提出一种新的基于判别公共向量(Discriminative Common Vector)的单样本人脸识别算法.该方法基于人脸类内方差相似的假定,通过引入单人多样本的辅助人脸集来估计类内方差,解决了单训练样本情况下样本类内方差无法估计的问题.在FERET人...提出一种新的基于判别公共向量(Discriminative Common Vector)的单样本人脸识别算法.该方法基于人脸类内方差相似的假定,通过引入单人多样本的辅助人脸集来估计类内方差,解决了单训练样本情况下样本类内方差无法估计的问题.在FERET人脸库的测试结果表明,在面部细节、光照、表情变化的情况下,该方法都具有较好的识别效果.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to apply some statistical and soft computing methods such as Fisher discriminant analysis （FDA） and support vector machines （SVMs） methodology to the determination of pillar stability ...The purpose of this study is to apply some statistical and soft computing methods such as Fisher discriminant analysis （FDA） and support vector machines （SVMs） methodology to the determination of pillar stability for underground mines selected from various coal and stone mines by using some index and mechanical properties, including the width, the height, the ratio of the pillar width to its height, the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock and pillar stress. The study includes four main stages： sampling, testing, modeling and assessment of the model performances. During the modeling stage, two pillar stability prediction models were investigated with FDA and SVMs methodology based on the statistical learning theory. After using 40 sets of measured data in various mines in the world for training and testing, the model was applied to other 6 data for validating the trained proposed models. The prediction results of SVMs were compared with those of FDA as well as the measured field values. The general performance of models developed in this study is close; however, the SVMs exhibit the best performance considering the performance index with the correct classification rate Prs by re-substitution method and Pcv by cross validation method. The results show that the SVMs approach has the potential to be a reliable and practical tool for determination of pillar stability for underground mines.展开更多
Some dimensionality reduction （DR） approaches based on support vector machine （SVM） are proposed. But the acquirement of the projection matrix in these approaches only considers the between-class margin based on S...Some dimensionality reduction （DR） approaches based on support vector machine （SVM） are proposed. But the acquirement of the projection matrix in these approaches only considers the between-class margin based on SVM while ignoring the within-class information in data. This paper presents a new DR approach, call- ed the dimensionality reduction based on SVM and LDA （DRSL）. DRSL considers the between-class margins from SVM and LDA, and the within-class compactness from LDA to obtain the projection matrix. As a result, DRSL can realize the combination of the between-class and within-class information and fit the between-class and within-class structures in data. Hence, the obtained projection matrix increases the generalization ability of subsequent classification techniques. Experiments applied to classification techniques show the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Foley-Sammon linear discriminant analysis (FSLDA) and uncorrelated linear discriminant analysis (ULDA) are two well-known kinds of linear discriminant analysis. Both ULDA and FSLDA search the kth discriminant vector i...Foley-Sammon linear discriminant analysis (FSLDA) and uncorrelated linear discriminant analysis (ULDA) are two well-known kinds of linear discriminant analysis. Both ULDA and FSLDA search the kth discriminant vector in an n-k+1 dimensional subspace, while they are subject to their respective constraints. Evidenced by strict demonstration, it is clear that in essence ULDA vectors are the covariance-orthogonal vectors of the corresponding eigen-equation. So, the algorithms for the covariance-orthogonal vectors are equivalent to the original algorithm of ULDA, which is time-consuming. Also, it is first revealed that the Fisher criterion value of each FSLDA vector must be not less than that of the corresponding ULDA vector by theory analysis. For a discriminant vector, the larger its Fisher criterion value is, the more powerful in discriminability it is. So, for FSLDA vectors, corresponding to larger Fisher criterion values is an advantage. On the other hand, in general any two feature components extracted by FSLDA vectors are statistically correlated with each other, which may make the discriminant vectors set at a disadvantageous position. In contrast to FSLDA vectors, any two feature components extracted by ULDA vectors are statistically uncorrelated with each other. Two experiments on CENPARMI handwritten numeral database and ORL database are performed. The experimental results are consistent with the theory analysis on Fisher criterion values of ULDA vectors and FSLDA vectors. The experiments also show that the equivalent algorithm of ULDA, presented in this paper, is much more efficient than the original algorithm of ULDA, as the theory analysis expects. Moreover, it appears that if there is high statistical correlation between feature components extracted by FSLDA vectors, FSLDA will not perform well, in spite of larger Fisher criterion value owned by every FSLDA vector. However, when the average correlation coefficient of feature components extracted by FSLDA vectors is at a low level, the performance of FSLDA are comparable with ULDA.展开更多
In order to overcome the disadvantages of diagonal connection structures that are complex and for which it is difficult to derive the discriminant of the airflow directions of airways, we have applied a multiple regre...In order to overcome the disadvantages of diagonal connection structures that are complex and for which it is difficult to derive the discriminant of the airflow directions of airways, we have applied a multiple regression method to analyze the effect, of changing the rules of mine airflows, on the stability of a mine ventilation system. The amount of air （ Qj ） is determined for the major airway and an optimum regression equation was derived for Qi as a function of the independent variable （ Ri ）, i.e., the venti- lation resistance between different airways. Therefore, corresponding countermeasures are proposed according to the changes in airflows. The calculated results agree very well with our practical situation, indicating that multiple regression analysis is simple, quick and practical and is therefore an effective method to analyze the stability of mine ventilation systems.展开更多
文摘提出一种新的基于判别公共向量(Discriminative Common Vector)的单样本人脸识别算法.该方法基于人脸类内方差相似的假定,通过引入单人多样本的辅助人脸集来估计类内方差,解决了单训练样本情况下样本类内方差无法估计的问题.在FERET人脸库的测试结果表明,在面部细节、光照、表情变化的情况下,该方法都具有较好的识别效果.
基金Project (50934006) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (2010CB732004) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject (CX2011B119) supported by the Graduated Students’ Research and Innovation Fund Project of Hunan Province of China
文摘The purpose of this study is to apply some statistical and soft computing methods such as Fisher discriminant analysis （FDA） and support vector machines （SVMs） methodology to the determination of pillar stability for underground mines selected from various coal and stone mines by using some index and mechanical properties, including the width, the height, the ratio of the pillar width to its height, the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock and pillar stress. The study includes four main stages： sampling, testing, modeling and assessment of the model performances. During the modeling stage, two pillar stability prediction models were investigated with FDA and SVMs methodology based on the statistical learning theory. After using 40 sets of measured data in various mines in the world for training and testing, the model was applied to other 6 data for validating the trained proposed models. The prediction results of SVMs were compared with those of FDA as well as the measured field values. The general performance of models developed in this study is close; however, the SVMs exhibit the best performance considering the performance index with the correct classification rate Prs by re-substitution method and Pcv by cross validation method. The results show that the SVMs approach has the potential to be a reliable and practical tool for determination of pillar stability for underground mines.
文摘Some dimensionality reduction （DR） approaches based on support vector machine （SVM） are proposed. But the acquirement of the projection matrix in these approaches only considers the between-class margin based on SVM while ignoring the within-class information in data. This paper presents a new DR approach, call- ed the dimensionality reduction based on SVM and LDA （DRSL）. DRSL considers the between-class margins from SVM and LDA, and the within-class compactness from LDA to obtain the projection matrix. As a result, DRSL can realize the combination of the between-class and within-class information and fit the between-class and within-class structures in data. Hence, the obtained projection matrix increases the generalization ability of subsequent classification techniques. Experiments applied to classification techniques show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60472060 ,60473039 and 60472061)
文摘Foley-Sammon linear discriminant analysis (FSLDA) and uncorrelated linear discriminant analysis (ULDA) are two well-known kinds of linear discriminant analysis. Both ULDA and FSLDA search the kth discriminant vector in an n-k+1 dimensional subspace, while they are subject to their respective constraints. Evidenced by strict demonstration, it is clear that in essence ULDA vectors are the covariance-orthogonal vectors of the corresponding eigen-equation. So, the algorithms for the covariance-orthogonal vectors are equivalent to the original algorithm of ULDA, which is time-consuming. Also, it is first revealed that the Fisher criterion value of each FSLDA vector must be not less than that of the corresponding ULDA vector by theory analysis. For a discriminant vector, the larger its Fisher criterion value is, the more powerful in discriminability it is. So, for FSLDA vectors, corresponding to larger Fisher criterion values is an advantage. On the other hand, in general any two feature components extracted by FSLDA vectors are statistically correlated with each other, which may make the discriminant vectors set at a disadvantageous position. In contrast to FSLDA vectors, any two feature components extracted by ULDA vectors are statistically uncorrelated with each other. Two experiments on CENPARMI handwritten numeral database and ORL database are performed. The experimental results are consistent with the theory analysis on Fisher criterion values of ULDA vectors and FSLDA vectors. The experiments also show that the equivalent algorithm of ULDA, presented in this paper, is much more efficient than the original algorithm of ULDA, as the theory analysis expects. Moreover, it appears that if there is high statistical correlation between feature components extracted by FSLDA vectors, FSLDA will not perform well, in spite of larger Fisher criterion value owned by every FSLDA vector. However, when the average correlation coefficient of feature components extracted by FSLDA vectors is at a low level, the performance of FSLDA are comparable with ULDA.
基金Project F010206 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to overcome the disadvantages of diagonal connection structures that are complex and for which it is difficult to derive the discriminant of the airflow directions of airways, we have applied a multiple regression method to analyze the effect, of changing the rules of mine airflows, on the stability of a mine ventilation system. The amount of air （ Qj ） is determined for the major airway and an optimum regression equation was derived for Qi as a function of the independent variable （ Ri ）, i.e., the venti- lation resistance between different airways. Therefore, corresponding countermeasures are proposed according to the changes in airflows. The calculated results agree very well with our practical situation, indicating that multiple regression analysis is simple, quick and practical and is therefore an effective method to analyze the stability of mine ventilation systems.
