基于六维摆位误差的鼻咽癌调强放疗全过程剂量评估

目的基于治疗过程中的摆位误差进行六维模拟矫正,评估鼻咽癌调强放射治疗过程中的剂量误差变化。方法选取2018年9月在福建省肿瘤医院行调强放射治疗的鼻咽癌患者5例,为每例患者在医院鼻咽癌首次摆位误差数据库(636例)中随机提取33次摆位误差;根据这组摆位误差在Pinnacle3计划系统中,利用误差六维校正方法,进行每一治疗分次的模拟,并自编程序进行剂量总合成;评估治疗分次剂量、总剂量与相应的计划剂量的差异。结果5例患者误差校正后的靶区总剂量差异较小(基本<50 cGy),危及器官中脊髓、脑干有明显的剂量增加,最大可达到254 cGy和346 cGy;腮腺除了1例有剂量减少外,其他均有增加,最大达到102 cGy。结论基于福建省肿瘤医院摆位误差数据库进行摆位误差校正后剂量合成,所有靶区总剂量的变化幅度均较小,危及器官剂量差异较大,应充分评估脊髓、脑干、腮腺的剂量,控制摆位误差,减少对危及器官的影响。

二维半导体探测器阵列在调强放射治疗合成剂量验证中的应用

目的利用一种二维半导体探测器阵列（2D—DA）对调强放射治疗（IMRT）进行多角度合成剂量验证，探索更真实地反映IMRT执行剂量分布精度的方法。方法在2D—DA上附加等效水模体，对27例患者的IMRT计划分别进行单一机架角度合成（SGAC）和多机架角度合成（MGAC）的剂量分布验证测量，比较分析两种方法的测量结果。结果（1）选择合适摆位使2D—DA的探测器平面不与任一调强射野的中心轴重合时，MGAC测量与SGAC测量的计划验证通过率（通过标准：r值3mm／3％）分别为94．81％±3．80％和94．56％±4．28％，两者没有明显统计学差异（t=-0．213，P〉0．05）。（2）当IMRT计划的部分射野中心轴与探测器平面重合时，MGAC验证测量的通过率为79．72％±12．77％。结论在附加了等效水模体条件下，使用二维半导体探测器阵列进行MGAC与SGAC验证的通过率没有差异。MGAC验证结果更有利于发现IMRT计划执行误差实际大小、位置，以及对临床治疗影响评估，但应在验证测量时避免探测器平面与射野中心轴重合。

Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Sulfur Transfer Catalysts for FCC Flue Gas

In this work, Zr-M(M=Cu, Mn, Ce) type sulfur transfer agent was prepared by impregnation method. Under the condition similar to that in the regenerator of FCC units, the influence of different active metal components and their contents on sulfur transfer agent were investigated. Moreover, the crystalline structure of sulfur transfer agent was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR). The result showed that the Zr-Mn sulfur transfer agent could effectively reduce the SO2 content in FCC regenerator flue gas, featuring high SO2 adsorption capacity. The sulfur transfer agent was inactivated in 40—60 min during the test. In the course of reduction reaction, after several reaction cycles, the formation of SO2 ceased and only H2 S was detected as the reduction product.

Novel efficient procedure for biodiesel synthesis from waste oils with high acid value using 1-sulfobutyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrosulfate ionic liquid as the catalyst

Preparation of biodiesel from waste oils containing 72% of free fatty acids catalyzed by a novel Br?nsted acidic ionic liquid 1-sulfobutyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrosulfate([BHSO_3MIM][HSO_4]) was systematically investigated.The optimum molar ratio of methanol to waste oils,catalyst amount,reaction temperature and reaction time were 8/1,10%(based on the mass of waste oils),140°C and 6 h,respectively,under which the obtained yield of biodiesel reached 94.9%.Also,[BHSO_3MIM][HSO_4] as a catalyst still retained around 97% of its original catalytic activity after successive re-use of 5 batches(6 h per batch),showing the excellent operational stability.Moreover,the acidic IL [BHSO_3MIM][HSO_4] was able to ef ficiently catalyze conversions of waste oils with different amounts of FFAs(free fatty acids) into biodiesel,and showed tremendous application potential.Therefore,an ef ficient and environmentally friendly catalyst is provided for the synthesis of biodiesel from waste oils with high acid value.

Synthesis of Methyl 3-Hydroxypropanoate by Hydroesterification of Ethylene Oxide over Dicobalt Octacarbonyl Catalyst

Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate was synthesized via hydroesterification of ethylene oxide with CO in the presence of dicobalt octacarbonyl catalyst and methanol solvent. The catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity. The effect of reaction temperature, CO pressure, methanol dosage, catalyst dosage and reaction time on catalytic reaction was investigated. The test results revealed that this reaction was greatly affected by reaction temperature, but it was not significantly affected by the CO pressure, the methanol dosage, the catalyst dosage and the reaction time. Under the optimal conditions, the conversion of ethylene oxide was equal to 92.24%, while the selectivity and yield of methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate reached 88.99% and 84.35%, respectively.

New Oxorhenium（V） Complex with an Aminothiazole Ligand, and Radiochemical Behavior of Its Oxotechenetium（V） Complex Analog

A [ReO（Amino）2OH] complex was successfully synthesized by the ligand exchange method using oxorhenuim gluconate and an aminothiazole ligand. The complex was characterized elemental analysis and IR, UV-Vis, NMR and mass spectroscopes. The technetium tracer 99mTcO-complex has also been synthesized by two methods using Ligand exchange method and direct reduction method. The radiochemical purity of the complex was over 95% as measured by thin layer chromatography. In vitro studies showed that the complex possessed good stability under physiological conditions. The partition coefficient indicated that the complex hydrophilic and the electrophoresis results showed that the complex neutral. Normal biodistributions of the 99mTC complex exhibit high lung, liver and spleen uptake of 27%, I 1%, and 12%, respectively. Blood and lungs clearance was quite, while liver activity remained high for a longer period with 12% injection dose present at 1 h post-inj ection. The radioactivity from the novel technetium complex was excreted mainly through the hepatobiliary system, which passed 35% of the complex at 1 h post-injection, and partially through the kidneys.

Synthesis of Polymethacrylates Used as Multifunctional Lubricating Oil Additives

In this paper, four kinds of polymethacrylates(PMAs) used as multifunctional additives were synthesized from quaternary C1—C14 methacrylate, among which sample 4 exhibited relatively better performance. According to the methacrylate ratio of sample 4, the optimized reaction conditions of PMA were explored by orthogonal experiments comprising 4 factors and 3 levels, and the optimized reaction conditions covered an initiator dosage of 0.8 %, a molecular weight regulator dosage of 0.4%, a reaction temperature of 95 ℃ and a reaction time of 8.5 h. When the optimized PMA samples were used to formulate the 75W/90 automotive gear base oil, they exhibited improved shear stability and good low temperature property. In comparison with foreign commercial polymethacrylate GP, the optimized PMA samples exhibited better thickening ability, similar shear stability and slightly weak low temperature property, with their performance being the same as GP's on the whole. The slight difference in the performance between the optimized PMA and GP was attributed to the difference of chain length of copolymers and the distribution of relative molecular mass between them.

贝美前列素与米诺地尔治疗大鼠雄性脱发模型疗效比较

目的探讨外用贝美前列素液对实验性雄激素源性脱发（简称雄性脱发）的大鼠模型治疗作用及可能机制。方法用甲睾酮溶液及猪油给SD大鼠灌胃的方法建立实验性雄性脱发模型。将SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为四组，空白模型组（蒸馏水外涂）、贝美前列素液组（前列素液外涂）、米诺地尔酊组（米诺地尔外涂）及正常空白组（未经任何处理）。连续用药30d，分别在15、30d拍照，并对皮损取材进行HE染色，记录毛囊个数和血管数量变化情况。结果与正常空白组、空白模型组相比，贝美前列素液组及米诺地尔酊组SD大鼠毛发生长快，且密度高。贝美前列素液组生长期毛囊个数高于正常空白组及米诺地尔酊组（P〈0．05）；而血管数较正常空白组少（P〈0．05）。结论贝美前列素液能促进sD大鼠雄性脱发模型的毛发生长，可能是通过扩张血管，使血流量增加，加强毛囊营养，促进毛发再生。

Phytosterol content and the campesterol:sitosterol ratio influence cotton fiber development: role of phytosterols in cell elongation

Phytosterols play an important role in plant growth and development, including cell division, cell elongation, embryogenesis, cellulose biosynthesis, and cell wall formation. Cotton fiber, which undergoes synchronous cell elongation and a large amount of cellulose synthesis, is an ideal model for the study of plant cell elongation and cell wall biogenesis. The role of phytosterols in fiber growth was investigated by treating the fibers with tfidemorph, a sterol biosynthetic inhibitor. The inhibition of phy- tosterol biosynthesis resulted in an apparent suppression of fiber elongation in vitro or in planta. The determination of phy- tosterol quantity indicated that sitosterol and campesterol were the major phytosterols in cotton fibers; moreover, higher con- centrations of these phytosterols were observed during the period of rapid elongation of fibers. Furthermore, the decrease and increase in campesterol：sitosterol ratio was associated with the increase and decease in speed of elongation, respectively, dur- ing the elongation stage. The increase in the ratio was associated with the transition from cell elongation to secondary cell wall synthesis. In addition, a number of phytosterol biosynthetic genes were down-regulated in the short fibers of ligon lintless-1 mutant, compared to its near-isogenic wild-type TM-1. These results demonstrated that phytosterols play a crucial role in cot- ton fiber development, and particularly in fiber elongation.