创新是中国制造业转型发展的动力源泉,要依靠创新促进中国制造业从制造业集聚的世界工厂(全球制造业中心)转向全球制造业创新中心。从三个方面探讨中国由世界工厂(全球制造业中心)成为全球制造业创新中心的转变机制。首先,中国制造业已...创新是中国制造业转型发展的动力源泉,要依靠创新促进中国制造业从制造业集聚的世界工厂(全球制造业中心)转向全球制造业创新中心。从三个方面探讨中国由世界工厂(全球制造业中心)成为全球制造业创新中心的转变机制。首先,中国制造业已经成为世界工厂(全球制造业中心),这有助于相关科技活动的发展;其次,中国制造业与科技创新活动之间形成正反馈效应的创新系统;最后,由封闭走向开放式创新体系的多要素共同决定中国的创新产出,决定中国全球制造业创新中心的建立。结合2002-2017年我国29个省的面板数据,采用递归方法(recursive regression)对地理创新生产函数(Geographical Innovation Production Function,简称GIP函数)进一步扩展,结果显示:中国制造业世界工厂(全球制造业中心)积极促进了企业R&D等科技活动;科技活动与制造业之间相互影响,但正反馈效果不明显;开放条件下相关科技活动和国际技术溢出、区域技术溢出等因素与创新产出是正相关的,而R&D人员投入与创新产出之间呈负相关,其效果还有待加强。展开更多
By introducing a knowledge production function which combines both foreign technology imports and domestic research and development （R＆D） expenditure into an endogenous technological progress model, this paper exam...By introducing a knowledge production function which combines both foreign technology imports and domestic research and development （R＆D） expenditure into an endogenous technological progress model, this paper examines the mechanism that determines enterprises＇ R＆D intensity in developing countries, and explores how factors such as technological gap, technology absorptive capacity, innovation environment and innovation ability would impact Chinese enterprises＇decision made on R＆D intensity. Our results suggest that technological gap has no significant single impact on enterprises＇R＆D intensity, but rather influences enterprises＇decision on R＆D jointly with other factors such as degree of openness and human capital. A relative fall in efficiency of technology imitation recently has a negative effect on total R＆D intensity but helps to promote enterprises＇ independent R＆D. In addition, among factors related to R＆D innovation environment, industrial R＆D intensity has a significantly positive impact on enterprises＇ independent R＆D intensity, while regional economies of scale, proportion of large enterprises and proportion of government R＆D investment have some certain negative impacts.展开更多
This paper focuses on verifying the relevance of two theoretical propositions and related empirical investigation about the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurship. It draws upon a creativity process that...This paper focuses on verifying the relevance of two theoretical propositions and related empirical investigation about the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurship. It draws upon a creativity process that considers three ＂dimensions＂ or ＂disciplines＂ （3D） critical for creative organizations--within discipline expertise, out of discipline knowledge, and a disciplined creative process. The paper first explores the Cobb-Douglas production function as a relevant tool for modeling the 3D creative process. The next part discusses the 3D process as a production function, which is modeled following the well-known Cobb-Douglas specification. Last, the paper offers implications for future research on disciplined creativity/innovation as a method of improving organizations＇ creative performance. The modeling shows that labor and investment can readily enter into the 3D creativity process as inputs. These two inputs are meaningful in explaining where innovation outputs come from and how they can be measured, with a reasonable theoretical decomposition. It is not true that the more capital investments in the creativity process, the better the level of innovation production, but firm＇s human resource management and expenditures should pay attention to optimal levels of capital and labor stocks, in a combination that helps reach highest possible innovation output.展开更多
文摘创新是中国制造业转型发展的动力源泉,要依靠创新促进中国制造业从制造业集聚的世界工厂(全球制造业中心)转向全球制造业创新中心。从三个方面探讨中国由世界工厂(全球制造业中心)成为全球制造业创新中心的转变机制。首先,中国制造业已经成为世界工厂(全球制造业中心),这有助于相关科技活动的发展;其次,中国制造业与科技创新活动之间形成正反馈效应的创新系统;最后,由封闭走向开放式创新体系的多要素共同决定中国的创新产出,决定中国全球制造业创新中心的建立。结合2002-2017年我国29个省的面板数据,采用递归方法(recursive regression)对地理创新生产函数(Geographical Innovation Production Function,简称GIP函数)进一步扩展,结果显示:中国制造业世界工厂(全球制造业中心)积极促进了企业R&D等科技活动;科技活动与制造业之间相互影响,但正反馈效果不明显;开放条件下相关科技活动和国际技术溢出、区域技术溢出等因素与创新产出是正相关的,而R&D人员投入与创新产出之间呈负相关,其效果还有待加强。
基金This study has been supported by “Research on Chinese Enterprises＇ R＆D Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors” under National Natural Science Foundation of China （70902002）, “Research on Beijing Enterprises＇ R＆D Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors： Analysis Based on Cutting-edge” under Beijing Natural Science Foundation （9102019）, together with “Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University” under the Ministry of Education and Key Project under the “211 Project” for Central University of Finance and Economics.
文摘By introducing a knowledge production function which combines both foreign technology imports and domestic research and development （R＆D） expenditure into an endogenous technological progress model, this paper examines the mechanism that determines enterprises＇ R＆D intensity in developing countries, and explores how factors such as technological gap, technology absorptive capacity, innovation environment and innovation ability would impact Chinese enterprises＇decision made on R＆D intensity. Our results suggest that technological gap has no significant single impact on enterprises＇R＆D intensity, but rather influences enterprises＇decision on R＆D jointly with other factors such as degree of openness and human capital. A relative fall in efficiency of technology imitation recently has a negative effect on total R＆D intensity but helps to promote enterprises＇ independent R＆D. In addition, among factors related to R＆D innovation environment, industrial R＆D intensity has a significantly positive impact on enterprises＇ independent R＆D intensity, while regional economies of scale, proportion of large enterprises and proportion of government R＆D investment have some certain negative impacts.
文摘This paper focuses on verifying the relevance of two theoretical propositions and related empirical investigation about the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurship. It draws upon a creativity process that considers three ＂dimensions＂ or ＂disciplines＂ （3D） critical for creative organizations--within discipline expertise, out of discipline knowledge, and a disciplined creative process. The paper first explores the Cobb-Douglas production function as a relevant tool for modeling the 3D creative process. The next part discusses the 3D process as a production function, which is modeled following the well-known Cobb-Douglas specification. Last, the paper offers implications for future research on disciplined creativity/innovation as a method of improving organizations＇ creative performance. The modeling shows that labor and investment can readily enter into the 3D creativity process as inputs. These two inputs are meaningful in explaining where innovation outputs come from and how they can be measured, with a reasonable theoretical decomposition. It is not true that the more capital investments in the creativity process, the better the level of innovation production, but firm＇s human resource management and expenditures should pay attention to optimal levels of capital and labor stocks, in a combination that helps reach highest possible innovation output.
