前睾吸虫亚科的研究(吸虫纲:半尾科)

本文介绍了半尾科前睾亚科吸虫的发现、变迁和研究历史。在半尾科中仅有该亚科的虫种是睾丸均在腹吸盘之前,并依两性管和受精囊的有无等特征分为前睾属和拟前睾属两属。文内还叙述了一个新种,天津前睾吸虫Prosorchis tianjinensis sp. nov. 并讨论了新种与前黄前睾吸虫、西沙前睾吸虫两近似种的区别。本亚科原来虫种均系海产鱼寄生虫,惟我们这个新种发现于淡水鱼黄鳝,扩大了该类吸虫宿主的分布范围。

寄生在蝙蝠的斜睾吸虫及一新纪录

蝙蝠主要分布于温带地区,在哺乳动物中,除啮齿类外,种数亦是较多之一目。本省常见的蝙蝠,通常白天在屋洞或岩缝中倒悬栖息,晨昏外出飞捕昆虫。所食昆虫以双翅目种类最多,对人类大有益处。蝙蝠类多有群栖的习性,尤以越冬时为著,栖息地所聚集的粪便是一种很好的有机肥料。中药“夜明砂”即用蝙蝠粪加工而成。因此蝙蝠是一种对人类有益的益兽,应当加以研究。关于蝙蝠体内的寄生虫,在国外做得相当完整,而国内报导极少。

关于离睾属(Orchidasma)吸虫分类的讨论

作者于1983年获得嵊泗岛捕捉的海龟二只,从小肠中检得许多吸虫,经鉴定属端睾科Telorchiidae Stumkard 1924,离睾亚科Orchidasmatinae Dollfus 1937年,离睾属Orchidasma Looss 1900,的端睾离睾吸虫Orchidasma amphiorchis(Braun 1899)Braun 1901,其特征简达如下,测量100个标本,数据均以mm为单位。

Serum measurements of testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in the diagnosis of prostate cancer among Korean men

Aim： To investigate the relationships of serum testosterone, insulin-like growth factor （IGF）- 1 and IGF-binding protein （IGFBP）-3 levels with prostate cancer risk and also with known prognostic parameters of prostate cancer in Korean men who received radical retropubic prostatectomy （RRP） for clinically-localized prostate cancer. Methods： Serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were determined in 592 patients who subsequently received prostate biopsy. Results were compared between patients who eventually received RRP for prostate cancer （n = 159） and those who were not diagnosed with prostate cancer from biopsy （control group, n = 433）. Among the prostate cancer only patients, serum hormonal levels obtained were analyzed in relation to serum prostate specific antigen （PSA）, pathological T stage and pathological Gleason score. Results： Prostate cancer patients and the control group demon- strated no significant differences regarding serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 across the different age groups. Among the cancer only patients, no significant associations were observed for serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels with pathological T stage, pathological Oleason score and preoperative PSA. Conclusion： Our data indicate that simple quantifications of serum testosterone and IGF-1 along with IGFBP-3 levels might not provide useful clinical information in the diagnosis of clinically localized prostate cancer in Korean men. Also, our results suggest that serum levels of testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 might not be significantly associated with known prognostic factors of clinically localized prostate cancer in Korean men. （Asian J Androl 2008 Mar; 10： 207-213）

Serum testosterone suppression and potential for agonistic stimulation during chronic treatment with monthly depot formulation of domestic substitute of leuprorelin acetate microspheres for metastatic prostate cancer

Objective： We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of serum testosterone suppression as well as the potential for agonistic stimulation of serum testosterone during chronic treatment with monthly （3.75 mg） depot formulation of domestic substitute of leuprorelin acetate microspheres for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Methods： A total of 23 patients with metastatic prostate cancer were enrolled in the prospective study and received 6 monthly intramuscular depot injections of domestic substitute of leuprorelin acetate microspheres. Their levels and patterns of serum testosterone suppression and the potential for agonistic stimulation of serum testosterone were monitored following injection monthly （3.75 rag） depot formulation of domestic substitute of leuprorelin acetate microspheres for 24 weeks. Results： Mean testosterone was 431.4 ng/dL, 119.3 ng/dL, 28.2 ng/dL by week 1, 2, 3 and decreased to less than 15.6 ng/dL by week 4 where it remained throughout the treatment period. Median time to suppression of serum testosterone was 20.7 days. No transient minor ＂escape＂ from suppression occurred in all patients which was defined as a single testosterone value greater than 50 ng/dL once suppression was achieved. Assessment of agonistic stimulation following the second depot injection revealed no pattern of stimulation. Conclusion： We concluded that monthly （3.75 mg） depot formulation of domestic substitute of leuprorelin acetate microspheres could provide persistent, stable suppression of serum testosterone throughout the dosing intervals, and that the initial depot injection of this formulation also could provide sufficient pituitary desensitization to prevent agnostic stimulation of serum testosterone during chronic treatment.