To review the latest research development of the solid lipid nanoparticles(SLN) according to the recent relevant literatures.Each preparations of the SLN have advantages and disadvantages.Among the total preparations ...To review the latest research development of the solid lipid nanoparticles(SLN) according to the recent relevant literatures.Each preparations of the SLN have advantages and disadvantages.Among the total preparations of the SLN.the high pressure homogenization(HPH) and the microemulsion tech- nique are to praise highly.The drug incorporation and release profiles could be modified as adjustment of production parameters.The SLNis an excellent drug delivery system and has broad prospects in the phar- maceutical field.展开更多
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gut disorder with high prevalence.Because of various factors involved in its pathophysiology and disappointing results from conventional IBS medications,the treatment of ...Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gut disorder with high prevalence.Because of various factors involved in its pathophysiology and disappointing results from conventional IBS medications,the treatment of IBS is challenging and use of complementary and alternative medicines especially herbal therapies is increasing.In this paper,electronic databases including PubMed,Scopus,and Cochrane library were searched to obtain any in vitro,in vivo or human studies evaluating single or compound herbal preparations in the management of IBS.One in vitro,3 in vivo and 23 human studies were included and systematically reviewed.The majority of studies are about essential oil of Menta piperita as a single preparation and STW 5 as a compound preparation.Some evaluated herbs such as Curcuma xanthorriza and Fumaria officinalis did not demonstrate any benefits in IBS.However,it seems there are many other herbal preparations such as those proposed in traditional medicine of different countries that could be studied and investigated for their efficacy in management of IBS.展开更多
This multiple-case study examined factors that could contribute to a richer understanding of top managers＇ perceptions on maintaining high-performance teams in Pharma R＆D. In addition, this multiple-case study inves...This multiple-case study examined factors that could contribute to a richer understanding of top managers＇ perceptions on maintaining high-performance teams in Pharma R＆D. In addition, this multiple-case study investigated top managers＇ perceptions of building opportunity-based entrepreneurial culture in organizations during strategic change, considered as a critical factor for organizations during change, the results of which can be used to guide management in preventing destructive actions of business non-loyalty. Following, this multiple-case study examined the management of change within the corporate entrepreneurship literature as a means of helping organizations improve practical intelligence of defining growth goals and new enterprise growth management processes and procedures, including those relevant to change, the way they function, and formal and informal rules protecting adequacy of governance arrangements as well as the organizational culture. Participant responses to the interview question regarding capability to maintain high-performing teams resulted in themes regarding role of leadership in risk management approach, leadership development challenges, trust and commitment in inter-fLrm relationships, as being the top managers＇ perceptions and the attitudes in outsourcing R＆D industry sector since the enactment of the strategic change.展开更多
Abstract： The main purpose of the research was to study a role and place of managers in maintaining staff policy at pharmaceutical companies. It was interesting to see how Georgian pharmaceutical companies are gettin...Abstract： The main purpose of the research was to study a role and place of managers in maintaining staff policy at pharmaceutical companies. It was interesting to see how Georgian pharmaceutical companies are getting new employees at work, what is the priority of the new recruits？ What methods are used for selection and recruitment？ There were made inquiries by the way of filling applications, which （the applications） were given to the managers ofAversi, PSP, GPC, Pharmadepot and Pharmaceutical House. 50 managers were interviewed totally. It was established that pharmaceutical company management appoints people on the position of pharmacist-managers mainly on the basis of contract （90%）. At present, the pharmacist education does not comply with the competence, so 55% of interviewed managers are bachelors, 45% are masters. In order to increase the management＇s qualifications, pharmaceutical companies are conducting seminars （50%）, trainings （30%）, and testing （20%）. Staff administration in the pharmacies is mainly carried out by the company administration （75%）, rarely by managers （25%）, but very often the administration takes into consideration the manager＇s opinion; employees are accepted by testing-interview （70%） or CV （30%）. Professional career and experience of the newly employed staff are not highly important （50/50）, and the company prefers to educate and share practice to the personnel itself. It is possible to conclude that today the pharmacist-managers of the pharmacies are working in accordance with the contractual fights and obligations signed with the employers and pharmaceutical activities regulated under non-governmental institutes. As a result, it is important to be included special features of pharmaceutical management and the recommendations offered by the World Health Organization and the International Pharmaceutical Federation in the articles of regulatory laws.展开更多
文摘To review the latest research development of the solid lipid nanoparticles(SLN) according to the recent relevant literatures.Each preparations of the SLN have advantages and disadvantages.Among the total preparations of the SLN.the high pressure homogenization(HPH) and the microemulsion tech- nique are to praise highly.The drug incorporation and release profiles could be modified as adjustment of production parameters.The SLNis an excellent drug delivery system and has broad prospects in the phar- maceutical field.
文摘Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gut disorder with high prevalence.Because of various factors involved in its pathophysiology and disappointing results from conventional IBS medications,the treatment of IBS is challenging and use of complementary and alternative medicines especially herbal therapies is increasing.In this paper,electronic databases including PubMed,Scopus,and Cochrane library were searched to obtain any in vitro,in vivo or human studies evaluating single or compound herbal preparations in the management of IBS.One in vitro,3 in vivo and 23 human studies were included and systematically reviewed.The majority of studies are about essential oil of Menta piperita as a single preparation and STW 5 as a compound preparation.Some evaluated herbs such as Curcuma xanthorriza and Fumaria officinalis did not demonstrate any benefits in IBS.However,it seems there are many other herbal preparations such as those proposed in traditional medicine of different countries that could be studied and investigated for their efficacy in management of IBS.
文摘This multiple-case study examined factors that could contribute to a richer understanding of top managers＇ perceptions on maintaining high-performance teams in Pharma R＆D. In addition, this multiple-case study investigated top managers＇ perceptions of building opportunity-based entrepreneurial culture in organizations during strategic change, considered as a critical factor for organizations during change, the results of which can be used to guide management in preventing destructive actions of business non-loyalty. Following, this multiple-case study examined the management of change within the corporate entrepreneurship literature as a means of helping organizations improve practical intelligence of defining growth goals and new enterprise growth management processes and procedures, including those relevant to change, the way they function, and formal and informal rules protecting adequacy of governance arrangements as well as the organizational culture. Participant responses to the interview question regarding capability to maintain high-performing teams resulted in themes regarding role of leadership in risk management approach, leadership development challenges, trust and commitment in inter-fLrm relationships, as being the top managers＇ perceptions and the attitudes in outsourcing R＆D industry sector since the enactment of the strategic change.
文摘Abstract： The main purpose of the research was to study a role and place of managers in maintaining staff policy at pharmaceutical companies. It was interesting to see how Georgian pharmaceutical companies are getting new employees at work, what is the priority of the new recruits？ What methods are used for selection and recruitment？ There were made inquiries by the way of filling applications, which （the applications） were given to the managers ofAversi, PSP, GPC, Pharmadepot and Pharmaceutical House. 50 managers were interviewed totally. It was established that pharmaceutical company management appoints people on the position of pharmacist-managers mainly on the basis of contract （90%）. At present, the pharmacist education does not comply with the competence, so 55% of interviewed managers are bachelors, 45% are masters. In order to increase the management＇s qualifications, pharmaceutical companies are conducting seminars （50%）, trainings （30%）, and testing （20%）. Staff administration in the pharmacies is mainly carried out by the company administration （75%）, rarely by managers （25%）, but very often the administration takes into consideration the manager＇s opinion; employees are accepted by testing-interview （70%） or CV （30%）. Professional career and experience of the newly employed staff are not highly important （50/50）, and the company prefers to educate and share practice to the personnel itself. It is possible to conclude that today the pharmacist-managers of the pharmacies are working in accordance with the contractual fights and obligations signed with the employers and pharmaceutical activities regulated under non-governmental institutes. As a result, it is important to be included special features of pharmaceutical management and the recommendations offered by the World Health Organization and the International Pharmaceutical Federation in the articles of regulatory laws.
