Coal preparation is an integral part of the coal commodity supply chain. This stage of post-mining, pre-utilization beneficiation uses low-cost separation technologies to remove unwanted mineral matter and moisture wh...Coal preparation is an integral part of the coal commodity supply chain. This stage of post-mining, pre-utilization beneficiation uses low-cost separation technologies to remove unwanted mineral matter and moisture which hinder the value of the coal product. Coal preparation plants typically employ several parallel circuits of cleaning and dewatering operations, with each circuit designed to optimally treat a specific size range of coal. Recent innovations in coal preparation have increased the efficiency and capac- ity of individual unit operations while reinforcing the standard parallel cleaning approach. This article, which describes the historical influences and state-of-the-art design for the various coal preparation unit operations, is organized to distinguish between coarse/intermediate coal cleaning and fine/ultrafine coal cleaning. Size reduction, screening, classification, cleaning, dewatering, waste disposal unit operations are particularly highlighted, with a special focus on the LI.S. design philosophy. Notable differences between the U.S. and international operations are described as appropriate.展开更多
Peucedanum aucheri Boiss. （Apiaceae） is a herbaceous wild plant native to Iran and is used in Iranian folk medicine as a diuretic and for the treatment of kidney disorders. Phytochemical investigation of different e...Peucedanum aucheri Boiss. （Apiaceae） is a herbaceous wild plant native to Iran and is used in Iranian folk medicine as a diuretic and for the treatment of kidney disorders. Phytochemical investigation of different extracts prepared from the aerial part of P. aucheri Boiss. resulted to the isolation of two main flavonol glycosides from methanolic extract. Using comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy, chemical structure of isolated compounds were determined as kaempfrol-3-o-rutinoside （nicotiflorin） and isorhamnetin-3-o-rutinoside （narcissin）. Although narcissin has previously been isolated from P. ruthenicum, to the best of our knowledge, isolation of nicotiflorin from Peucedanum genus is reported for the first time.展开更多
The nonchromatin proteinous residue of the cell nucleus was revealed in our laboratory as early aJs in 1948and then identified by light and electron microscoPy as residual nucleoli. intranuclear network and nuclear en...The nonchromatin proteinous residue of the cell nucleus was revealed in our laboratory as early aJs in 1948and then identified by light and electron microscoPy as residual nucleoli. intranuclear network and nuclear envelope before 1960. This structure termed afterwards as "nuclear residue", "nuclear skeleton", "nuclear cage" 3 "nuclearcarcass" etc., was much later (in 1974) isolated, studied,and entitled as "nuclear matrix" by Berezney and Coffey,to whom the discovery of this residual structure is of ten wronly ascribed. The real history of nuclear matrix manifestation is reported in this paper.展开更多
Atmospheric deposition, a major pathway of metals entering into soils, plays an important role in soil environment, especially in urban regions where a large amount of pollutants are emitted into atmosphere through va...Atmospheric deposition, a major pathway of metals entering into soils, plays an important role in soil environment, especially in urban regions where a large amount of pollutants are emitted into atmosphere through various sources. In order to understand the characteristics of atmospheric deposition in urban area and its relation with natural and anthropogenic sources, a three-year study of atmospheric deposition at three typical sites, industrial zone(IN), urban residential area(RZ) and suburban forested scenic area(FA),was carried out in Nanjing, a metropolitan city in eastern China from 2005 to 2007. The bulk deposition rate and element composition of atmospheric deposition varied spatio-temporally in the urban zones of Nanjing. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb and Ca in the atmospheric deposits were strongly enriched in the whole Nanjing region; however, anthropogenic pollutants in atmospheric deposits were diluted by the input of external mineral dust transported from northwestern China. Source apportionment through principal component analysis(PCA) showed that the background atmospheric deposition at the FA site was the combination of external aerosol and local emission sources. The input of long-range transported Asian dust had an important influence on the urban background deposition, especially in spring when the continental dust from the northwestern China prevailed. Marine aerosol source was observed in summer and autumn, the seasons dominated by summer monsoon in Nanjing. In contrast, the contribution of local anthropogenic emission source was constant regardless of seasons. At the RZ and IN sites, the atmospheric deposition was more significantly affected by the nearby human activities than at the FA site. In addition, different urban activities and both the winter and summer Asian monsoons had substantial impacts on the characteristics of dust deposition in urban Nanjing.展开更多
文摘Coal preparation is an integral part of the coal commodity supply chain. This stage of post-mining, pre-utilization beneficiation uses low-cost separation technologies to remove unwanted mineral matter and moisture which hinder the value of the coal product. Coal preparation plants typically employ several parallel circuits of cleaning and dewatering operations, with each circuit designed to optimally treat a specific size range of coal. Recent innovations in coal preparation have increased the efficiency and capac- ity of individual unit operations while reinforcing the standard parallel cleaning approach. This article, which describes the historical influences and state-of-the-art design for the various coal preparation unit operations, is organized to distinguish between coarse/intermediate coal cleaning and fine/ultrafine coal cleaning. Size reduction, screening, classification, cleaning, dewatering, waste disposal unit operations are particularly highlighted, with a special focus on the LI.S. design philosophy. Notable differences between the U.S. and international operations are described as appropriate.
文摘Peucedanum aucheri Boiss. （Apiaceae） is a herbaceous wild plant native to Iran and is used in Iranian folk medicine as a diuretic and for the treatment of kidney disorders. Phytochemical investigation of different extracts prepared from the aerial part of P. aucheri Boiss. resulted to the isolation of two main flavonol glycosides from methanolic extract. Using comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy, chemical structure of isolated compounds were determined as kaempfrol-3-o-rutinoside （nicotiflorin） and isorhamnetin-3-o-rutinoside （narcissin）. Although narcissin has previously been isolated from P. ruthenicum, to the best of our knowledge, isolation of nicotiflorin from Peucedanum genus is reported for the first time.
文摘The nonchromatin proteinous residue of the cell nucleus was revealed in our laboratory as early aJs in 1948and then identified by light and electron microscoPy as residual nucleoli. intranuclear network and nuclear envelope before 1960. This structure termed afterwards as "nuclear residue", "nuclear skeleton", "nuclear cage" 3 "nuclearcarcass" etc., was much later (in 1974) isolated, studied,and entitled as "nuclear matrix" by Berezney and Coffey,to whom the discovery of this residual structure is of ten wronly ascribed. The real history of nuclear matrix manifestation is reported in this paper.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41130530 and 40625001)
文摘Atmospheric deposition, a major pathway of metals entering into soils, plays an important role in soil environment, especially in urban regions where a large amount of pollutants are emitted into atmosphere through various sources. In order to understand the characteristics of atmospheric deposition in urban area and its relation with natural and anthropogenic sources, a three-year study of atmospheric deposition at three typical sites, industrial zone(IN), urban residential area(RZ) and suburban forested scenic area(FA),was carried out in Nanjing, a metropolitan city in eastern China from 2005 to 2007. The bulk deposition rate and element composition of atmospheric deposition varied spatio-temporally in the urban zones of Nanjing. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb and Ca in the atmospheric deposits were strongly enriched in the whole Nanjing region; however, anthropogenic pollutants in atmospheric deposits were diluted by the input of external mineral dust transported from northwestern China. Source apportionment through principal component analysis(PCA) showed that the background atmospheric deposition at the FA site was the combination of external aerosol and local emission sources. The input of long-range transported Asian dust had an important influence on the urban background deposition, especially in spring when the continental dust from the northwestern China prevailed. Marine aerosol source was observed in summer and autumn, the seasons dominated by summer monsoon in Nanjing. In contrast, the contribution of local anthropogenic emission source was constant regardless of seasons. At the RZ and IN sites, the atmospheric deposition was more significantly affected by the nearby human activities than at the FA site. In addition, different urban activities and both the winter and summer Asian monsoons had substantial impacts on the characteristics of dust deposition in urban Nanjing.
