The accurate understanding of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficients is very important for at- mospheric science research. To achieve a fast and simple method for determining the parameters, the selection of opti...The accurate understanding of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficients is very important for at- mospheric science research. To achieve a fast and simple method for determining the parameters, the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles of atmospheric aerosols is required. In this paper, the authors introduce the detec- tion basis of forward-scattering of atmospheric aerosols, and the authors verify the sensitivity of the phase function to the real part of the complex refractive index. The au- thors use the Jaenicke urban aerosol model to determine that forward-scattering angles near 33° are suitable. However, the optimal forward-scattering angles in North China are between 37° and 40°. Numerical simulation shows that certain types of particle size distribution of newly generated particles and pollution have limited in- fluences on the selection of forward-scattering angles. But the ranges of these insensitive angles shift - 10 degrees for dust intrusion, and the relative deviations of the phase function are less than 5.0% within extra angles of 0° to 3°. This study can serve as a reference for the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles for visibility meters and Present Weather Identifiers （PWIs） in addition to the de- tection of forward-scattering optical properties.展开更多
A uniform optimization object function for front wheel orientation parameters of a vehicle is reported, which includes the tolerances of practical values and set values of front wheel orientation parameters under full...A uniform optimization object function for front wheel orientation parameters of a vehicle is reported, which includes the tolerances of practical values and set values of front wheel orientation parameters under full load, and the changing value of each parameter with front wheel fluctuation to build a front suspension model for optimization analysis based on the multi-body dynamic (MD) theory. The original suspension is optimized with this model, and the variation law of each parameter with front wheel fluctuation is obtained. The results of a case study demonstrate that the front wheel orientation parameters of the optimized vehicle are reasonable under typical conditions and the variation of each parameter is in an ideal range with the wheel fluctuating within 40 mm. In addition, the driving performance is improved greatly in the road test and practical use.展开更多
基金supported mainly by the China Meteorological Administration under Grant GYHY200806031supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant XDA05040302
文摘The accurate understanding of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficients is very important for at- mospheric science research. To achieve a fast and simple method for determining the parameters, the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles of atmospheric aerosols is required. In this paper, the authors introduce the detec- tion basis of forward-scattering of atmospheric aerosols, and the authors verify the sensitivity of the phase function to the real part of the complex refractive index. The au- thors use the Jaenicke urban aerosol model to determine that forward-scattering angles near 33° are suitable. However, the optimal forward-scattering angles in North China are between 37° and 40°. Numerical simulation shows that certain types of particle size distribution of newly generated particles and pollution have limited in- fluences on the selection of forward-scattering angles. But the ranges of these insensitive angles shift - 10 degrees for dust intrusion, and the relative deviations of the phase function are less than 5.0% within extra angles of 0° to 3°. This study can serve as a reference for the selection of optimal forward-scattering angles for visibility meters and Present Weather Identifiers （PWIs） in addition to the de- tection of forward-scattering optical properties.
文摘A uniform optimization object function for front wheel orientation parameters of a vehicle is reported, which includes the tolerances of practical values and set values of front wheel orientation parameters under full load, and the changing value of each parameter with front wheel fluctuation to build a front suspension model for optimization analysis based on the multi-body dynamic (MD) theory. The original suspension is optimized with this model, and the variation law of each parameter with front wheel fluctuation is obtained. The results of a case study demonstrate that the front wheel orientation parameters of the optimized vehicle are reasonable under typical conditions and the variation of each parameter is in an ideal range with the wheel fluctuating within 40 mm. In addition, the driving performance is improved greatly in the road test and practical use.
