Empirical studies have shown that a large number of financial asset returns exhibit fat tails （leptokurtosis） and are often characterized by volatility clustering and asymmetry. This paper considers the ability of t...Empirical studies have shown that a large number of financial asset returns exhibit fat tails （leptokurtosis） and are often characterized by volatility clustering and asymmetry. This paper considers the ability of the GARCH-Type （Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity） models to capture the stylized features of volatility in national stock market returns for three countries （Portugal, Spain and Greece）. The results of this paper suggest that in the presence of asymmetric responses to innovations in the market, the ARMA （1,1）-GJRGARCH（1,1） skewed Student-t model which accommodates both the skewness and the kurtosis of financial time series is preferred.展开更多
Starting with the basic knowledge of the system, the researcher analyzes the significance of institutional innovation in revitalizing old industrial bases in Northeast of China. It is not difficult to discover that No...Starting with the basic knowledge of the system, the researcher analyzes the significance of institutional innovation in revitalizing old industrial bases in Northeast of China. It is not difficult to discover that Northeast＇s backwardness is caused by both of the historical and the artificial reasons. What＇s more, owing to the establishment of market economy, the old system no longer satisfies the development of the new system. Therefore, in order to speed up the Northeast region＇s economy and make it truly become the fourth growth pole, we must accelerate the innovation system.展开更多
Around two thirds of the Swedish rural areas experienced positive net migration during the period 2003-2005. This paper examines the development in the Swedish rural areas from the perspective of the ＂new rurality＂ ...Around two thirds of the Swedish rural areas experienced positive net migration during the period 2003-2005. This paper examines the development in the Swedish rural areas from the perspective of the ＂new rurality＂ or the new rural economic order with regard to migratory movements. The paper analyzes determinants of net migration to rural areas in general and to different types of regions, and the impacts of in-migration on rural labor markets, self-employment and other socio-economic conditions. The determinants of the migration pattern were mainly the size of adjacent local and regional centers, income and education levels that all had positive impacts, while commuting distance and unemployment rate had contrary effects. In comparison with the original inhabitants, the newcomers had lower incomes, a lower employment ratio and a lower degree of entrepreneurial activities, but higher education levels. These differences might be explained by the age differences between stayers （older） and in-migrants （younger）. This indicates that the two groups were in different stages of their life cycles. One central conclusion drawn from the paper is that the effect of in-migration on the composition of the rural population is about the same in rural areas all over Sweden.展开更多
Far from being equivalent to host the process, the vessels play an active role in the crystallization thanks to their differently shaped bottoms. It was clearly pointed out through a meticulous experimental research o...Far from being equivalent to host the process, the vessels play an active role in the crystallization thanks to their differently shaped bottoms. It was clearly pointed out through a meticulous experimental research on the batch crystallization of CAM （citric acid monohydrate） carried out in the years 1997-1998 by the author at the historic laboratories of＂La Sapienza＂ University of Rome. Such pioneering M.Sc. thesis, supervised by Prof. Barbara Mazzarotta （Department of Chemical Engineering）, was already summarized in an informative essay but, since the crystallization operating conditions to optimize were illustrated ＂collectively＂, it seemed necessary a further paper expounding uniquely the geometry effect. Our aim is to use all the data, collected and simulated, in order to show why the round-bottomed crystallizer performed better than the conical-bottomed one with the CAM from aqueous solutions, and why we should discard the flat-bottomed crystallizers.展开更多
Industries that suitable for cluster innovation are often intensive in knowledge and technology, with high capital agglomeration; closely interact and corporate with each other through resources sharing. Its developme...Industries that suitable for cluster innovation are often intensive in knowledge and technology, with high capital agglomeration; closely interact and corporate with each other through resources sharing. Its development is depend on many factors, such as technical reliability, human resources, its own growth potential, competition, market prospects, and the government policies, etc.. Aimed at clarifying the path selection mechanism of cluster innovation, this paper first analyze the connotation of cluster innovation and its inside factors＇ bonding relationship, then exploring the triggers and path forming dimensions of cluster innovation. Finally, it builds a path-selection model on cluster innovation, and discusses the characteristics of each side.展开更多
Under the new situation, news and propaganda work must hold high the banner around the overall situation, serve the people, make reform and innovation, adhere to the correct guidance of public opinion, to improve the ...Under the new situation, news and propaganda work must hold high the banner around the overall situation, serve the people, make reform and innovation, adhere to the correct guidance of public opinion, to improve the ability to guide public opinion, to create a good public opinion environment, to better play and publicize the party＇ s ideas, to promote social justice, to access to social conditions public opinion, to guide social hot spots, to divert the public mood, to improve the important role of public opinion. We should put the improvement of the ability to guide public opinion in a prominent position, conduct in-depth research, and come up with concrete measures to achieve new results. We must adhere to the Party＇ s principles; firmly grasp the correct guidance of public opinion. Guiding correctly public opinion will benefit the country, party and people; guiding media wrong will make damage to China, party and people. To firmly establish political awareness, the overall sense of responsibility, position sense, we should put adhering to the correct orientation in the first place on the news and propaganda work.展开更多
Under the highly competitive market economy management system, economic management of Chinese enterprises tends to be diversity. With the continuous development of market economy, enterprises need choose the appropria...Under the highly competitive market economy management system, economic management of Chinese enterprises tends to be diversity. With the continuous development of market economy, enterprises need choose the appropriate management methods according to the actual situation, which is to help enterprises to survive in the highly competitive environment. However, due to a variety of external factors, economic management situation is not optimistic. And it increases their sense of crisis. This article will make a systematic analysis of management strategies as the point of the enterprise management mode and innovation strategy under market economy.展开更多
文摘Empirical studies have shown that a large number of financial asset returns exhibit fat tails （leptokurtosis） and are often characterized by volatility clustering and asymmetry. This paper considers the ability of the GARCH-Type （Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity） models to capture the stylized features of volatility in national stock market returns for three countries （Portugal, Spain and Greece）. The results of this paper suggest that in the presence of asymmetric responses to innovations in the market, the ARMA （1,1）-GJRGARCH（1,1） skewed Student-t model which accommodates both the skewness and the kurtosis of financial time series is preferred.
文摘Starting with the basic knowledge of the system, the researcher analyzes the significance of institutional innovation in revitalizing old industrial bases in Northeast of China. It is not difficult to discover that Northeast＇s backwardness is caused by both of the historical and the artificial reasons. What＇s more, owing to the establishment of market economy, the old system no longer satisfies the development of the new system. Therefore, in order to speed up the Northeast region＇s economy and make it truly become the fourth growth pole, we must accelerate the innovation system.
文摘Around two thirds of the Swedish rural areas experienced positive net migration during the period 2003-2005. This paper examines the development in the Swedish rural areas from the perspective of the ＂new rurality＂ or the new rural economic order with regard to migratory movements. The paper analyzes determinants of net migration to rural areas in general and to different types of regions, and the impacts of in-migration on rural labor markets, self-employment and other socio-economic conditions. The determinants of the migration pattern were mainly the size of adjacent local and regional centers, income and education levels that all had positive impacts, while commuting distance and unemployment rate had contrary effects. In comparison with the original inhabitants, the newcomers had lower incomes, a lower employment ratio and a lower degree of entrepreneurial activities, but higher education levels. These differences might be explained by the age differences between stayers （older） and in-migrants （younger）. This indicates that the two groups were in different stages of their life cycles. One central conclusion drawn from the paper is that the effect of in-migration on the composition of the rural population is about the same in rural areas all over Sweden.
文摘Far from being equivalent to host the process, the vessels play an active role in the crystallization thanks to their differently shaped bottoms. It was clearly pointed out through a meticulous experimental research on the batch crystallization of CAM （citric acid monohydrate） carried out in the years 1997-1998 by the author at the historic laboratories of＂La Sapienza＂ University of Rome. Such pioneering M.Sc. thesis, supervised by Prof. Barbara Mazzarotta （Department of Chemical Engineering）, was already summarized in an informative essay but, since the crystallization operating conditions to optimize were illustrated ＂collectively＂, it seemed necessary a further paper expounding uniquely the geometry effect. Our aim is to use all the data, collected and simulated, in order to show why the round-bottomed crystallizer performed better than the conical-bottomed one with the CAM from aqueous solutions, and why we should discard the flat-bottomed crystallizers.
文摘Industries that suitable for cluster innovation are often intensive in knowledge and technology, with high capital agglomeration; closely interact and corporate with each other through resources sharing. Its development is depend on many factors, such as technical reliability, human resources, its own growth potential, competition, market prospects, and the government policies, etc.. Aimed at clarifying the path selection mechanism of cluster innovation, this paper first analyze the connotation of cluster innovation and its inside factors＇ bonding relationship, then exploring the triggers and path forming dimensions of cluster innovation. Finally, it builds a path-selection model on cluster innovation, and discusses the characteristics of each side.
文摘Under the new situation, news and propaganda work must hold high the banner around the overall situation, serve the people, make reform and innovation, adhere to the correct guidance of public opinion, to improve the ability to guide public opinion, to create a good public opinion environment, to better play and publicize the party＇ s ideas, to promote social justice, to access to social conditions public opinion, to guide social hot spots, to divert the public mood, to improve the important role of public opinion. We should put the improvement of the ability to guide public opinion in a prominent position, conduct in-depth research, and come up with concrete measures to achieve new results. We must adhere to the Party＇ s principles; firmly grasp the correct guidance of public opinion. Guiding correctly public opinion will benefit the country, party and people; guiding media wrong will make damage to China, party and people. To firmly establish political awareness, the overall sense of responsibility, position sense, we should put adhering to the correct orientation in the first place on the news and propaganda work.
文摘Under the highly competitive market economy management system, economic management of Chinese enterprises tends to be diversity. With the continuous development of market economy, enterprises need choose the appropriate management methods according to the actual situation, which is to help enterprises to survive in the highly competitive environment. However, due to a variety of external factors, economic management situation is not optimistic. And it increases their sense of crisis. This article will make a systematic analysis of management strategies as the point of the enterprise management mode and innovation strategy under market economy.
