目的了解管饲期间护士胃管定位方法的现状并分析其影响因素。方法根据AACN(American Association of Critical-Care Nurses)实践警报,自行设计调查问卷,对957名临床护士进行问卷调查。结果管饲期间护士胃管定位的时间选择存在差异,291人...目的了解管饲期间护士胃管定位方法的现状并分析其影响因素。方法根据AACN(American Association of Critical-Care Nurses)实践警报,自行设计调查问卷,对957名临床护士进行问卷调查。结果管饲期间护士胃管定位的时间选择存在差异,291人(32.08%)选择在管饲饮食前+交接班时;胃管定位的方法选择中,497人(51.93%)通过听诊腹部气过水声定位,564人(58.93%)回抽胃内容物定位,而AACN推荐的最简单直观的胃管刻度确定法和pH值测试法,仅393人(41.06%)和31人(3.24%)总是使用。不同医院级别、是否ICU护士选择胃管刻度确定法及不同医院级别、护龄、学历、职称、是否专科护士选择pH值测试法存在差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论管饲期间护士胃管定位方法的选择与实践警报推荐存在一定差距。护士应转变观念,加强相关理论知识学习和进行积极地循证护理实践,以更准确有效地实施临床护理操作。展开更多
A novel precision vibration-assisted micro-engraving system was developed by the integration of fast tool servo and ultrasonic elliptical vibration system, in which the flexure hinge was designed to avoid backlash and...A novel precision vibration-assisted micro-engraving system was developed by the integration of fast tool servo and ultrasonic elliptical vibration system, in which the flexure hinge was designed to avoid backlash and PID control algorithm was established to guarantee specific precision. Apart from experimental validation of the performance of the system, various micro-V-grooves cutting experiments on aluminum alloy, ferrous material and hard cutting material were performed, in which Kistler force sensor was used to measure cutting force. Through experiments, it was clear that the vibration-assisted micro-engraving system can ensure good quality of micro-V-grooves and reduce cutting force by about 60% compared with traditional removal process without ultrasonic vibration.展开更多
In order to improve the scheduling efficiency of photolithography,bottleneck process of wafer fabrications in the semiconductor industry,an effective estimation of distribution algorithm is proposed for scheduling pro...In order to improve the scheduling efficiency of photolithography,bottleneck process of wafer fabrications in the semiconductor industry,an effective estimation of distribution algorithm is proposed for scheduling problems of parallel litho machines with reticle constraints,where multiple reticles are available for each reticle type.First,the scheduling problem domain of parallel litho machines is described with reticle constraints and mathematical programming formulations are put forward with the objective of minimizing total weighted completion time.Second,estimation of distribution algorithm is developed with a decoding scheme specially designed to deal with the reticle constraints.Third,an insert-based local search with the first move strategy is introduced to enhance the local exploitation ability of the algorithm.Finally,simulation experiments and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
文摘目的了解管饲期间护士胃管定位方法的现状并分析其影响因素。方法根据AACN(American Association of Critical-Care Nurses)实践警报,自行设计调查问卷,对957名临床护士进行问卷调查。结果管饲期间护士胃管定位的时间选择存在差异,291人(32.08%)选择在管饲饮食前+交接班时;胃管定位的方法选择中,497人(51.93%)通过听诊腹部气过水声定位,564人(58.93%)回抽胃内容物定位,而AACN推荐的最简单直观的胃管刻度确定法和pH值测试法,仅393人(41.06%)和31人(3.24%)总是使用。不同医院级别、是否ICU护士选择胃管刻度确定法及不同医院级别、护龄、学历、职称、是否专科护士选择pH值测试法存在差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论管饲期间护士胃管定位方法的选择与实践警报推荐存在一定差距。护士应转变观念,加强相关理论知识学习和进行积极地循证护理实践,以更准确有效地实施临床护理操作。
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China ("863" Program, No. 2009AA043802)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
文摘A novel precision vibration-assisted micro-engraving system was developed by the integration of fast tool servo and ultrasonic elliptical vibration system, in which the flexure hinge was designed to avoid backlash and PID control algorithm was established to guarantee specific precision. Apart from experimental validation of the performance of the system, various micro-V-grooves cutting experiments on aluminum alloy, ferrous material and hard cutting material were performed, in which Kistler force sensor was used to measure cutting force. Through experiments, it was clear that the vibration-assisted micro-engraving system can ensure good quality of micro-V-grooves and reduce cutting force by about 60% compared with traditional removal process without ultrasonic vibration.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Programme of China(No.2009AA043000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61273035,71471135)
文摘In order to improve the scheduling efficiency of photolithography,bottleneck process of wafer fabrications in the semiconductor industry,an effective estimation of distribution algorithm is proposed for scheduling problems of parallel litho machines with reticle constraints,where multiple reticles are available for each reticle type.First,the scheduling problem domain of parallel litho machines is described with reticle constraints and mathematical programming formulations are put forward with the objective of minimizing total weighted completion time.Second,estimation of distribution algorithm is developed with a decoding scheme specially designed to deal with the reticle constraints.Third,an insert-based local search with the first move strategy is introduced to enhance the local exploitation ability of the algorithm.Finally,simulation experiments and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
