Background:Vasomotor nephropathy is a common renal dysfunction in very preterm neonates.Objective:To determine whether theophylline could prevent vasomotor nephropathy in very preterm infants with respiratory distress...Background:Vasomotor nephropathy is a common renal dysfunction in very preterm neonates.Objective:To determine whether theophylline could prevent vasomotor nephropathy in very preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.Methods:A randomised,double blind,placebo controlled trial of 50 preterm infants of gestational age ≤32 weeks needing assisted ventilation.Infants received an intravenous dose of theophylline(1 mg/kg)or placebo for three days.The 24 hour urine volume was measured daily.On days 2,5,and 11,blood samples and 12 hour urine collections were analysed for electrolytes,creatinine,and urea.Results:On day 1,urine output was significantly higher in the theophylline(2.4(0.9)ml/kg/h)than the placebo(1.6(1.0)ml/kg/h;p = 0.023)-group(values are mean(SD)).The incidence of oligoanuria was significantly lower in the theophylline treated(5%)than the placebo(33%)group.Twenty four hours after the first administration of theophylline/placebo,serum creatinine concentration was significantly lower in the theophylline(0.76(0.23)mg/dl)-than the placebo(1.0(0.41)mg/dl;P = 0.025)group.On day 5 an increase in serum creatinine was observed in both groups.On day 11 a significant reduction in serum creatinine was observed,compared with day 5,with no difference between the two groups.Conclusion:The results suggest that,in very preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome,early theophylline administration improves renal function during the first two days of life.展开更多
To evaluate the effectiveness of l- carnitine (LC) or l- acetyl- carnitine (LAC) or combined LC and LAC treatment in improving semen kinetic parameters and the total oxyradical scavenging capacity in semen. Design: Pl...To evaluate the effectiveness of l- carnitine (LC) or l- acetyl- carnitine (LAC) or combined LC and LAC treatment in improving semen kinetic parameters and the total oxyradical scavenging capacity in semen. Design: Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial. Setting: Andrology unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Italy. Patient(s): Sixty infertile men, ages 20 to 40 years, with the following baseline sperm selection criteria: concentration >20 × 106/mL, sperm forward motility < 50% , and normal sperm morphology >30% ; 59 patients completed the study. Intervention(s): Patients underwent a double-blind therapy of LC 3 g/d, LAC 3 g/d, a combination of LC 2 g/d and LAC 1 g/d, or placebo. The study design was 1 month of run in, 6 months of therapy or placebo, and 3 months of follow-up evaluation. Main Outcome Measure(s): Variations in semen parameters used for patient selection, and variations in total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the seminal fluid. Result(s): Sperm cell motility (total and forward, including kinetic features determined by computer-assisted sperm analysis) increased in patients to whom LAC was administered both alone or in combination with LC; combined LC + LAC therapy led to a significant improvement of straight progressive velocity after 3 months. The total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the semen toward hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals also increased and was positively correlated with the improvement of kinetic features. Patients with lower baseline values of motility and total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the seminal fluid had a significantly higher probability of responding to the treatment. Conclusion(s): The administration of LC and LAC is effective in increasing sperm kinetic features in patients affected by idiopathic asthenozoospemia and improves the total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the seminal fluid in the same population.展开更多
文摘Background:Vasomotor nephropathy is a common renal dysfunction in very preterm neonates.Objective:To determine whether theophylline could prevent vasomotor nephropathy in very preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.Methods:A randomised,double blind,placebo controlled trial of 50 preterm infants of gestational age ≤32 weeks needing assisted ventilation.Infants received an intravenous dose of theophylline(1 mg/kg)or placebo for three days.The 24 hour urine volume was measured daily.On days 2,5,and 11,blood samples and 12 hour urine collections were analysed for electrolytes,creatinine,and urea.Results:On day 1,urine output was significantly higher in the theophylline(2.4(0.9)ml/kg/h)than the placebo(1.6(1.0)ml/kg/h;p = 0.023)-group(values are mean(SD)).The incidence of oligoanuria was significantly lower in the theophylline treated(5%)than the placebo(33%)group.Twenty four hours after the first administration of theophylline/placebo,serum creatinine concentration was significantly lower in the theophylline(0.76(0.23)mg/dl)-than the placebo(1.0(0.41)mg/dl;P = 0.025)group.On day 5 an increase in serum creatinine was observed in both groups.On day 11 a significant reduction in serum creatinine was observed,compared with day 5,with no difference between the two groups.Conclusion:The results suggest that,in very preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome,early theophylline administration improves renal function during the first two days of life.
文摘To evaluate the effectiveness of l- carnitine (LC) or l- acetyl- carnitine (LAC) or combined LC and LAC treatment in improving semen kinetic parameters and the total oxyradical scavenging capacity in semen. Design: Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial. Setting: Andrology unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Italy. Patient(s): Sixty infertile men, ages 20 to 40 years, with the following baseline sperm selection criteria: concentration >20 × 106/mL, sperm forward motility < 50% , and normal sperm morphology >30% ; 59 patients completed the study. Intervention(s): Patients underwent a double-blind therapy of LC 3 g/d, LAC 3 g/d, a combination of LC 2 g/d and LAC 1 g/d, or placebo. The study design was 1 month of run in, 6 months of therapy or placebo, and 3 months of follow-up evaluation. Main Outcome Measure(s): Variations in semen parameters used for patient selection, and variations in total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the seminal fluid. Result(s): Sperm cell motility (total and forward, including kinetic features determined by computer-assisted sperm analysis) increased in patients to whom LAC was administered both alone or in combination with LC; combined LC + LAC therapy led to a significant improvement of straight progressive velocity after 3 months. The total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the semen toward hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals also increased and was positively correlated with the improvement of kinetic features. Patients with lower baseline values of motility and total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the seminal fluid had a significantly higher probability of responding to the treatment. Conclusion(s): The administration of LC and LAC is effective in increasing sperm kinetic features in patients affected by idiopathic asthenozoospemia and improves the total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the seminal fluid in the same population.
