Spatial Patterns of Car Sales and Their Socio-economic Attributes in China

Using data from the Economic Advisory Center of the State Information Center(SIC), we examined the spatial patterns of car sales in China at the prefectural level in 2012. We first analyzed the spatial distributions of car sales of different kinds of automakers(foreign automakers, Sino-foreign joint automakers, and Chinese automakers), and then identified spatial clusters using the local Moran's indexes. Location quotient analysis was applied to examine the relative advantage of each type of automaker in the local markets. To explain the variations of car sales across cities, we collected several socioeconomic variables and conducted regression analyses. Further, factor analysis was used to extract independent variables to avoid the problem of multicollinearity. By incorporating a spatial lag or spatial error in the models, we calibrated our spatial regression models to address the spatial dependence problem. The analytical results show that car sales varied significantly across cities in China, and most of the cities with higher car sales were the developed cities. Different automakers exhibit diverse spatial patterns in terms of car sales volume, spatial clusters, and location quotients. The scale and incomes factor were extracted and verified as the two most significant and positive factors that shape the spatial distributions of car sales, and together with the spatial effect, explained most of the variations of car sales across cities.

Spatial modulation for electronic speckle patterns and its demodulation

A spatial modulation method for electronic speckle patterns is presented.Carrier fringes are produced by object tilting and the phase field of deformation is demodulated by Fourier transform.The principle is discussed.The system and some typical experimental results are offered.The results prove that by using object tilting method speckle patterns can be modulated very well and the out-of displacement of an object can be obtained effectively.

Liquid Crystal Television Spatial Light Modulator

The liquid crystal television spatial light modulator (LCTVSLM) characterized is usable in optical processing applications,e.g.,optical pattern recognition,associative memory, optical computing,correlation detection and optical data processing systems.The array performance and real-time optical correlation applications are reviewed.

Chaos Synchronization of Nonlinear Bloch Equations Based on Input-to-State Stable Control

In this paper, we propose a new input-to-state stable （ISS） synchronization method for chaotic behavior in nonlinear Bloch equations with external disturbance. Based on Lyapunov theory and linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach, for the first time, the ISS synchronization controller is presented to not only guarantee the asymptotic synchronization but also achieve the bounded synchronization error for any bounded disturbance. The proposed controller can be obtained by solving a convex optimization problem represented by the LMI. Simulation study is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization scheme.

生存空间与欲望展示台——论1980年代《联合文学》的台北书写

作为台湾三大纯文学期刊之一的《联合文学》,具有自觉且浓郁的都市视野与台北关怀。其1980年代的台北书写直接引领了这一时期台湾的都市书写流向,具体表现为三种书写策略,即制式化的整体台北书写、主体化的区域空间书写、眷村与公寓社区生态书写。这三种空间书写都指向都市通属特征,台北被刻镂为单纯的生存空间与欲望展示台,极富世纪末色彩。

Pattern and mechanism of urban spatial growth in Nanjing City, 1979-2007

Urban spatial growth has become a hot topic of geographic science and urban research. Exploring the patterns and mechanisms of urban growth is the prerequisite to understand the urbanization process of China. The paper provides a spatial analysis method of using Remote Sensing （RS） and Geographic Information System （GIS）. and presents major patterns and mechanisms of urban spatial growth during the period from 1979 to 2007 in Nanjing City. Firstly, the paper introohwes the data, study area and methodology of the research. Then. the patterns of urban spatial growth are identified Subsequently, the main mechanisms of urban spatial growth are analyzed Finally some conclusions are drawn definitely. The features of urban spatial growth in Nanjing are as follows： during 1979-1988, urban spatial growth of each district was stow. and the inner growth was in excess of suburban growth; during the period of 1988-2000. urban growth of suburban was in excess of inner city. the most insensitive growth appeared in the southeast, and the growth of each aspect was relatively insensitive expect ecst and west; during the period of 2000-2007, urban growth of suburban was violent, the most insensitive growth appeared in the southeast. and the urban growth of each direction was insensitive except the west. The mechanisms of urban spatial growth are complex, the main ones of which are social and economic development. Besides. the guiding of urban planning and influence of urban spatial structure are quite obvious.

Spontaneous T-symmetry breaking and exceptional points in cavity quantum electrodynamics systems

Spontaneous symmetry breaking has revolutionized the understanding in numerous fields of modern physics. Here, we theoretically demonstrate the spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system in which an atomic ensemble interacts coherently with a single resonant cavity mode. The interacting system can be effectively described by two coupled oscillators with positive and negative mass, when the two-level atoms are prepared in their excited states. The occurrence of symmetry breaking is controlled by the atomic detuning and the coupling to the cavity mode,which naturally divides the parameter space into the symmetry broken and symmetry unbroken phases.The two phases are separated by a spectral singularity, a so-called exceptional point, where the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian coalesce. When encircling the singularity in the parameter space, the quasiadiabatic dynamics shows chiral mode switching which enables topological manipulation of quantum states.

Blind equalization and automatic modulation classification based on subspace for subcarrier MPSK optical communications

Equalization can compensate channel distortion caused by channel multipath effects, and effectively improve convergent of modulation constellation diagram in optical wireless system. In this paper, the subspace blind equalization algorithm is used to preprocess M-ary phase shift keying(MPSK) subcarrier modulation signal in receiver. Mountain clustering is adopted to get the clustering centers of MPSK modulation constellation diagram, and the modulation order is automatically identified through the k-nearest neighbor(KNN) classifier. The experiment has been done under four different weather conditions. Experimental results show that the convergent of constellation diagram is improved effectively after using the subspace blind equalization algorithm, which means that the accuracy of modulation recognition is increased. The correct recognition rate of 16 PSK can be up to 85% in any kind of weather condition which is mentioned in paper. Meanwhile, the correct recognition rate is the highest in cloudy and the lowest in heavy rain condition.

Low order vibration control for structures with highly correlated close modes

For the problem posed by closely spaced modes, this paper defined the MCC (modal correlation criterion) to measure the degree of correlation between close modes. It was proved that structures with certain features tend to have closely clustered modes and the corresponding mode shapes highly correlated. With this understanding, the closed-form expressions for controllability and observability Grammians were adopted to analyze the impacts of actuator/sensor placement on the controllability/observability of highly correlated close modes. On this basis, the problem of actuator/sensor placement, when the optimization criterion is based on modal controllability/observability, was simplified. Moreover, the dimension of the control/measurement vector in independent modal space control for highly correlated close modes was proved to have the potential to be reduced, therefore fewer actuators and sensors were required in this dimension-reduced control strategy. Finally, the desirable vibration suppression for an example structure showed that the theory and methods of this paper were accurate and effective.