平衡与发展:中国自然保护地设置与农业生产保障的制度经济史解读

本文对我国近现代百余年间自然保护地制度的历史变迁及其经济机制进行了梳理,以期为理解我国当前自然保护问题的现状及其与农业生产保障之间的内在演进机制提供一个制度经济史层面的解释。在溯源民国时期自然保护萌芽的基础上,将新中国成立以后自然保护地制度的历史演变划分为五个阶段,同时,应用“DSR”分析框架梳理了不同时期制度演变的阶段特征和基本逻辑;在此基础上,运用制度经济学理论结合制度演变过程中特定主体的行为特征,解读这一历史变迁内在的经济机制。研究认为,我国的自然保护和农业发展始终紧密地交织在一起,对农业生产加以保障是促进自然保护地制度变迁重要的内在因素之一,二者的有机统一对提升我国农业现代化水平、保障农业生态环境等具有重要意义。最后,研究基于对制度变迁逻辑的反思,从强化自然保护和农业经济发展、协调公众参与和政府管控等方面提出了相关制度发展的建议。

东西方社会长期的制度变迁出现轨迹分叉机理的探析——“格瑞夫假说”及其评价

在长期的制度变迁过程中 ,东西方出现了轨迹分叉 ,美国斯坦福大学的艾夫纳·格瑞夫教授从文化传统与制度变迁的关系入手 ,对其根源进行了深入细致的历史比较制度分析 ,并形成“格瑞夫假说”。其理论既具有历史意义又具有其局限性 ,就此进行分析与评价。

The transformation of China＇s economic and government functions

The content of China＇s economic transformation is not single, and this article argues that it includes three parts. The first is the reform of economic system, the second is the change in the pattern of economic growth, and the third is the adjustment of economic structure. Government is the leading force of China＇s economic transformation, and repeated reform of government institutions has brought about some changes to government functions. But problems are obvious that lag changes of government functions have become an obstacle in China＇s economic transformation. This article describes the historical evolution and the reality of China＇s economic transformation, and analyzes the main reasons of lag changes in government functions, and reveals that the transformation of government functions is the key for successful transformation of China＇s economy.