China’s Manufacturing Sector,Industrialization and Economic Globalization

By analyzing the development and industrialization of China’s manufacturing industry since reform and opening-up,this paper proposes China has played three roles in economic globalization-as an in-depth participant in specialization of the global manufacturing value chain,as an active facilitator of global inclusive and sustainable industrialization,and as a cooperative innovator in the new industrial revolution.It is significant for comprehensively understanding the role of China in economic globalization.

Research on the Architecture of e-manufacturing and Its Application

This paper introduces the conception of e-manufacturing and puts forward a reference architecture of e-manufacturing.Some features of e-manufacturing and three types of information sharing are discussed.An application for monitoring equipment with e-mail is given.

The Globalisation of Firms as Social Systems

Existing theories of the globalisation of firms fall short of integrating evolutionary, self-reproductive mechanisms. This conceptual paper serves to provide an overview on existing literature in systems theory and to develop a basic framework for the study of evolutionary processes in the globalisation of firms. Ontological, epistemological, and methodological consequences of an evolutionary social systems approach to globalisation will be discussed.

Nisin Use to Control L. innocua in Experimentally Contaminated Gombasek Sausage

Meat is a rich nutrient matrix that provides a suitable environment for proliferation of meat spoilage microbiota and common food-bom pathogens, therefore adequate preservation has to be applied in order to preserve its safety and qualib：. Lantibiotic nisin is not conunonly used in the meat industry, in spite of its beneficial effect in e.g. dairy industry. Theretbre, here, the effect of nisin was searched in traditional fermented sausage Gombasek experimentally contaminated with Listeria innocua Lil strata Ihe antimicrobial effect of nisin was demonstrated by the Lil strain decrease at day 2 （after contamination） with the difference 1.79 logarithmic （log） cycles comparing with the control sausage （CLi）. At week l, the difference 4.14 log cycles was noted in the experimental sausages comparing with CLi sausages with prolonging inhibitory effect up to week 2; although the difference was diminished （1.82 log cycles）; but higher than at day 2, The pH values as well as lactic acid values were not influenced by the nisin treatment （pH value in the reference sausage was 5.0, in CLi 5.7 and in the experimental sausage E, 5.1; amount of lactic acid in t： was 0.099 mmol L^-1： and in CLi 0.107 mmol L^-1）.

Activity Based Costing Adoption Among Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The study examines the extent of adoption of Activity Based Costing （ABC） among naanufacturing companies in Nigeria. The primary data were sourced through questionnaires administered to the Management Accountants of 40 selected manufacturing companies in South Western part of Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the data. The study reveals that inability of the traditional cost systems to provide relevant cost was the most highly ranked reason in their decision to adopt ABC. Traditional methods of allocating overhead were therefore believed to be deficient in terms of improving global competitiveness. Also, 60% of the respondents have adopted ABC due to increased ranges of products, competition and increased overhead. Familiarity with and adoption of ABC was found to be across the manufacturing, more than half of the sample are familiar with it. The 40% of respondents who have not adopted ABC cited the cost and complexity involved with implementation as the main reason in non-adoption. However, cost of implementing ABC was enormous which hinder the small scale manufacturing from adopting it. This result may reflect the fact that larger firms are more likely to have the diverse mix of products or services that makes the use of ABC advantages. Consequently, the study recommends that the companies who have not adopted ABC because of its high cost of implementation should endeavor to consider its adoption because in the long run the benefits derive from it will outweigh its cost. It helps to identify inefficient products, departments and activities and helps to allocate more resources on profitable products. In conclusion, the senior management should also give their utmost support to the implementation and success of ABC.