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绿色屋顶径流减控效果的监测分析 被引量:6
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作者 杨默远 张书函 潘兴瑶 《中国给水排水》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第15期134-138,共5页
基于3年的连续试验监测与数据分析,揭示绿色屋顶的产流规律,定量识别实际运行过程中绿色屋顶的径流减控效果。结果表明,绿色屋顶的年径流总量控制率为77%,在174场降雨中,绿色屋顶发生产流的有33场,产流多发生在大雨及大雨以上等级降雨中... 基于3年的连续试验监测与数据分析,揭示绿色屋顶的产流规律,定量识别实际运行过程中绿色屋顶的径流减控效果。结果表明,绿色屋顶的年径流总量控制率为77%,在174场降雨中,绿色屋顶发生产流的有33场,产流多发生在大雨及大雨以上等级降雨中;随着降雨量的增加,绿色屋顶的径流系数逐渐增加,对于暴雨和特大暴雨,绿色屋顶的径流系数分别为0. 35和0. 44;绿色屋顶的场次径流总量控制率普遍在50%以上,且随着降雨总量的增加而逐渐减少,两者呈幂函数关系;绿色屋顶同样具有较好的洪峰流量削减效果,洪峰流量削减率与场次径流总量控制率存在较高的一致性,两者的相关系数为0. 95;绿色屋顶的初损过程对降雨的滞蓄起到重要作用,典型场次的初损占比(初损量与降雨控制总量的比例)最高可达90%,且随降雨总量的增加而减少,两者呈对数函数关系。初损过程对应的年径流总量控制率约为51%,大致相当于10 mm的设计降雨量,即绿色屋顶具有10 mm的调蓄容积。 展开更多
关键词 海绵城市 绿色屋顶 径流总量控制率 径流减控效果 初损过程
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A combined continuous-discontinuous approach for failure process of quasi-brittle materials 被引量:3
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作者 CHANG XiaoLin HU Chao +2 位作者 ZHOU Wei MA Gang ZHANG Chao 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第3期550-559,共10页
Rock,concrete and other geo-materials,due to the presence of microstructural inhomogeneity,their fracture processes and damage characteristics are associated with the distribution of micro-cracks contained in the mate... Rock,concrete and other geo-materials,due to the presence of microstructural inhomogeneity,their fracture processes and damage characteristics are associated with the distribution of micro-cracks contained in the materials.In this study,by introducing a cohesive zone model based on fracture mechanics into the framework of deformable discrete element method,a continuous-discontinuous coupling analysis approach for simulating the fracture of quasi-brittle materials is proposed.The cohesive interface elements are inserted into certain engineering or research region.It is assumed that damage and fracture occur only in the interface elements,while bulk material is modeled to be elastic.The Mohr-Coulomb criterion with tension cut-off is adopted as the damage initiation criterion,and a scalar damage variable representing damage in the material is used to describe the rate at which the material stiffness is degraded.Cracks are simulated explicitly by the failure of the interface elements.Numerical simulations are performed in order to validate the suggested method.Partial applications are also listed.The results show that this method provides a simple but effective tool for the simulation of crack initiation and propagation,and it can reflect the whole process of quasi-brittle materials from small deformation to large deformation and failure. 展开更多
关键词 quasi-brittle materials deformable discrete elements cohesive zone model crack propagation
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