Amidst growing environmental protection intensity by the Chinese government, this paper investigates the effects of environmental regulation on China＇s industrial pollution treatment productivity and environmental TF...Amidst growing environmental protection intensity by the Chinese government, this paper investigates the effects of environmental regulation on China＇s industrial pollution treatment productivity and environmental TFP. By estimating China＇s pollution treatment productivity between 2001 and 2008 and analyzing environmental regulation intensity and the effects of the relevant factors and pollution treatment productivity using panel data, this paper discovers that （1） pollution treatment productivity contributed a significant share of about 40% to industrial environmental TFP during the investigation period; （2） environmental regulation may not necessarily cause adverse impacts on pollution treatment efficiency and productivity but demonstrates a U-shaped relationship： when the share of pollution treatment cost in industrial value-added is above the range of 3.8%-5.1%, environmental regulation is likely to promote pollution treatment productivity and thus environmental TFP Judging by the estimation result, enhancing environmental protection and expediting the development of ecological civilization are conducive to China ＂s economic transition towards an intensive, efficient, circular, and sustainable development pattern. China＇s current industrial development has the capacity to tolerate a rather demanding level of pollution treatment and management and China needs to further rely on energy conservation and the environmental production industries to promote the progress of pollution treatment technologies.展开更多
Product quality and operation cost control obtain increasing emphases in modern chemical system engineering. To improve the fault detection power of the partial least square (PLS) method for quality control, a new QRP...Product quality and operation cost control obtain increasing emphases in modern chemical system engineering. To improve the fault detection power of the partial least square (PLS) method for quality control, a new QRPV statistic is proposed in terms of the VP (variable importance in projection) indices of monitored process variables, which is significantly advanced over and different from the conventional Q statistic. QRPV is calculated only by the residuals of the remarkable process variables (RPVs). Therefore, it is the dominant relation between quality and RPV not all process variables (as in the case of the conventional PLS) that is monitored by this new VP-PLS (VPLS) method. The combination of QRPV and T2 statistics is applied to the quality and cost control of the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, and weak faults can be detected as quickly as possible. Consequently, the product quality of TE process is guaranteed and operation costs are reduced.展开更多
In this paper, progresses of color maintenance, also known as color shift, in solid-state lighting(SSL) systems are thoroughly reviewed. First, color shift is introduced and a few examples are given from different rea...In this paper, progresses of color maintenance, also known as color shift, in solid-state lighting(SSL) systems are thoroughly reviewed. First, color shift is introduced and a few examples are given from different real-life industrial conditions. Different degradation mechanisms in different parts of the system are also explained. Different materials used as lenses/encapsulants in light-emitting diode(LED)-based products are introduced and their contributions to color shift are discussed. Efforts put into standardization, characterizing, and predicting lumen maintenance are also briefly reviewed in this paper.展开更多
Six sigma was developed as a managing tool for the manufacturing industry to eliminate defects. However, it has received considerable attention over the last five years in service organizations. The paper will point o...Six sigma was developed as a managing tool for the manufacturing industry to eliminate defects. However, it has received considerable attention over the last five years in service organizations. The paper will point out the advantages of implementing six sigma in service organizations through case study analysis. Benefits and challenges of implementing six sigma in service organizations are indicated.展开更多
Nowadays, there are a lot of challenges for global processing in countries economic companies. One of the important reasons is lack of changes that must be with world-class technology for making a competition in indus...Nowadays, there are a lot of challenges for global processing in countries economic companies. One of the important reasons is lack of changes that must be with world-class technology for making a competition in industry, and another important reason is lack of organized distinction for managers. Most of high rank managers don＇t have good points for charging and worry about it. In this essay, there have been excellence organized model of EFQM and Iran national quality award which are compared by a case study, and finally, it has suggested using a native model.展开更多
The previous studies have outlined the major theoretical perspectives that have been developed within the global education of planning development. They have explored the application of these perspectives to the centr...The previous studies have outlined the major theoretical perspectives that have been developed within the global education of planning development. They have explored the application of these perspectives to the central substantive theme emerging from global educational analysis of planning organisation and behaviour, that is, the process of managerial control. This study focuses upon the global educational environment within global management of knowledge and substantive parameters set by the previous studies. It carries out this task in a number of respects. First, it reviews the various explanations that have been offered for the historical development of modern planning--both as a unique organisational form and as a distinctive educational worldview. Second, it considers various conceptions of managerial work that have evolved within educational analysis since the inception of the corporate system enters into global education societies during the early years of the 21st century. Third, it assesses the implications of empirical research on the three major levels of planning that haw： crystallised within contemporary corporate hierarchies. These are made up by the elite group of staffs and senior lecturers, and the middle strata of line workers, who are the superintendents of production. A concluding section evaluates the general contribution educational analysis has made to our understanding of the nature of managerial work.展开更多
In the context of the information age, with the causes of the financial deregulation of the bank in the financial industry competition intensifies, the communication of science and technology advancement, there are in...In the context of the information age, with the causes of the financial deregulation of the bank in the financial industry competition intensifies, the communication of science and technology advancement, there are innovative financial instruments to achieve orgasm. With that, comes the increased risk of commercial banks. China＇ s banking innovation started late, but rapidly develops. More seriously, in the development of the innovation process, there is not enough emphasis on the legal risk, which causes great risks.展开更多
The advent of modern management system separated business owners and managers, resulting that many business owners no longer involve in the operation and management, but employ a specialized management staff to undert...The advent of modern management system separated business owners and managers, resulting that many business owners no longer involve in the operation and management, but employ a specialized management staff to undertake responsibilities of decision-making and business operations. Under the conditions of separation of ownership, the pay given to managers should be linked with their performance. Therefore, it is extremely important to establish a scientific and effective performance evaluation system for managers. Many companies began to try to establish short-term and long-term incentive plan for managers. The purpose is to through the introduction of a new payroll system promote the behavior of managers remaining consistent with corporate benefits. But the real realization of the plan relies on running of performance evaluation system. Only scientific and fair assessment of manager performance can we implement various salary system on only reliable basis, which is the key importance for the manager performance evaluation.展开更多
Non-linear programming analysis suggests that employment effects of minimum wage regulation are the result not only of the regulation itself but also of the external regulatory environment. At a certain level, the reg...Non-linear programming analysis suggests that employment effects of minimum wage regulation are the result not only of the regulation itself but also of the external regulatory environment. At a certain level, the regulatory environment intensifies the effect on employment of minimum wage regulation. Empirical studies based on survey data from 439 enterprises in Guangdong and Fujian show that minimum wage rises had a greater impact on the employment of rural migrant workers in 2008 than in 2007, although no significant change was observed among workers who were permanent urban residents. Further analysis shows that the greater impact on migrant workers derives mainly from the strengthened regulatory environment brought about by the Employment Contracts Law. The permanent urban workforce has not been similarly affected because their interests have been given priority under the dual employment system. This reminds us that the employment effects of the Employment Contracts Law may be realized indirectly through other regulatory measures, including strengthened minimum wage regulation.展开更多
文摘Amidst growing environmental protection intensity by the Chinese government, this paper investigates the effects of environmental regulation on China＇s industrial pollution treatment productivity and environmental TFP. By estimating China＇s pollution treatment productivity between 2001 and 2008 and analyzing environmental regulation intensity and the effects of the relevant factors and pollution treatment productivity using panel data, this paper discovers that （1） pollution treatment productivity contributed a significant share of about 40% to industrial environmental TFP during the investigation period; （2） environmental regulation may not necessarily cause adverse impacts on pollution treatment efficiency and productivity but demonstrates a U-shaped relationship： when the share of pollution treatment cost in industrial value-added is above the range of 3.8%-5.1%, environmental regulation is likely to promote pollution treatment productivity and thus environmental TFP Judging by the estimation result, enhancing environmental protection and expediting the development of ecological civilization are conducive to China ＂s economic transition towards an intensive, efficient, circular, and sustainable development pattern. China＇s current industrial development has the capacity to tolerate a rather demanding level of pollution treatment and management and China needs to further rely on energy conservation and the environmental production industries to promote the progress of pollution treatment technologies.
文摘Product quality and operation cost control obtain increasing emphases in modern chemical system engineering. To improve the fault detection power of the partial least square (PLS) method for quality control, a new QRPV statistic is proposed in terms of the VP (variable importance in projection) indices of monitored process variables, which is significantly advanced over and different from the conventional Q statistic. QRPV is calculated only by the residuals of the remarkable process variables (RPVs). Therefore, it is the dominant relation between quality and RPV not all process variables (as in the case of the conventional PLS) that is monitored by this new VP-PLS (VPLS) method. The combination of QRPV and T2 statistics is applied to the quality and cost control of the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, and weak faults can be detected as quickly as possible. Consequently, the product quality of TE process is guaranteed and operation costs are reduced.
基金project (M71.9.10380) in the framework of the Research Program of the Materials Innovation Institute M2i (www.m2i.nl)
文摘In this paper, progresses of color maintenance, also known as color shift, in solid-state lighting(SSL) systems are thoroughly reviewed. First, color shift is introduced and a few examples are given from different real-life industrial conditions. Different degradation mechanisms in different parts of the system are also explained. Different materials used as lenses/encapsulants in light-emitting diode(LED)-based products are introduced and their contributions to color shift are discussed. Efforts put into standardization, characterizing, and predicting lumen maintenance are also briefly reviewed in this paper.
文摘Six sigma was developed as a managing tool for the manufacturing industry to eliminate defects. However, it has received considerable attention over the last five years in service organizations. The paper will point out the advantages of implementing six sigma in service organizations through case study analysis. Benefits and challenges of implementing six sigma in service organizations are indicated.
文摘Nowadays, there are a lot of challenges for global processing in countries economic companies. One of the important reasons is lack of changes that must be with world-class technology for making a competition in industry, and another important reason is lack of organized distinction for managers. Most of high rank managers don＇t have good points for charging and worry about it. In this essay, there have been excellence organized model of EFQM and Iran national quality award which are compared by a case study, and finally, it has suggested using a native model.
文摘The previous studies have outlined the major theoretical perspectives that have been developed within the global education of planning development. They have explored the application of these perspectives to the central substantive theme emerging from global educational analysis of planning organisation and behaviour, that is, the process of managerial control. This study focuses upon the global educational environment within global management of knowledge and substantive parameters set by the previous studies. It carries out this task in a number of respects. First, it reviews the various explanations that have been offered for the historical development of modern planning--both as a unique organisational form and as a distinctive educational worldview. Second, it considers various conceptions of managerial work that have evolved within educational analysis since the inception of the corporate system enters into global education societies during the early years of the 21st century. Third, it assesses the implications of empirical research on the three major levels of planning that haw： crystallised within contemporary corporate hierarchies. These are made up by the elite group of staffs and senior lecturers, and the middle strata of line workers, who are the superintendents of production. A concluding section evaluates the general contribution educational analysis has made to our understanding of the nature of managerial work.
文摘In the context of the information age, with the causes of the financial deregulation of the bank in the financial industry competition intensifies, the communication of science and technology advancement, there are innovative financial instruments to achieve orgasm. With that, comes the increased risk of commercial banks. China＇ s banking innovation started late, but rapidly develops. More seriously, in the development of the innovation process, there is not enough emphasis on the legal risk, which causes great risks.
文摘The advent of modern management system separated business owners and managers, resulting that many business owners no longer involve in the operation and management, but employ a specialized management staff to undertake responsibilities of decision-making and business operations. Under the conditions of separation of ownership, the pay given to managers should be linked with their performance. Therefore, it is extremely important to establish a scientific and effective performance evaluation system for managers. Many companies began to try to establish short-term and long-term incentive plan for managers. The purpose is to through the introduction of a new payroll system promote the behavior of managers remaining consistent with corporate benefits. But the real realization of the plan relies on running of performance evaluation system. Only scientific and fair assessment of manager performance can we implement various salary system on only reliable basis, which is the key importance for the manager performance evaluation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation sponsored project, "The Employment Effects of Labor Regulation on Rural Migrant Workers and Administrative Policies: With a Focus on Minimum Wage Rises" (劳动规制对农民工的就业影响及管理政策研究:以提高最低工资标准为例)sponsored by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the Renmin University of China, "The Impact of Foreign Technical Measures on China’s Export" (国外基础性贸易措施对我 们出口的影响)
文摘Non-linear programming analysis suggests that employment effects of minimum wage regulation are the result not only of the regulation itself but also of the external regulatory environment. At a certain level, the regulatory environment intensifies the effect on employment of minimum wage regulation. Empirical studies based on survey data from 439 enterprises in Guangdong and Fujian show that minimum wage rises had a greater impact on the employment of rural migrant workers in 2008 than in 2007, although no significant change was observed among workers who were permanent urban residents. Further analysis shows that the greater impact on migrant workers derives mainly from the strengthened regulatory environment brought about by the Employment Contracts Law. The permanent urban workforce has not been similarly affected because their interests have been given priority under the dual employment system. This reminds us that the employment effects of the Employment Contracts Law may be realized indirectly through other regulatory measures, including strengthened minimum wage regulation.
