走向成熟的中国新闻摄影——’93新闻摄影奖(石利洛杯)评选概述

中国新闻摄影日臻成熟。10多年的艰辛奋斗,10多年的热情培育,广大摄影记者和摄影爱好者终于看到了心中的希望逐渐变成璀璨的现实。这是我目睹了由中国记协国内部和《人民摄影》报社主办的’93新闻摄影奖(石利洛杯)评选过程的最大感受。 走向成熟的中国新闻摄影的最显著标志是,我们曾为之呐喊的新闻意识大大增强。广大摄影记者和爱好者从传统的宣传摄影模式中解脱出来,把自己的目光和身躯投入到新闻事件、社会生活、自然环境的各个角落,发现和捕捉那些人们欲知而未知的鲜活事物的鲜活形象。1993年中国大陆发生的所有重大事件在这次的3000幅(组)来稿中几乎无一遗漏地得到反映。

株洲硬质合金厂新引进一台回转还原炉

最近,株洲硬质合金厂从德国艾利洛工业炉公司引进一台回转还原炉(含氢气净化系统)。这种回转还原炉与我国目前使用的推进式还原炉相比,具有密封性能好、自动化程度高、收尘系统好、实收率高、劳动强度低等优点,是目前世界上最先进的设备。

哪种放松运动强度和运动方式能最快消除血液中的乳酸

以往的研究证明,在比赛或训练后的恢复阶段中,进行适当的活动比静止休息能更有效地消除血液中的乳酸,从而支持了比赛或训练后进行放松活动的理论。可是怎样才能使消除血液乳酸中的效率达到最佳化?有的提出达到最大吸氧量60～80％的较强些的放松运动最合适。为此,美国伊利洛州大学体育健康研究室进行了一系列测试,研究(1)哪种强度的放松运动为最佳;(2)运动方式(骑自行车与跑)是否会影响最佳消除血液中乳酸的运动强度。

Preparation and bioavailability in healthy volunteers of cefaclor modified-release capsules

Aim To investigate whether modified-release cefaclor capsules could lead to a more suitable pharmacokinetic profile in the plasma. Methods Cefaclor pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization and coated by Eudragit L30D-55 or Eudragit NE30D, then the two sorts of pellets were filled to capsules in a 35：65 ratio to made a modified-release （MR） capsules. The bioavailability of the MR capsules was studied in 24 healthy volunteers after oral administration in a fast state using a commercially available immediate release （IR） capsule as a reference. Results The results showed that the MR formulation had a relatively good bioavailability compared with the commercial capsules, as well as a longer time keeping drug level above MIC than immediate release capsule. The relative bioavailability of the MR capsules was 97.4- 12.1%. Conclusion The data of the present study indicate that time of cefaclor plasma concentration above MIC can be substantially prolonged if cefaclor is administered as a modified- release product.

Pharmacokinetics and Absolute Bioavailability of the Sublingual Naloxone Hydrochloride Tablet in Dogs

The pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of the sublingual naloxone tablet were studied with HPLC-electrochemical detection. Eight male dogs received single 5 mg dose of naloxone intravenously, the plasma concentration-time curves could be fitted to two-compartment open model, with 12.0 min of t1/2( , 143.4 min of t1/2( and 7.92 mg(min/L of AUC. The same eight dogs received 5 mg dose of the sublingual naloxone tablet after an interval of a week. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were: t1/2ka = 11.0 min, t1/2( = 15.4 min, t1/2( = 164.1 min, Tmax = 27.7 min, Cmax = 34.2 ng / ml, and AUC = 6.79 mg(min / L, respectively. The plasma concentration-time curves were fitted to the first order absorption two-compartment open model also. The mean absolute bioavailability of the sublingual naloxone tablet was 86.8 ( 10.9%. No statistically significant differences were found with t1/2(, t1/2(, ( and ( between the two routes of administration. These results indicated that the course of disposition for naloxone in dogs was similar for the two routes of administration, and the absolute bioavailability of the sublingual naloxone tablet was high. Thus satisfactory clinical effects could be expected.

Charlotte Bronte＇s writing career： The consistent ambiguity of gender

Although many Chinese scholars have concentrated on Jane Eyre, yet few of them have made research on the other works of Charlotte Bronte. This paper will analyze Jane Eyre, Shirley and Villette in terms of ambiguity of gender, in order to disclose the writing career of Charlotte and the influence that she has placed on the latter women writers.

Evaluating the treatment of E-waste──a case study of discarded refrigerators

Disassembly and recycling of E-waste creates a series of environmental problems. The selection of a technologically reliable, environmentally friendly, economically affordable and socially acceptable recycling technology for E-waste is a significant question. This study establishes a Monte-Carlo mathematical model of cost minimization, given the constraints of environmentally sound handling of the e-waste, in the context of Crystal Ball risk assessment and evaluation software. By following the streams of the different treatment processes, which consist of various technologies including disassembly, recycling and disposal, the econom-ics of various possibilities were identified and the optimal recycling technology proposed. The key factors of the proposed scenarios were determined by using sensitivity analysis. The results of this study show that, for discarded refrigerators, the operating life span plays the key role. The model supports maintenance and resale of the short lived refrigerators. For the longer lived refrigerators material recycling is recommended by the model. Sensitivity analysis shows that purchase cost, plastic sale price, condenser sale price and disassembly costs are the main effects. This study provides a significant technical support for policy making in E-waste management.

Integration Approach to Studying of Regional Music Cultures --On an Example of the Eastern Europe

The paper based on the proposed integrative approach to studying music cultures of the Eastern Europe. Come to light the factors of integration promoting interference and enrichment of national musical cultures. The region of national composer schools actively joined in world art process in the second half of the 19th century （Czechia, Poland, and Hungary） and in the 20th century （Bulgaria, Slovakia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, and Macedonia） Theme of this paper is to identify the basic principles of this region. The purpose of the work, defining features of the musical cultures of the Eastern European region as a whole, also here highlights the commonality of the creative ideas of representatives of the region--Bartok, Janachek, Martinu, etc.. Method of developing is defined by their orientation to the disclosure of topic. The paper used the comparative-typological and integrated approaches and methods of analysis

Soil Monitoring System as a Basic Tool for Protection of Soils and Sustainable Land Use in Slovakia

The purpose of soil monitoring system in Slovakia is better to protect the soils with regard to sustainable land use. The main objective is the observation of soil properties concerning the main threats to soil： soil contamination, salinisation and sodification, decline in soil organic matter （SOM）, soil compaction and erosion. Soil monitoring system in Slovakia is consistently running since 1993. Its importance consists of providing the information on changing spatial and temporal variations of soil parameters as well as the evolution of soil quality in topsoil and subsoil. Soil monitoring network in Slovakia is constructed using ecological principles, taking into account all main soil types and subtypes, SOM, climatic regions, emission regions, polluted and non-polluted regions as well as various land use. The results of soil monitoring of 318 sites on agricultural land in Slovakia have been presented. Soil properties are evaluated according to the main threats to soil relating to European Commission recommendation for European soil monitoring performance as follows： soil contamination, soil salinization and sodification, decline in SOM, soil compaction and erosion. The most significant change has been determined in physical properties of soils. The physical degradation was especially manifested in compacted and the eroded soils. About 50% of agricultural land is potentially affected by soil erosion in Slovakia. In addition, decline in SOM and available nutrients indicate the serious facts on evaluation and extension of soil degradation processes during the last period in Slovakia. Obtained measured data and required outputs are reported to Joint Research Centre （JRC） in lspra （Italy） and European Environmental Agency （EEA） in Copenhagen （Denmark）. Finally, soil monitoring system thus becomes a basic tool for protection of soils and sustainable land use as well as for the creation of legislatives not only in Slovakia, but in EU, too.

＂Love of Life＂ Versus ＂Love of Death＂： A Frommian Perspective on Middle Passage

According to Fromm, the life instinct constitutes the primary potentiality in man, while the death instinct a secondary potentiality, and which of the two prevails depending crucially on the living conditions that the subject experiences during his or her childhood. Not limited to the individual level, Fromm＇s observation works on the collective level as well. Different environments foster different potentialities and lead to the formation of different cultures and ethics. A biophilic ethics treasures the value of love, peace, reciprocal altruism and unity of being, while a biophobic ethics is more addicted to hatred, violence, dualistic confrontation, and mutual destruction. Appling Fromm＇s theory to the interpretation of Charles Johnson＇s Middle Passage, readers can get a newly enlightened understanding of this award-winning masterpiece. Based on Fromm＇s hypothesis about human nature, this article analyzes the representation of the confrontations between the biophobic ethics and the biophilic ethics in this novel, the former being embodied by Captain Falcon＇s ＂syndrome of decay＂ which is also Johnson＇s critical metaphor of Western civilization, while the latter embodied by the Allmuseri culture＇s ＂syndrome of growth＂ which represents Johnson＇s idealistic imagination of the sum of non-Western civilization

Avalanche Warning Service without Frontiers in the Karawanks along the Slovenian-Austrian Border

The avalanche warning service was established within the operational European territorial cooperation program Slovenia-Austria （SI-AT） 2007-2013 project ＂Natural Hazards without Frontiers＂. Four institutes, two from Austria and two from Slovenia, work together to publish an avalanche report during the winter season. The first regular season was the winter 2012/2013. The avalanche and the slab avalanche situation in the transnational area along the 160 km border between the south of Austria and north of Slovenia show major differences of avalanche building weather situations. Because of the nearby sea in the southwest of Slovenia, the prevailing weather situations for high precipitation are coming from southwest or southeast. Nevertheless sometimes a lot of fresh snow occurs at northerly weather situations, which is unusual for Slovenian Alps and is therefore poorly forecasted for this region. Austrian avalanche experts are facing the same problems at southerly weather situations. Hence, an exchange of experience, weather data as well as model information improves the avalanche warning on both sides of the Austrian-Slovenian border.

Drug-Drug Interaction Studies of Levocetirizine with Atenolol

The objective of the study was to evaluate the drug-drug interaction studies of levoceterizine with atenolol. Calibration curve studies of working standard solutions of levocetirizine and atenolol （0.01-0.1 mmol） were scanned. Maxima appeared at 231 nm for levocetirizine and 224 nm for atenolol. The calibration curve obeyed Beer Lambert＇s Law. Lone availabilities of both the drugs were studied in pH 1, pH 4, pH 7.4 and pH 9 at 37℃ on B.P. （British Pharmacopoeia） dissolution apparatus. To study the drug-drug interaction of levocetirizine （5 mg tablet） and atenolol （100 mg tablet）, both the drugs were introduced to the dissolution apparatus in simulated gastric juice （pH 1）, pH 4, pH 7.4 and pH 9 at 37℃ at zero time and measured the absorbance maxima of both the drugs at the corresponding wavelength. Graphs were plotted for availability percentage （%） of drug versus time at each set of experiment. The availability percentage （%） of levocetirizine in the buffers of pH simulated to gastric pH 4, pH 7.4 and pH 9 in the presence of atenolol was 436.78%, 376.90%, 436.78% and 436.78%, respectively, but the availability of atenolol was increased up to 214.80%, 212.96%, 214.93% and 231.51% in simulated to gastric pH and in the buffers ofpH 4, pH 7.4 and pH 9, respectively. On the basis of these studies, it is concluded that levocetirizine forms a charge-complex with atenolol; therefore, co-administration of these drugs should be avoided.

A front-end automation tool supporting design, verification and reuse of SOC

This paper describes an in-house developed language tool called VPerl used in developing a 250 MHz 32-bit high-performance low power embedded CPU core. The authors showed that use of this tool can compress the Verilog code by more than a factor of 5, increase the efficiency of the front-end design, reduce the bug rate significantly. This tool can be used to enhance the reusability of an intellectual property model, and facilitate porting design for different platforms.

Concentration Analysis of the Hungarian Mangalica Pig Stock

In the animal raising sector of Hungary, the indigenious and special Hungarian product called Mangalica pig has a special significance. Some descriptions were made about the species but the concentration of this segment has not been examined, that is why the aim of the researchers is to analyse the concentration of the Mangalica population on the basis of various statistical methods in the last 10 years. The certain concentration indexes were the following the concentration ratio, the Lorenz-curve, the Gini-coefficient, the Herfindahl-index and the redundancy index. Through the analysis we realised that from 2000 a kind of concentration started, which in case of the concentration ratio, the Lorenz-curve and the Gini-coefficient were in 2001 and 2003 of the highest ratio. The Herfindal-index and redundancy index showed that the years of 2000 and 2002 were the most significant, because of a number of large-scale producers started their activities or developed their stocks in these years. On the basis of the results, it can be stated that in the years before the application and after the recession the concentration of the stock was instable, while at the beginning of the supporting period until the crisis the appearance of large-scale firms became equal but basically according to every index the concentration in the examined years was approximately average.

Flocculation of the Moroccan phosphates slimes

In Morocco, the phosphate industry generates by washing during the ore beneficiation in humid way, big quantities of sludge loaded in fine mineral particles （or slimes） with contents of water in the order of 90-95%. The specific consumption in water for the beneficiation of one tone of dry ore is approximately 0.6 m3. The management of this sludge and the recycling of process water are played to a schema of solid-liquid separation by flocculation, settling then stocking in basins of several dozens hectares. Recovered clear waters are recycled into the circuit of washing. The principal motivation of this work which is a part of EL MAA project is dedicated to the study of the impact of the speed of agitation on the flocculation behavior in terms of dewatering of the phosphate slimes and recycling of the process water. Study was driven on sample of slimes taken in entrance of the thickeners of a Moroccan washing plants, before flocculation. The raw slimes have a concentration in solid of 75.5 g·L^-1, a P205 grade of 17.3% and a free settling velocity 9 cm·h^-1. Fine fraction -2 μm, responsible for the poor settling of slimes is composed in practice of nearly 96% of smectite. It represents 9% of the dry solid content in the slimes. Measurements reveal important variations of the granulometric and textural properties of large floes in response to flocculation, opening ways of optimization for the velocity gradient.

保社会党大选获胜

索非亚专电 保加利亚全国大选经过6月10日和17日两轮投票已告结束。前身为保加利亚共产党的社会党以47.15％的多数票击败了竞选对手——保加利亚民主力量联盟,成为议会中的第一大党,从而保住了执政党的地位,并将领头组织新政府。 成立8个多月、由16个组织组成的民主力量联盟,在大选中赢得36.2％的选票。

第三届尼康奖摄影比赛揭晓

由新华社《摄影世界》杂志社,中央电视台、香港石利洛洋行和尼康香港有限公司联合举办的第三届尼康奖摄影比赛在北京揭晓,并于6月22日在中国美术馆举行发奖和影展开幕式。这次比赛共有15160幅作品参赛,其中《老山·丁卯·清明》(王建民摄)、《同胞兄弟情》

2004高校影响力人物

刘翔: 用脑子奔跑他用12秒91的瞬间,跃升为最耀眼的青春偶像。本刊更关注的则是他的大学生身份。华东师范大学同意推荐他博硕连读,更是让我们看到了民族体育崛起的新指向。当我们在指责中国足球不用脑子踢球的时候,高学历的刘翔已经开始用脑子奔跑。 2008,博士生运动员刘翔将让我们更多感受"脑子体育"的新概念。

追求最极致的画质 专访卡尔·蔡司Ken Nagate

4月23日,石利洛在京召开新品推介会,会上对外发布了多支卡尔·蔡司镜头新品,同时旗下的Otus、Touit、CZ.2/CP.2几大系列的镜头也悉数亮相,为了更加深入的了解这些镜头,我们对来自卡尔·蔡司的高层Ken Nagate(长手健)先生进行了独家专访。