[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of three kinds of diuretics on the water drinking amount and urination volume of sheep fed with cottonseed hulls. [Method] The method of self-control was adopted...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of three kinds of diuretics on the water drinking amount and urination volume of sheep fed with cottonseed hulls. [Method] The method of self-control was adopted. Five two-year-old male Kazak sheep about 40 kg which never had intake of the feeds containing gossypol were selected. The experiment was divided into five periods, namely the control period, a period with the supplement of 300 mg/d of hydrochlorothiazide, a period with the supplement of 200 mg/d of hydrochlorothiazide, a period with the supplement of 350 mg of GY-01 and a period with the supplement of 200 mg of GY-01. The sheep were fed with the concentrate and the cottonseed hulls in the control period, and corresponding diuretics were supplemented in the rest four periods. The water drinking amount, urination volume and the contents of the hormone and ion in the blood were determined in each period. [Result] After 350 mg GY-01 was supplemented, the water drinking amount of each sheep had an increase of 60.14% compared with that of the sheep in the control period and the urination volume was 2.67 times of that of the latter, and the differences were both significant （P0.01）. The antidiuretic hormone declined by 32.59% compared with that of the sheep in the control period, with the significant difference （P 0.05）. The adrenocorticotropic hormone content increased by 81.93% compared with that of the sheep in the control period and the difference was significant （P0.01）. An increase of 28.04% （P 0.05） and 39.39% （P 0.01） was found in the contents of serum potassium and phosphorus respectively compared with that of sheep in the control period. [Conclusion] The diet with supplement of GY-01 can increase the urination volume of livestock fed with the cottonseed hulls, and the most appropriate supplement amount is 200 mg GY-01.展开更多
Background. Our previous studies indicated that the increased arginine vasopressin(AVP) in ischemic brain regions of gerbils could exacerbate the ischemic brain edema. This experiments is further clarify the relation ...Background. Our previous studies indicated that the increased arginine vasopressin(AVP) in ischemic brain regions of gerbils could exacerbate the ischemic brain edema. This experiments is further clarify the relation between AVP and cerebral ischemia at the molecular level. Methods. The contents of AVP, AVP mRNA, AVP immunoreactive(ir) neurons in supraoptic nucleus(SON) and paraventricular nucleus(PVN) after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion were respectively determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA), immunocytochemistry(ⅡC), situ hybridization and computed image pattern analysis. Results. The contents of AVP in SON, PVN were increased, and the AVP ir positive neurons in SON and PVN were also significantly increased as compared with the controls after ischemia and reperfusion. And there were very light staining of AVP ir positive neurons in the other brain areas such as suprachiasmatic nucleus (SC) and periventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PE), but these have no significant changes as compared with the controls. During different periods of cerebral ischemia (30～120 min) and reperfusion (30 min), AVP mRNA expression in SON and PVN were more markedly increased than the controls. Conclusions. The transcription of AVP gene elevated, then promoting synthesis and release of AVP in SON, PVN. Under the specific condition of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, the activity and contents of central AVP increased abnormally is one of the important factors which causes ischemia brain damage.展开更多
Mongolian gerbils were used as delayed neuronal damage (DNDi animal models. At the end of 15Abstract:Mongolian gerbils were used as delayed neuronal damage (DND)animal models. At the end of 15 minute cerebral ischemi...Mongolian gerbils were used as delayed neuronal damage (DNDi animal models. At the end of 15Abstract:Mongolian gerbils were used as delayed neuronal damage (DND)animal models. At the end of 15 minute cerebral ischemia and at various reperfusion time ranging from 1 to 96 hours, the content of water and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the CA1 sector of hippocampus were measured by the specific gravity method and radioimmunoassay. Furthermore, we also examined the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of AVP, AVP antiserum on calcium, Na+, K+-ATPase activrty in the CA1 sector after ischemia and 96 hour reperfusion. The results showed that AVP contents of CA1 sector of hippocampus during 6 to 96 hour recirculation, and the water content of CA1 sector during 24 to 96 hour were significantly and continuously increased. After ICV inJection of AVP, the water content and calcium in CA1 sector of hippocampus at cerebral ischemia and 96 hour recirculation further increased, and the Na+, K+- ATPase activity in CA1 sector was remarkably decreased as compared with that of control. While ICV injection of AVP antiserum, the water content and calcium in CA1 sector were significantly decreased as com pared with that of control. These suggested that AVP was involved in the pathophysiologic process of DND in hippocampus following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Its mechanism might be through the change of intracellular action mediated by specific AVP receptor to lead to Ca ions over-load of neuron and inhibit the Na+, K+- ATPase activity , thereby to exacerbate the DND in hippocampus.展开更多
Objective： To evaluate plasma arginine vasopressin （AVP） level in patients with traumatic brain injury and investigate the role of AVP in the process of brain edema. Methods ： A total of 30 patients with traumatic...Objective： To evaluate plasma arginine vasopressin （AVP） level in patients with traumatic brain injury and investigate the role of AVP in the process of brain edema. Methods ： A total of 30 patients with traumatic brain injury were involved in our study. They were divided into two groups by Glasgow Coma Scale： severe tranmatic brain injury group （ STBI, GCS ≤ 8 ） and moderate traumatic brain injury group （ MTBI, GCS 〉 8 ）. Samples of venous blood were collected in the morning at rest from 15 healthy volunteers （control group）and within 24 h after traumatic brain injury from these patients for AVP determinations by radioimmunoassay. The severity and duration of the brain edema were estimated by head CT scan. Results： plasma AVP levels （ng/L） were （mean± SD） control, 3.06 ± 1.49; MTBI, 38. 12 ± 7. 25; andSTBI, 66. 61 ± 17. 10. The plasma level of AVP was significantly increased within 24 h after traumatic brain injury and followed by the reduction of GCS, suggesting the deterioration of cerebral injury （ P 〈 0.01 ）. And the AVP level was correlated with the severity （ STBI r = 0. 919, P 〈 0.01 ; MTBI r = 0. 724, P 〈 0.01 ） and the duration of brain edema （STBI r =0.790, P 〈0.01; MTBI r =0.712, P〈0.01）. Conclusions. The plasma AVP level is dosely associated with the severity of traumatic brain injury. AVP may play an important role in pathogenesis of brain edema after traumatic brain injury.展开更多
基金Supported by the Technology Development and Integration Model of Dairy Industry in Northwest of National Key Technology R&D Program(2006BAD04A11-06)during the Eleventh Five-Yearthe "Standardized Raising of Beef Cattle and Mutton Sheep" of the Eleventh Five-Year Major Projects in Autonomous Regions(200731135-2)+1 种基金the "Technology Development and Integration Model of Dairy Industry" of the Eleventh Five-Year Major Projects in Autonomous Regions(200731134)Science and Technology Projects for Green Food of Science and Technology Department of Xinjiang(200631107)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of three kinds of diuretics on the water drinking amount and urination volume of sheep fed with cottonseed hulls. [Method] The method of self-control was adopted. Five two-year-old male Kazak sheep about 40 kg which never had intake of the feeds containing gossypol were selected. The experiment was divided into five periods, namely the control period, a period with the supplement of 300 mg/d of hydrochlorothiazide, a period with the supplement of 200 mg/d of hydrochlorothiazide, a period with the supplement of 350 mg of GY-01 and a period with the supplement of 200 mg of GY-01. The sheep were fed with the concentrate and the cottonseed hulls in the control period, and corresponding diuretics were supplemented in the rest four periods. The water drinking amount, urination volume and the contents of the hormone and ion in the blood were determined in each period. [Result] After 350 mg GY-01 was supplemented, the water drinking amount of each sheep had an increase of 60.14% compared with that of the sheep in the control period and the urination volume was 2.67 times of that of the latter, and the differences were both significant （P0.01）. The antidiuretic hormone declined by 32.59% compared with that of the sheep in the control period, with the significant difference （P 0.05）. The adrenocorticotropic hormone content increased by 81.93% compared with that of the sheep in the control period and the difference was significant （P0.01）. An increase of 28.04% （P 0.05） and 39.39% （P 0.01） was found in the contents of serum potassium and phosphorus respectively compared with that of sheep in the control period. [Conclusion] The diet with supplement of GY-01 can increase the urination volume of livestock fed with the cottonseed hulls, and the most appropriate supplement amount is 200 mg GY-01.
文摘Background. Our previous studies indicated that the increased arginine vasopressin(AVP) in ischemic brain regions of gerbils could exacerbate the ischemic brain edema. This experiments is further clarify the relation between AVP and cerebral ischemia at the molecular level. Methods. The contents of AVP, AVP mRNA, AVP immunoreactive(ir) neurons in supraoptic nucleus(SON) and paraventricular nucleus(PVN) after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion were respectively determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA), immunocytochemistry(ⅡC), situ hybridization and computed image pattern analysis. Results. The contents of AVP in SON, PVN were increased, and the AVP ir positive neurons in SON and PVN were also significantly increased as compared with the controls after ischemia and reperfusion. And there were very light staining of AVP ir positive neurons in the other brain areas such as suprachiasmatic nucleus (SC) and periventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PE), but these have no significant changes as compared with the controls. During different periods of cerebral ischemia (30～120 min) and reperfusion (30 min), AVP mRNA expression in SON and PVN were more markedly increased than the controls. Conclusions. The transcription of AVP gene elevated, then promoting synthesis and release of AVP in SON, PVN. Under the specific condition of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, the activity and contents of central AVP increased abnormally is one of the important factors which causes ischemia brain damage.
文摘Mongolian gerbils were used as delayed neuronal damage (DNDi animal models. At the end of 15Abstract:Mongolian gerbils were used as delayed neuronal damage (DND)animal models. At the end of 15 minute cerebral ischemia and at various reperfusion time ranging from 1 to 96 hours, the content of water and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the CA1 sector of hippocampus were measured by the specific gravity method and radioimmunoassay. Furthermore, we also examined the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of AVP, AVP antiserum on calcium, Na+, K+-ATPase activrty in the CA1 sector after ischemia and 96 hour reperfusion. The results showed that AVP contents of CA1 sector of hippocampus during 6 to 96 hour recirculation, and the water content of CA1 sector during 24 to 96 hour were significantly and continuously increased. After ICV inJection of AVP, the water content and calcium in CA1 sector of hippocampus at cerebral ischemia and 96 hour recirculation further increased, and the Na+, K+- ATPase activity in CA1 sector was remarkably decreased as compared with that of control. While ICV injection of AVP antiserum, the water content and calcium in CA1 sector were significantly decreased as com pared with that of control. These suggested that AVP was involved in the pathophysiologic process of DND in hippocampus following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Its mechanism might be through the change of intracellular action mediated by specific AVP receptor to lead to Ca ions over-load of neuron and inhibit the Na+, K+- ATPase activity , thereby to exacerbate the DND in hippocampus.
文摘Objective： To evaluate plasma arginine vasopressin （AVP） level in patients with traumatic brain injury and investigate the role of AVP in the process of brain edema. Methods ： A total of 30 patients with traumatic brain injury were involved in our study. They were divided into two groups by Glasgow Coma Scale： severe tranmatic brain injury group （ STBI, GCS ≤ 8 ） and moderate traumatic brain injury group （ MTBI, GCS 〉 8 ）. Samples of venous blood were collected in the morning at rest from 15 healthy volunteers （control group）and within 24 h after traumatic brain injury from these patients for AVP determinations by radioimmunoassay. The severity and duration of the brain edema were estimated by head CT scan. Results： plasma AVP levels （ng/L） were （mean± SD） control, 3.06 ± 1.49; MTBI, 38. 12 ± 7. 25; andSTBI, 66. 61 ± 17. 10. The plasma level of AVP was significantly increased within 24 h after traumatic brain injury and followed by the reduction of GCS, suggesting the deterioration of cerebral injury （ P 〈 0.01 ）. And the AVP level was correlated with the severity （ STBI r = 0. 919, P 〈 0.01 ; MTBI r = 0. 724, P 〈 0.01 ） and the duration of brain edema （STBI r =0.790, P 〈0.01; MTBI r =0.712, P〈0.01）. Conclusions. The plasma AVP level is dosely associated with the severity of traumatic brain injury. AVP may play an important role in pathogenesis of brain edema after traumatic brain injury.
