There exists an inherent difficulty in the original algorithm for the construction of Dwarf, which prevents it from constructing true Dwarfs. We explained when and why it introduces suffix redundancies into the Dwarf ...There exists an inherent difficulty in the original algorithm for the construction of Dwarf, which prevents it from constructing true Dwarfs. We explained when and why it introduces suffix redundancies into the Dwarf structure. To solve this problem, we proposed a completely new algorithm called PID. It bottom-up computes partitions of a fact table, and inserts them into the Dwarf structure. If a partition is an MSV partition, coalesce its sub-Dwarf; otherwise create necessary nodes and cells. Our performance study showed that PID is efficient. For further condensing of Dwarf, we proposed Condensed Dwarf, a more com- pressed structure, combining the strength of Dwarf and Condensed Cube. By eliminating unnecessary stores of “ALL” cells from the Dwarf structure, Condensed Dwarf could effectively reduce the size of Dwarf, especially for Dwarfs of the real world, which was illustrated by our experiments. Its query processing is still simple and, only two minor modifications to PID are required for the construction of Condensed Dwarf.展开更多
English prefix dis- and tin- are commonly surveyed along with some other negative prefixes. However, there are many cases in which prefix dis- and un- can be attached to the same root, causing the difficulty in distin...English prefix dis- and tin- are commonly surveyed along with some other negative prefixes. However, there are many cases in which prefix dis- and un- can be attached to the same root, causing the difficulty in distinguishing the comprehension of the two prefixes' semantic roles. Considering this issue, this paper endeavors to clarify the respective morphological processes and explain their specific semantic roles.展开更多
We propose a novel scheme based on clustering analysis in color space to solve text segmentation in complex color images. Text segmentation includes automatic clustering of color space and foreground image generation....We propose a novel scheme based on clustering analysis in color space to solve text segmentation in complex color images. Text segmentation includes automatic clustering of color space and foreground image generation. Two methods are also proposed for automatic clustering: The first one is to determine the optimal number of clusters and the second one is the fuzzy competitively clustering method based on competitively learning techniques. Essential foreground images obtained from any of the color clusters are combined into foreground images. Further performance analysis reveals the advantages of the proposed methods.展开更多
Prostate adenocarcinoma most often metastasis to the bones of spine and pelvis.Metastasis to the supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes as uncommon presentation of this disease has been increasingly reported.Here we reported ...Prostate adenocarcinoma most often metastasis to the bones of spine and pelvis.Metastasis to the supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes as uncommon presentation of this disease has been increasingly reported.Here we reported a 61years old man with prostatic adenocarcinoma who presented with generalized lymphadenopathy.展开更多
The paper is devoted to the study of quantitative methods in linguistics and describes the studies conducted. The purpose is to give the general idea of these studies. The first one considers one of the principal logi...The paper is devoted to the study of quantitative methods in linguistics and describes the studies conducted. The purpose is to give the general idea of these studies. The first one considers one of the principal logical categories--the quality. The basis of the research was comprised of lexicographical recourses. The text study finishes up the research. The second one dwells on the usage of the typological indices method in the research of comparatives and superlatives in English, German, and Russian texts. The principal method used is that of typological indices. As the result, people can observe the prospects of this method in linguistics展开更多
A laboratory-based work was conducted on development, biometry (cyst diameter, hatching efficiency and hatching percentage) and survival rate of Artemia franciscana at 35 ppt using natural brine water under constant...A laboratory-based work was conducted on development, biometry (cyst diameter, hatching efficiency and hatching percentage) and survival rate of Artemia franciscana at 35 ppt using natural brine water under constant aeration facilities. The experiment was carried out for both chorionic and decapsulated cysts. There was a significant increase in hatching output of the decapsulated cysts than the chorionic cysts. The survival rate was counted only for the chorionic cysts because nauplii hatched from decapsulated cysts died after four days of incubation before reaching the adult stage. Untill now the Artemia cysts are imported from abroad. Though the prospect of mass production of Artemia in Bangladesh is feasible but there needs to be more studies done.展开更多
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of family involvement and altruism on agency costs of equity and debt, as well on the performance of small family businesses. To achieve this objective, the authors revi...The aim of this study is to examine the effects of family involvement and altruism on agency costs of equity and debt, as well on the performance of small family businesses. To achieve this objective, the authors reviewed the literature on family business. Drawing from agency theory and stewardship theory, the authors also proposed a research model that highlights the links among the variables. In so doing, this paper makes some contributions to the literature in three ways. Firstly, it takes an integrative framework that may help to explain behaviors oriented towards maximizing potential performance within a context in which pro-organizational attitudes co-exist with self-serving motivations. Secondly, it advances the understanding of corporate governance mechanisms in small family businesses, and finally, it deepens the discussion of prior research by advancing a set of propositions based on two theoretical approaches. Thus, the authors believe that a systematic comparison of different contexts provides new insights into small family business governance. The implications and directions for future research are in the last section.展开更多
Loto'i Tongas"the big heart"-is a term describing all that is Tongan: the passion, joy, spirit, and the mind. This quality of being Tongan shapes the way in which Tongans work together to achieve successful outcom...Loto'i Tongas"the big heart"-is a term describing all that is Tongan: the passion, joy, spirit, and the mind. This quality of being Tongan shapes the way in which Tongans work together to achieve successful outcomes. Loto'i Tonga influences activities such as community development projects, social and health services initiatives, as well as the passion seen when Tongan engages in sporting activities. This case study describes a community development project in West Auckland, New Zealand, which brought together the Tongan community. The primary aim of the project was to improve the health and wellbeing of Tongans living in West Auckland. Conducted over several years, the project resulted in the establishment of vegetable gardens, a Tongan pre-school centre, and a woman's home-based development initiative resulting in the production of a variety of crafts as well as well-being activities. These successful outcomes provide a clear message to both Tongan and non-Tongan leaders that a way to success in Tongan community development is to empower Tongans to be able to lead and take control over determinants of their life and their well-being. Loto'i Tonga is a key cultural value that determines such outcomes.展开更多
Genuine interest, research zeal, and visual art expressiveness which are typical of the pre-school period can pose a challenge to every teacher, at the same time, guide them when planning different contents for childr...Genuine interest, research zeal, and visual art expressiveness which are typical of the pre-school period can pose a challenge to every teacher, at the same time, guide them when planning different contents for children to explore and discover. As one of the primary expressing media and an important support when forming concepts, visual art plays an indispensable role in the pre-school period. The following thesis is based on an action research whose key tendencies were focused on establishing children's interests in different useful materials and tools while enabling them an autonomous visual art use of these tools and didactical possibilities of the teacher involved. The activities included in the research were fully in line with the Slovenian National Kindergarten Curriculum and the project was carried out in the form of several successive meetings intended for visual art creative activities. All activities in the research were photo-documented while the analysis of the research's data was performed based on observation and written notes referring to individual child's responses, his or her questions, ideas, and incentives, the course of cognitive and creative process, communication with the peers and teachers and other potential particularities.展开更多
Gala is the creation of a complex system of project, planning is one of the important aspect of its creation. Party theme is clear, determination of content, the party structure, artistic, rendering of the program, th...Gala is the creation of a complex system of project, planning is one of the important aspect of its creation. Party theme is clear, determination of content, the party structure, artistic, rendering of the program, the cast, in planning sessions are established. In the process of planning, we need use star advantage of media expansion strategy, and rely on government agencies, planning strategies such as beauty handsome effect to complete; system restructuring, backward thinking, and innovative methods such as the application of new technologies to accomplish the party's breakthrough innovation. But no matter what strategy is used, how, in the planning of cultural show, Planner is always the first factor, if there is no "planer" to participate in; party planning will be a problem. It is the use of planning methods and people are taking advantage of the above strategies, using the right kind of htunan way at the same time that complete party planning.展开更多
Arid Central Asia(ACA), with its diverse landscapes of high mountains, oases, and deserts, hosted the central routes of the Silk Roads that linked trade centers from East Asia to the eastern Mediterranean.Ecological p...Arid Central Asia(ACA), with its diverse landscapes of high mountains, oases, and deserts, hosted the central routes of the Silk Roads that linked trade centers from East Asia to the eastern Mediterranean.Ecological pockets and ecoclines in ACA are largely determined by local precipitation. However, little research has gone into the effects of hydroclimatic changes on trans-Eurasian cultural exchange. Here,we reconstruct precipitation changes in ACA, covering the mid-late Holocene with a U-Th dated, ~3 a resolution, multi-proxy time series of replicated stalagmites from the southeastern Fergana Valley,Kyrgyzstan. Our data reveal a 640-a megadrought between 5820 and 5180 a BP, which likely impacted cultural development in ACA and impeded the expansion of cultural traits along oasis routes. Instead,it may have diverted the earliest transcontinental exchange along the Eurasian steppe during the 5 th millennium BP. With gradually increasing precipitation after the megadrought, settlement of peoples in the oases and river valleys may have facilitated the opening of the oasis routes, ‘‘prehistoric Silk Roads", of trans-Eurasian exchange. By the 4 th millennium BP, this process may have reshaped cultures across the two continents, laying the foundation for the organized Silk Roads.展开更多
Accurate and reliable hydrological forecasting is essential for water resource management. Feedforward neural networks can provide satisfactory forecast results in most cases, but traditional gradient-based training a...Accurate and reliable hydrological forecasting is essential for water resource management. Feedforward neural networks can provide satisfactory forecast results in most cases, but traditional gradient-based training algorithms are usually time-consum- ing and may easily converge to local minimum. Hence, how to obtain more appropriate parameters for feedforward neural networks with more precise prediction within shorter time has been a challenging task. Extreme learning machine (ELM), a new training algorithm for single-hidden layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs), has been proposed to avoid these disad- vantages. In this study, a conjunction model of wavelet neural networks with ELM (WNN-ELM) is proposed for 1-month ahead discharge forecasting, The ~ trous wavelet transform is used to decompose the original discharge time series into several sub-series. The sub-series are then used as inputs for SLFNs coupled with ELM algorithm (SLFNs^ELM); the output is the next step observed discharge. For comparison, the SLFNs-ELM and support vector machine (SVM) are also employed. Monthly discharge time series data from two reservoirs in southwestern China are derive] for validating the models. In addi- tion, four quantitative standard statistical performance evaluation measures are utilized to evaluate the model performance. The results indicate that the SLFNs-ELM performs slightly better than the SVM for peak discharge estimation, and the proposed model WNN-ELM provides more accurate forecast precision than SLFNs-ELM and SVM展开更多
Dislocation of the elbow along with shaft fractures of both bones of the ipsilateral forearm is a rare injury though elbow dislocation or fracture of the forearm bones may occur separately. Such injuries need a concen...Dislocation of the elbow along with shaft fractures of both bones of the ipsilateral forearm is a rare injury though elbow dislocation or fracture of the forearm bones may occur separately. Such injuries need a concentric reduction of the dislocation and an anatomical fixation of forearm bones for optimal functional outcomes. We report a case of elbow dislocation with fracture of the lateral condyle of the hu- merus along with fractures of shafts of the radius and ulna in a 44-year-old female. Closed reduction of the elbow and operative stabilization of all fractures were done with good clinical, radiological and functional outcomes in 2 years follow-up period. A significant degree of force is needed to produce a combined dislocation of a joint and fracture of bones around that joint and these complex injuries may be missed if the clinician is not aware of the possibility of such injuries. The fact that the previously reported cases had a posterolateral dislocation while our case had a posteromedial dislocation and a fracture of the lateral humeral condyle as well makes it unique in its presentation and worth reporting. We have also included an up to date literature review on this topic.展开更多
In ground-based astronomy, images of objects in outer space are acquired via ground-based tele- scopes. However, the imaging system is generally interfered by atmospheric turbulence and hence images so acquired are bl...In ground-based astronomy, images of objects in outer space are acquired via ground-based tele- scopes. However, the imaging system is generally interfered by atmospheric turbulence and hence images so acquired are blurred with unknown point spread function (PSF). To restore the observed images, aberration of the wavefront at the telescope's aperture, i.e., the phase, is utilized to derive the PSF. However, the phase is not readily available. Instead, its gradients can be collected by wavefront sensors. Thus the usual approach is to use regularization methods to reconstruct high-resolution phase gradients and then use them to recover the phase in high accuracy. Here, we develop a model that reconstructs the phase directly. The proposed model uses the tight frame regularization and it can be solved efficiently by the Douglas-Rachford alternating direction method of multipliers whose convergence has been well established. Numerical results illustrate that our new model is efficient and gives more accurate estimation for the PSF.展开更多
Wang Shu-he, or Wang Xi, was anoutstanding physician from Gaoping (Gaoping of Shanxi Province; another saying is Ji'ning of Shandong Province) of Western Jin Dynasty who lived around the 3rd CeIltUi3T His major con...Wang Shu-he, or Wang Xi, was anoutstanding physician from Gaoping (Gaoping of Shanxi Province; another saying is Ji'ning of Shandong Province) of Western Jin Dynasty who lived around the 3rd CeIltUi3T His major contribution was the 10 w)lumes of Mai.展开更多
基金Project (No. 20030487032) supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, China
文摘There exists an inherent difficulty in the original algorithm for the construction of Dwarf, which prevents it from constructing true Dwarfs. We explained when and why it introduces suffix redundancies into the Dwarf structure. To solve this problem, we proposed a completely new algorithm called PID. It bottom-up computes partitions of a fact table, and inserts them into the Dwarf structure. If a partition is an MSV partition, coalesce its sub-Dwarf; otherwise create necessary nodes and cells. Our performance study showed that PID is efficient. For further condensing of Dwarf, we proposed Condensed Dwarf, a more com- pressed structure, combining the strength of Dwarf and Condensed Cube. By eliminating unnecessary stores of “ALL” cells from the Dwarf structure, Condensed Dwarf could effectively reduce the size of Dwarf, especially for Dwarfs of the real world, which was illustrated by our experiments. Its query processing is still simple and, only two minor modifications to PID are required for the construction of Condensed Dwarf.
文摘English prefix dis- and tin- are commonly surveyed along with some other negative prefixes. However, there are many cases in which prefix dis- and un- can be attached to the same root, causing the difficulty in distinguishing the comprehension of the two prefixes' semantic roles. Considering this issue, this paper endeavors to clarify the respective morphological processes and explain their specific semantic roles.
文摘We propose a novel scheme based on clustering analysis in color space to solve text segmentation in complex color images. Text segmentation includes automatic clustering of color space and foreground image generation. Two methods are also proposed for automatic clustering: The first one is to determine the optimal number of clusters and the second one is the fuzzy competitively clustering method based on competitively learning techniques. Essential foreground images obtained from any of the color clusters are combined into foreground images. Further performance analysis reveals the advantages of the proposed methods.
文摘Prostate adenocarcinoma most often metastasis to the bones of spine and pelvis.Metastasis to the supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes as uncommon presentation of this disease has been increasingly reported.Here we reported a 61years old man with prostatic adenocarcinoma who presented with generalized lymphadenopathy.
文摘The paper is devoted to the study of quantitative methods in linguistics and describes the studies conducted. The purpose is to give the general idea of these studies. The first one considers one of the principal logical categories--the quality. The basis of the research was comprised of lexicographical recourses. The text study finishes up the research. The second one dwells on the usage of the typological indices method in the research of comparatives and superlatives in English, German, and Russian texts. The principal method used is that of typological indices. As the result, people can observe the prospects of this method in linguistics
文摘A laboratory-based work was conducted on development, biometry (cyst diameter, hatching efficiency and hatching percentage) and survival rate of Artemia franciscana at 35 ppt using natural brine water under constant aeration facilities. The experiment was carried out for both chorionic and decapsulated cysts. There was a significant increase in hatching output of the decapsulated cysts than the chorionic cysts. The survival rate was counted only for the chorionic cysts because nauplii hatched from decapsulated cysts died after four days of incubation before reaching the adult stage. Untill now the Artemia cysts are imported from abroad. Though the prospect of mass production of Artemia in Bangladesh is feasible but there needs to be more studies done.
文摘The aim of this study is to examine the effects of family involvement and altruism on agency costs of equity and debt, as well on the performance of small family businesses. To achieve this objective, the authors reviewed the literature on family business. Drawing from agency theory and stewardship theory, the authors also proposed a research model that highlights the links among the variables. In so doing, this paper makes some contributions to the literature in three ways. Firstly, it takes an integrative framework that may help to explain behaviors oriented towards maximizing potential performance within a context in which pro-organizational attitudes co-exist with self-serving motivations. Secondly, it advances the understanding of corporate governance mechanisms in small family businesses, and finally, it deepens the discussion of prior research by advancing a set of propositions based on two theoretical approaches. Thus, the authors believe that a systematic comparison of different contexts provides new insights into small family business governance. The implications and directions for future research are in the last section.
文摘Loto'i Tongas"the big heart"-is a term describing all that is Tongan: the passion, joy, spirit, and the mind. This quality of being Tongan shapes the way in which Tongans work together to achieve successful outcomes. Loto'i Tonga influences activities such as community development projects, social and health services initiatives, as well as the passion seen when Tongan engages in sporting activities. This case study describes a community development project in West Auckland, New Zealand, which brought together the Tongan community. The primary aim of the project was to improve the health and wellbeing of Tongans living in West Auckland. Conducted over several years, the project resulted in the establishment of vegetable gardens, a Tongan pre-school centre, and a woman's home-based development initiative resulting in the production of a variety of crafts as well as well-being activities. These successful outcomes provide a clear message to both Tongan and non-Tongan leaders that a way to success in Tongan community development is to empower Tongans to be able to lead and take control over determinants of their life and their well-being. Loto'i Tonga is a key cultural value that determines such outcomes.
文摘Genuine interest, research zeal, and visual art expressiveness which are typical of the pre-school period can pose a challenge to every teacher, at the same time, guide them when planning different contents for children to explore and discover. As one of the primary expressing media and an important support when forming concepts, visual art plays an indispensable role in the pre-school period. The following thesis is based on an action research whose key tendencies were focused on establishing children's interests in different useful materials and tools while enabling them an autonomous visual art use of these tools and didactical possibilities of the teacher involved. The activities included in the research were fully in line with the Slovenian National Kindergarten Curriculum and the project was carried out in the form of several successive meetings intended for visual art creative activities. All activities in the research were photo-documented while the analysis of the research's data was performed based on observation and written notes referring to individual child's responses, his or her questions, ideas, and incentives, the course of cognitive and creative process, communication with the peers and teachers and other potential particularities.
文摘Gala is the creation of a complex system of project, planning is one of the important aspect of its creation. Party theme is clear, determination of content, the party structure, artistic, rendering of the program, the cast, in planning sessions are established. In the process of planning, we need use star advantage of media expansion strategy, and rely on government agencies, planning strategies such as beauty handsome effect to complete; system restructuring, backward thinking, and innovative methods such as the application of new technologies to accomplish the party's breakthrough innovation. But no matter what strategy is used, how, in the planning of cultural show, Planner is always the first factor, if there is no "planer" to participate in; party planning will be a problem. It is the use of planning methods and people are taking advantage of the above strategies, using the right kind of htunan way at the same time that complete party planning.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFA0606400)he Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB40000000)+5 种基金the 2nd Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (2019QZKK0101)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y201681)partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41888101)the National Social Science Foundation of China (18ZDA172)the National Science Foundation of United States (NSF 1702816, EAR-0908792, and EAR-1211299)a part of the ‘‘Belt & Road” Project of the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS)。
文摘Arid Central Asia(ACA), with its diverse landscapes of high mountains, oases, and deserts, hosted the central routes of the Silk Roads that linked trade centers from East Asia to the eastern Mediterranean.Ecological pockets and ecoclines in ACA are largely determined by local precipitation. However, little research has gone into the effects of hydroclimatic changes on trans-Eurasian cultural exchange. Here,we reconstruct precipitation changes in ACA, covering the mid-late Holocene with a U-Th dated, ~3 a resolution, multi-proxy time series of replicated stalagmites from the southeastern Fergana Valley,Kyrgyzstan. Our data reveal a 640-a megadrought between 5820 and 5180 a BP, which likely impacted cultural development in ACA and impeded the expansion of cultural traits along oasis routes. Instead,it may have diverted the earliest transcontinental exchange along the Eurasian steppe during the 5 th millennium BP. With gradually increasing precipitation after the megadrought, settlement of peoples in the oases and river valleys may have facilitated the opening of the oasis routes, ‘‘prehistoric Silk Roads", of trans-Eurasian exchange. By the 4 th millennium BP, this process may have reshaped cultures across the two continents, laying the foundation for the organized Silk Roads.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(Grant No.51025934)the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(Grant No.2012AA050205)
文摘Accurate and reliable hydrological forecasting is essential for water resource management. Feedforward neural networks can provide satisfactory forecast results in most cases, but traditional gradient-based training algorithms are usually time-consum- ing and may easily converge to local minimum. Hence, how to obtain more appropriate parameters for feedforward neural networks with more precise prediction within shorter time has been a challenging task. Extreme learning machine (ELM), a new training algorithm for single-hidden layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs), has been proposed to avoid these disad- vantages. In this study, a conjunction model of wavelet neural networks with ELM (WNN-ELM) is proposed for 1-month ahead discharge forecasting, The ~ trous wavelet transform is used to decompose the original discharge time series into several sub-series. The sub-series are then used as inputs for SLFNs coupled with ELM algorithm (SLFNs^ELM); the output is the next step observed discharge. For comparison, the SLFNs-ELM and support vector machine (SVM) are also employed. Monthly discharge time series data from two reservoirs in southwestern China are derive] for validating the models. In addi- tion, four quantitative standard statistical performance evaluation measures are utilized to evaluate the model performance. The results indicate that the SLFNs-ELM performs slightly better than the SVM for peak discharge estimation, and the proposed model WNN-ELM provides more accurate forecast precision than SLFNs-ELM and SVM
文摘Dislocation of the elbow along with shaft fractures of both bones of the ipsilateral forearm is a rare injury though elbow dislocation or fracture of the forearm bones may occur separately. Such injuries need a concentric reduction of the dislocation and an anatomical fixation of forearm bones for optimal functional outcomes. We report a case of elbow dislocation with fracture of the lateral condyle of the hu- merus along with fractures of shafts of the radius and ulna in a 44-year-old female. Closed reduction of the elbow and operative stabilization of all fractures were done with good clinical, radiological and functional outcomes in 2 years follow-up period. A significant degree of force is needed to produce a combined dislocation of a joint and fracture of bones around that joint and these complex injuries may be missed if the clinician is not aware of the possibility of such injuries. The fact that the previously reported cases had a posterolateral dislocation while our case had a posteromedial dislocation and a fracture of the lateral humeral condyle as well makes it unique in its presentation and worth reporting. We have also included an up to date literature review on this topic.
基金supported by Hong Kong Research Grants Council(HKRGC)(Grant Nos.CUHK400412 and HKBU203311)CUHK Direct Allocation Grant(Grant No.4053007)+1 种基金CUHK Focused Investment Scheme(Grant No.1902036)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11301055)
文摘In ground-based astronomy, images of objects in outer space are acquired via ground-based tele- scopes. However, the imaging system is generally interfered by atmospheric turbulence and hence images so acquired are blurred with unknown point spread function (PSF). To restore the observed images, aberration of the wavefront at the telescope's aperture, i.e., the phase, is utilized to derive the PSF. However, the phase is not readily available. Instead, its gradients can be collected by wavefront sensors. Thus the usual approach is to use regularization methods to reconstruct high-resolution phase gradients and then use them to recover the phase in high accuracy. Here, we develop a model that reconstructs the phase directly. The proposed model uses the tight frame regularization and it can be solved efficiently by the Douglas-Rachford alternating direction method of multipliers whose convergence has been well established. Numerical results illustrate that our new model is efficient and gives more accurate estimation for the PSF.
文摘Wang Shu-he, or Wang Xi, was anoutstanding physician from Gaoping (Gaoping of Shanxi Province; another saying is Ji'ning of Shandong Province) of Western Jin Dynasty who lived around the 3rd CeIltUi3T His major contribution was the 10 w)lumes of Mai.