In this paper, a Stackelberg differential game based approach is proposed to solve the bandwidth allocation problems in satellite communication network. All the satellites are divided into two groups, one has high dow...In this paper, a Stackelberg differential game based approach is proposed to solve the bandwidth allocation problems in satellite communication network. All the satellites are divided into two groups, one has high download requirements, and the other one has low download requirements. Each satellites group has its own controller for bandwidth allocation, and can get payments from the satellites for the allocated resources. The relationships between the controllers and satellites are formed as a Stackelberg game. In our model, differential equation is introduced to describe the bandwidth dynamics for the whole satellite communication network. Combine the differential equation and Stackelberg game together, we can formulate the bandwidth allocation problems in satellite communication network as a Stackelber differential game. The solutions to the proposed game is solved based the Bellman dynamic equations. Numerical simulations are given to prove the effeteness and correctness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Suppose {Xi, i≥1} and {Yi, i≥1} are two independent sequences with distribution functions FX(x) and FY(x), respectively. Zi is the combination of Xi and Yi with a probability pn for each i with 1≤i≤n. The extreme ...Suppose {Xi, i≥1} and {Yi, i≥1} are two independent sequences with distribution functions FX(x) and FY(x), respectively. Zi is the combination of Xi and Yi with a probability pn for each i with 1≤i≤n. The extreme value distribution ,n GZ(x) of this particular triangular array of the i.i.d. random variables Z1, , Z2, ,…, Zn n n ,nis discussed. We found a new form of the extreme value distribution ΛA(ρx)Λ(x)(0<ρ <1), which is not max-stable. It occurs if FX(x) and FY(x) belong to the same MDA(Λ). GZ(x) does not exist as mixture forms of the different types of extreme value distributions.展开更多
Global long-term emission reduction targets need well defined options for equitable allocation of greenhouse gas emissions. Scholars from developing countries put forward the concept of equitable per capita cumulative...Global long-term emission reduction targets need well defined options for equitable allocation of greenhouse gas emissions. Scholars from developing countries put forward the concept of equitable per capita cumulative emission rights. There are four possible operational definitions resulting from this concept. These potential options for allocation of emission rights are expressed with mathematical equations. Through simple simulation, this paper reveals the advantages, disadvantages and characteristics of each option.展开更多
Due to the complexity of earthwork allocation system for the construction of high concrete face rockfill dam,traditional allocation and planning are not able to function properly in the construction process with stron...Due to the complexity of earthwork allocation system for the construction of high concrete face rockfill dam,traditional allocation and planning are not able to function properly in the construction process with strong randomness.In this paper,the working mechanism of earthwork dynamic allocation system is analyzed comprehensively and a solution to fuzzy earthwork dynamic allocation is proposed on the basis of uncertain factors in the earthwork allocation of a hydropower project.Under the premise of actual situation and the experience of the construction site,an all-coefficient-fuzzy linear programming mathematical model with fuzzy parameters and constraints for earthwork allocation is established according to the structure unit weighted ranking criteria.In this way,the deficiency of certain allocation model can be overcome.The application results indicate that the proposed method is more rational compared with traditional earthwork allocation.展开更多
This paper deals with the pole placement of the singular system Ex=Ax（t）＋Dx（t-τ）＋Bu,y=yx,where x ∈ R^n, u ∈ R^m, and y ∈ R^n are its state, control input and measure output respectively; E, A ∈ R^n×n,...This paper deals with the pole placement of the singular system Ex=Ax（t）＋Dx（t-τ）＋Bu,y=yx,where x ∈ R^n, u ∈ R^m, and y ∈ R^n are its state, control input and measure output respectively; E, A ∈ R^n×n, B ∈ R^n×m, and C ∈ R^r×n are constant matrices. It is also assumed that rankE 〈 n. The results generalize the results of [1].展开更多
Conventional coupled BE/FE （Boundary-Element/Finite-Element） method and modeling of structural-acoustic interaction has shown its promise and potential in the design and analysis of various structural-acoustic inter...Conventional coupled BE/FE （Boundary-Element/Finite-Element） method and modeling of structural-acoustic interaction has shown its promise and potential in the design and analysis of various structural-acoustic interaction applications. Unified combined acoustic and aerodynamic loading on the structure is synthesized using two approaches. Firstly, by linear superposition of the acoustic pressure disturbance to the aeroelastic problem, the effect of acoustic pressure disturbance to the aeroelastic structure is considered to consist of structural motion independent incident acoustic pressure and structural motion dependent acoustic pressure, which is known as the scattering pressure, referred here as the acoustic aerodynamic analogy. Secondly, by synthesizing the acoustic and aerodynamic effects on elastic structure using an elegant, effective and unified approach, both acoustic and aerodynamic effect on solid structural boundaries can be formulated as a boundary value problem governed by second order differential equations which lead to solutions expressible as surface integral equations. The unified formulation of the acousto-aeroelastic problem is amenable for simultaneous solution, although certain prevailing situations allow the solution of the equations independently. For this purpose, the unsteady aerodynamic problem which was earlier utilizes well-established lifting surface method is reformulated using Boundary Element （BE） approach. These schemes are outlined and worked out with examples.展开更多
The fundamental problem of an elastic-plastic body subjected to incremental loading is reviewed using a compact internal variable approach based on work carried out at the University of Cape Town in which a quadratic ...The fundamental problem of an elastic-plastic body subjected to incremental loading is reviewed using a compact internal variable approach based on work carried out at the University of Cape Town in which a quadratic functional was developed for the free energy using Taylor series. Now the departure from that approach is the focus on developing the Liapunov function for the nonlinear differential equations of motion. Static and dynamic equations of motion are derived and shown to meet the requirements of the Liapunov function. As a consequence, time integration parameters that are used in the discrete formulations are easily obtained based on the same requirements. The resulting generalized Newton-Raphson scheme is stable in the sense of Liapunov＇s direct method.展开更多
This paper describes the optimization of the impeller having splitters for a turbo blower.Two design variables,chord of splitter and pitch of splitter,are introduced to enhance the blower performance.Blower pressure a...This paper describes the optimization of the impeller having splitters for a turbo blower.Two design variables,chord of splitter and pitch of splitter,are introduced to enhance the blower performance.Blower pressure and ef-ficiency are selected as an object function,and the optimization of the blower impeller is performed by a response surface method (RSM).Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are introduced to analyze the internal flow of the blower and to find the value of the object function for each case.Throughout the shape optimization of the splitters attached to the impeller in the turbo blower,pressure and efficiency at the design flow condition are suc-cessively increased by 5.9 percent and 17.9 percent respectively based on the reference blower.The higher blower efficiency obtained by optimization of impeller having splitters is mainly caused by reducing the number of im-peller blades and optimal design of splitters in the blade passage while pressure increase keeps almost the same with the reference blower.For the object function of pressure,pressure increase is obtained at the design and off-design conditions while efficiency keeps higher compared to the reference blower.The enhancement of blow-er performance is due to the reduction of reverse and circulation flows in the blade passage.展开更多
A sixth-order accurate wavelet integral collocation method is proposed for solving high-order nonlinear boundary value problems in three dimensions.In order to realize the establishment of this method,an approximate e...A sixth-order accurate wavelet integral collocation method is proposed for solving high-order nonlinear boundary value problems in three dimensions.In order to realize the establishment of this method,an approximate expression of multiple integrals of a continuous function defined in a three-dimensional bounded domain is proposed by combining wavelet expansion and Lagrange boundary extension.Through applying such an integral technique,during the solution of nonlinear partial differential equations,the unknown function and its lower-order partial derivatives can be approximately expressed by its highest-order partial derivative values at nodes.A set of nonlinear algebraic equations with respect to these nodal values of the highest-order partial derivative is obtained using a collocation method.The validation and convergence of the proposed method are examined through several benchmark problems,including the eighth-order two-dimensional and fourth-order three-dimensional boundary value problems and the large deflection bending of von Karman plates.Results demonstrate that the present method has higher accuracy and convergence rate than most existing numerical methods.Most importantly,the convergence rate of the proposed method seems to be independent of the order of the differential equations,because it is always sixth order for second-,fourth-,sixth-,and even eighth-order problems.展开更多
基金supported by National Science Foundation Project of P. R. China (No. 61501026, U1603116)
文摘In this paper, a Stackelberg differential game based approach is proposed to solve the bandwidth allocation problems in satellite communication network. All the satellites are divided into two groups, one has high download requirements, and the other one has low download requirements. Each satellites group has its own controller for bandwidth allocation, and can get payments from the satellites for the allocated resources. The relationships between the controllers and satellites are formed as a Stackelberg game. In our model, differential equation is introduced to describe the bandwidth dynamics for the whole satellite communication network. Combine the differential equation and Stackelberg game together, we can formulate the bandwidth allocation problems in satellite communication network as a Stackelber differential game. The solutions to the proposed game is solved based the Bellman dynamic equations. Numerical simulations are given to prove the effeteness and correctness of the proposed approach.
文摘Suppose {Xi, i≥1} and {Yi, i≥1} are two independent sequences with distribution functions FX(x) and FY(x), respectively. Zi is the combination of Xi and Yi with a probability pn for each i with 1≤i≤n. The extreme value distribution ,n GZ(x) of this particular triangular array of the i.i.d. random variables Z1, , Z2, ,…, Zn n n ,nis discussed. We found a new form of the extreme value distribution ΛA(ρx)Λ(x)(0<ρ <1), which is not max-stable. It occurs if FX(x) and FY(x) belong to the same MDA(Λ). GZ(x) does not exist as mixture forms of the different types of extreme value distributions.
基金supported by the 2009 special study project employing basic scientific research fund of the Academy of Macroeconomic Research of NDRC
文摘Global long-term emission reduction targets need well defined options for equitable allocation of greenhouse gas emissions. Scholars from developing countries put forward the concept of equitable per capita cumulative emission rights. There are four possible operational definitions resulting from this concept. These potential options for allocation of emission rights are expressed with mathematical equations. Through simple simulation, this paper reveals the advantages, disadvantages and characteristics of each option.
基金Supported by the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51021004)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology(No.12JCZDJC29200)National Key Technology R and D Program in the 12th Five-Year Plan of China(No.2011BAB10B06)
文摘Due to the complexity of earthwork allocation system for the construction of high concrete face rockfill dam,traditional allocation and planning are not able to function properly in the construction process with strong randomness.In this paper,the working mechanism of earthwork dynamic allocation system is analyzed comprehensively and a solution to fuzzy earthwork dynamic allocation is proposed on the basis of uncertain factors in the earthwork allocation of a hydropower project.Under the premise of actual situation and the experience of the construction site,an all-coefficient-fuzzy linear programming mathematical model with fuzzy parameters and constraints for earthwork allocation is established according to the structure unit weighted ranking criteria.In this way,the deficiency of certain allocation model can be overcome.The application results indicate that the proposed method is more rational compared with traditional earthwork allocation.
基金the Nature Science Foundation of Education Commission of Anhui Province(2006KJ245B)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(070416225KJ2007A003)+1 种基金the Central Foundation of Ministry of Education(205068)Innovational Group of Anhui University
文摘This paper deals with the pole placement of the singular system Ex=Ax（t）＋Dx（t-τ）＋Bu,y=yx,where x ∈ R^n, u ∈ R^m, and y ∈ R^n are its state, control input and measure output respectively; E, A ∈ R^n×n, B ∈ R^n×m, and C ∈ R^r×n are constant matrices. It is also assumed that rankE 〈 n. The results generalize the results of [1].
文摘Conventional coupled BE/FE （Boundary-Element/Finite-Element） method and modeling of structural-acoustic interaction has shown its promise and potential in the design and analysis of various structural-acoustic interaction applications. Unified combined acoustic and aerodynamic loading on the structure is synthesized using two approaches. Firstly, by linear superposition of the acoustic pressure disturbance to the aeroelastic problem, the effect of acoustic pressure disturbance to the aeroelastic structure is considered to consist of structural motion independent incident acoustic pressure and structural motion dependent acoustic pressure, which is known as the scattering pressure, referred here as the acoustic aerodynamic analogy. Secondly, by synthesizing the acoustic and aerodynamic effects on elastic structure using an elegant, effective and unified approach, both acoustic and aerodynamic effect on solid structural boundaries can be formulated as a boundary value problem governed by second order differential equations which lead to solutions expressible as surface integral equations. The unified formulation of the acousto-aeroelastic problem is amenable for simultaneous solution, although certain prevailing situations allow the solution of the equations independently. For this purpose, the unsteady aerodynamic problem which was earlier utilizes well-established lifting surface method is reformulated using Boundary Element （BE） approach. These schemes are outlined and worked out with examples.
文摘The fundamental problem of an elastic-plastic body subjected to incremental loading is reviewed using a compact internal variable approach based on work carried out at the University of Cape Town in which a quadratic functional was developed for the free energy using Taylor series. Now the departure from that approach is the focus on developing the Liapunov function for the nonlinear differential equations of motion. Static and dynamic equations of motion are derived and shown to meet the requirements of the Liapunov function. As a consequence, time integration parameters that are used in the discrete formulations are easily obtained based on the same requirements. The resulting generalized Newton-Raphson scheme is stable in the sense of Liapunov＇s direct method.
基金supported by the Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Evaluation and Planning (ITEP) grant funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (No.10032063)
文摘This paper describes the optimization of the impeller having splitters for a turbo blower.Two design variables,chord of splitter and pitch of splitter,are introduced to enhance the blower performance.Blower pressure and ef-ficiency are selected as an object function,and the optimization of the blower impeller is performed by a response surface method (RSM).Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are introduced to analyze the internal flow of the blower and to find the value of the object function for each case.Throughout the shape optimization of the splitters attached to the impeller in the turbo blower,pressure and efficiency at the design flow condition are suc-cessively increased by 5.9 percent and 17.9 percent respectively based on the reference blower.The higher blower efficiency obtained by optimization of impeller having splitters is mainly caused by reducing the number of im-peller blades and optimal design of splitters in the blade passage while pressure increase keeps almost the same with the reference blower.For the object function of pressure,pressure increase is obtained at the design and off-design conditions while efficiency keeps higher compared to the reference blower.The enhancement of blow-er performance is due to the reduction of reverse and circulation flows in the blade passage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11925204 and 12172154)the 111 Project(Grant No.B14044)the National Key Project of China(Grant No.GJXM92579).
文摘A sixth-order accurate wavelet integral collocation method is proposed for solving high-order nonlinear boundary value problems in three dimensions.In order to realize the establishment of this method,an approximate expression of multiple integrals of a continuous function defined in a three-dimensional bounded domain is proposed by combining wavelet expansion and Lagrange boundary extension.Through applying such an integral technique,during the solution of nonlinear partial differential equations,the unknown function and its lower-order partial derivatives can be approximately expressed by its highest-order partial derivative values at nodes.A set of nonlinear algebraic equations with respect to these nodal values of the highest-order partial derivative is obtained using a collocation method.The validation and convergence of the proposed method are examined through several benchmark problems,including the eighth-order two-dimensional and fourth-order three-dimensional boundary value problems and the large deflection bending of von Karman plates.Results demonstrate that the present method has higher accuracy and convergence rate than most existing numerical methods.Most importantly,the convergence rate of the proposed method seems to be independent of the order of the differential equations,because it is always sixth order for second-,fourth-,sixth-,and even eighth-order problems.
