Performic acid （PFA） is an oxidant used in chemical processing, synthesis and bleaching. The macro kinetic models of synthesis, hydrolysis and decomposition of PFA were investigated via formic acid-autocatalyzed rea...Performic acid （PFA） is an oxidant used in chemical processing, synthesis and bleaching. The macro kinetic models of synthesis, hydrolysis and decomposition of PFA were investigated via formic acid-autocatalyzed reaction. It was found that the intrinsic activation energies of PFA synthesis and hydrolysis were 75.2 kJ·mol^-1 and 40.4 kJ·mol^-1 respectively. The observed activation energy of PFA decomposition was 95.4 kJ·mol^-1. The experi-mental results indicated that the decomposition of PFA was liable to occur even at the ambient temperature. Both the spontaneous decomposition and the radical-introduced decomposition contributed to the decomposition of PFA.展开更多
Along with the more and more attention from people to the environmental problems, people constantly attach higher and higher importance to the environmental accounting. In this paper, the disadvantages of environmenta...Along with the more and more attention from people to the environmental problems, people constantly attach higher and higher importance to the environmental accounting. In this paper, the disadvantages of environmental accounting system are analyzed, and also corresponding measures for transforming the disadvantages are proposed.展开更多
External Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting （CSER） finds its raison d＇etre in corporations＇ search for both a license to operate and accountability towards society. This suggests a relationship between c...External Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting （CSER） finds its raison d＇etre in corporations＇ search for both a license to operate and accountability towards society. This suggests a relationship between corporations and society. In this study, that relationship is analyzed, specifically the relationship between levels of CSER and economic institutions. A strong link with institutions is an outcome of institutionalization. The economic institutions applied are economic freedom and legal origin as a proxy for national corporate governance systems. The results of this descriptive study show associations between CSER levels and economic freedom. CSER is also related to national corporate governance systems through legal origin. CSER appears to be institutionalized, or in any case, corporations seem to be aware of the economic institutionalization of CSER.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the stereotyped writing criticism genre during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Eightpartessay writing is a comprehensive strong style, its four topics from the fi ve class...In this paper, we conduct research on the stereotyped writing criticism genre during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Eightpartessay writing is a comprehensive strong style, its four topics from the fi ve classics, and its basic form is gradually formed in the evolutionof the core imperial examination in China. Review especially on origin, teachers not only with the righteousness that try post poems strategy isso far producing precious examination style also with basic prose. Although some scholars also mentioned as this period literature genre thatpresents regional features mainly by the local cultural history environment, family relations, economic basis and other factors, but ignores theliterature community in the form of the regional literature genre has played important role in the general process. Under this basis, this paperproposes the novel ideals on the corresponding issues that will help understand and analyzes the characteristics of stereotyped writing more.展开更多
基金Supported by the International Cooperation Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2010DFB40170)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2011CB707406)
文摘Performic acid （PFA） is an oxidant used in chemical processing, synthesis and bleaching. The macro kinetic models of synthesis, hydrolysis and decomposition of PFA were investigated via formic acid-autocatalyzed reaction. It was found that the intrinsic activation energies of PFA synthesis and hydrolysis were 75.2 kJ·mol^-1 and 40.4 kJ·mol^-1 respectively. The observed activation energy of PFA decomposition was 95.4 kJ·mol^-1. The experi-mental results indicated that the decomposition of PFA was liable to occur even at the ambient temperature. Both the spontaneous decomposition and the radical-introduced decomposition contributed to the decomposition of PFA.
文摘Along with the more and more attention from people to the environmental problems, people constantly attach higher and higher importance to the environmental accounting. In this paper, the disadvantages of environmental accounting system are analyzed, and also corresponding measures for transforming the disadvantages are proposed.
文摘External Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting （CSER） finds its raison d＇etre in corporations＇ search for both a license to operate and accountability towards society. This suggests a relationship between corporations and society. In this study, that relationship is analyzed, specifically the relationship between levels of CSER and economic institutions. A strong link with institutions is an outcome of institutionalization. The economic institutions applied are economic freedom and legal origin as a proxy for national corporate governance systems. The results of this descriptive study show associations between CSER levels and economic freedom. CSER is also related to national corporate governance systems through legal origin. CSER appears to be institutionalized, or in any case, corporations seem to be aware of the economic institutionalization of CSER.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the stereotyped writing criticism genre during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Eightpartessay writing is a comprehensive strong style, its four topics from the fi ve classics, and its basic form is gradually formed in the evolutionof the core imperial examination in China. Review especially on origin, teachers not only with the righteousness that try post poems strategy isso far producing precious examination style also with basic prose. Although some scholars also mentioned as this period literature genre thatpresents regional features mainly by the local cultural history environment, family relations, economic basis and other factors, but ignores theliterature community in the form of the regional literature genre has played important role in the general process. Under this basis, this paperproposes the novel ideals on the corresponding issues that will help understand and analyzes the characteristics of stereotyped writing more.
