic differentiation mechanism of F. peniillatus along the south-eastem coast of China need to be conducted to find more effective scientific protection strategies for the conservation ofF. penicillatus genetic resources.
文摘A successful algorithm for detecting target groups is presented. Firstly, A global Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detector is utilized to locate the potential target regions, and then the features are com- puted for target discrimination based on voting mechanism. Finally, Target groups are extracted. The results of experiments show the validity of this algorithm.
文摘It is a common issue in the processing industry of crayfish that flavored crayfish stored at room temperature is perishable.In order to establish an effective putrid prediction mechanism,high-throughput sequencing and solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GCMS)were used to analyse the microbial community structure and volatile flavor compounds of normal and putrid crayfish.The results showed that Aeromonas(57%),Macrococcus(7.7%),Vibrio sp.(6.6%),Acinetobacter(5%),Citrobacter(4.9%)and Enterobacter(1.49%)were the main bacterial genus in the refrigerated fresh crayfish(HNA).And Staphylococcus(17.04%),Aeromonas(4.46%),Xanthomonas(4.16%),Streptococcus(4.62%)and Enterococcus(2.77%)were the main bacterial genus in the marinated and refrigerated crayfish(HND).With the spoilage of samples(HNE and HNC),the diversity of bacteria decreased,and the specific spoilage bacteria grew rapidly,mainly Enterococcus,Bacillus,Lactobacillus,Leuconostoc,Weissella.Meanwhile,the volatile compounds in non-spoilage sample(HNA and HND)were mainly alkane compounds,aldehydes compound and esters compounds;and the volatile compounds in spoilage samples were mainly alcohols,acids,benzene compounds,terpenoids,N-containing compounds,S-containing compounds and ethers.This indicated that the contents and types of volatile compounds changed with the sample spoilage and deterioration.Correlation analysis results showed that Enterococcus,Lactobacillus and Bacillus were significantly positively correlated with alcohols,acids,benzene,terpenoids,N-containing compounds,S-containing compounds and ether compounds,while Aeromonas,Megasphaera,Acinetobacter,Citrobacter and Vibrio were significantly positively correlated with alkane compounds and esters compounds,and Leuconostoc were significantly positively correlated with alcohol compounds.These results can provide a theoretical guidance for the storage of cooked flavor crayfish at room temperature.
文摘Clustering categorical data, an integral part of data mining,has attracted much attention recently. In this paper, the authors formally define the categorical data clustering problem as an optimization problem from the viewpoint of cluster ensemble, and apply cluster ensemble approach for clustering categorical data. Experimental results on real datasets show that better clustering accuracy can be obtained by comparing with existing categorical data clustering algorithms.
文摘In this study the essential oil components aerial parts of Tanacetum heterotomum （Bornm.） Grierson, T. zahlbruckneri （Nab.） Griersson, T. densum （Lab.） Schultz Bip. subsp, amani Heywood and T. cadmeum （Boiss.） Heywood subsp, orientale were examined by HS-SPME/GC-MS technique. Thirty six, thirty nine, forty and forty five constituents were determined representing 88.9%, 90.1%, 90.8% and 91.5% of the oil, respectively. The main compounds of studied Tanacetum L. taxa; borneol, α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, β-pinene, camphor, germacrene D, spathulenol are determined. Studied Tanacetum taxa showed congruency with the discription in Flora of Turkey as morphological properties; on the contrary essential oil composition were detected very quiet diverse infrageneric level. Chemotypes of Tanacetum L. taxa were reported as borneol, germacrene D, spathulenol, α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, β-pinene and camphor. The results obtained from this study were discussed in terms of chemotaxonomy and natural products.
基金supported by National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program)(No.2009AA063005)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.ZR2009EM001)
文摘The discrete excitation-emission-matrix fluorescence spectra (EEMS) at 12 excitation wavelengths (400, 430, 450, 460, 470, 490, 500, 510, 525, 550, 570, and 590 nm) and emission wavelengths ranging from 600-750 nm were determined for 43 phytoplankton species. A two-rank fluorescence spectra database was established by wavelet analysis and a fluorometric discrimination technique for determining phytoplankton population was developed. For laboratory simulatively mixed samples, the samples mixed from 43 algal species (the algae of one division accounted for 25%, 50%, 75%, 85%, and 100% of the gross biomass, respectively), the average discrimination rates at the level of division were 65.0%, 87.5%, 98.6%, 99.0%, and 99.1%, with average relative contents of 18.9%, 44.5%, 68.9%, 73.4%, and 82.9%, respectively; the samples mixed from 32 red tide algal species (the dominant species accounted for 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% of the gross biomass, respectively), the average correct discrimination rates of the dominant species at the level of genus were 63.3%, 74.2%, 78.8%, 83.4%, and 79.4%, respectively. For the 81 laboratory mixed samples with the dominant species accounting for 75% of the gross biomass (chlorophyll), the discrimination rates of the dominant species were 95.1% and 72.8% at the level of division and genus, respectively. For the 12 samples collected from the mesocosm experiment in Maidao Bay of Qingdao in August 2007, the dominant species of the 11 samples were recognized at the division level and the dominant species of four of the five samples in which the dominant species accounted for more than 80% of the gross biomass were discriminated at the genus level; for the 12 samples obtained from Jiaozhou Bay in August 2007, the dominant species of all the 12 samples were recognized at the division level. The technique can be directly applied to fluorescence spectrophotometers and to the developing of an in situ algae fluorescence auto-analyzer for phytoplankton population.
基金supported in part by the National High-Tech Research & Development Program of China (Grant No.2011AA120304)National Key Technology R&D Program of China(Grant Nos. 2011BAB01B06 and 2006BAB05B06)
文摘Semiarid loess hilly areas in China are enduring a series of environmental conflicts between urban expansion,cultivated land conservation,soil erosion and water shortage,and require land use allocation to reconcile these environmental conflicts.We argue that the optimized spatial allocation of rural land use can be achieved by a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) model in conjunction with multi-objective optimization techniques.Our study focuses on Yuzhong County of Gangsu Province in China,a typical catchment on the Loess Plateau,and proposes a land use spatial optimization model.The model maximizes land use suitability and spatial compactness based on a variety of constraints,e.g.optimal land use structure and restrictive areas,and employs an improved PSO algorithm equipped with a determinant initialization method and a dynamic weighted aggregation (DWA) method to obtain the optimized land use spatial pattern.The results suggest that (1) approximately 4% of land use should be reallocated and these changes would alleviate the environmental conflicts in the study area;(2) the major reshuffling is slope farmland and newly added construction and cultivated land,whereas the unchanged areas are largely forests and basic farmland;and (3) the PSO is capable of optimizing rural land use allocation,and the determinant initialization method and DWA can improve the performance of the PSO.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21003117,21203178,21033008)the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Projects of China(2011YQ09000505)
文摘Using a molecular dynamics simulation technique,we compared several commonly used ion-water models to describe the microscopic structures and dynamics in KSCN aqueous solutions.Results are compared with observations of femtosecond infrared vibrational-energy transfer and anisotropy measurements.The Jorgensen/TIP4P model is found to provide the best reproduction of clustering properties such as percentage of clustered ions,cluster-size distribution,concentration dependence of the water,and ion-rotation time constants.
