According to the principles of simultaneous equilibrium and mass equilibrium, the thermodynamics model of the precipitation-coordination equilibrium of Ni2＋-C2H8N2- 2-2 4C O -H2O system was established, and calculati...According to the principles of simultaneous equilibrium and mass equilibrium, the thermodynamics model of the precipitation-coordination equilibrium of Ni2＋-C2H8N2- 2-2 4C O -H2O system was established, and calculation for the relationships between concentration of each substance in solution and parameters was carried out, including pH value, concentrations of ethylenediamine and oxalate by MATLAB program. The results show that Ni exists as Ni2＋and [Ni（C2O4）n]2-2n mainly at pH〈1 and pH=1-6, respectively. When pH〉6, the complex between Ni2＋and ethylenediamine is predominant. The precursor of Ni microfiber was prepared by an oxalate precipitation process using ethylenediamine as a coordination agent, and the role of ethylenediamine in the growth of the precursor fiber was discussed. The Ni microfiber can be obtained by a thermal decomposition-reduction process of the precursor in N2 and H2 mixed atmosphere. The diameters and aspect ratios of the obtained Ni microfibers are 0.2-1 μm and 20-30, respectively.展开更多
Fibrous particulate precursor was obtained by precipitation transformation in the ternary solution system of ammonium oxalate, nickel chloride and ammonia. The composition and morphology of precursor were characterize...Fibrous particulate precursor was obtained by precipitation transformation in the ternary solution system of ammonium oxalate, nickel chloride and ammonia. The composition and morphology of precursor were characterized by XRD, SEM, IR and DTA/TGA analyses. The results show that the chemical composition and morphology of precursor precipitates at pH=8.4？8.8 are different from those of precursor precipitates at pH=6.0, and the mechanisms of the thermal decomposition of the precursors are different. The effects of various conditions in the process of thermal decomposition, including precursor morphology, atmosphere, temperature and time on the morphology and dispersion degree of obtained nickel powders were studied in detail. The final product inherits the morphology of precursor when the thermal decomposition is conducted under a weakly reducing atmosphere at temperature range of 400？440 °C for 30 min. Fibrous nickel powder can be produced with good dispersion, and its shape changes from smooth, straight and compact fiber into loose and curved fiber with rough surface.展开更多
In this study,we fabricated a NiOx film by electrodeposition of an ethanediamine nickel complex precursor(pH=11)on a fluorine‐doped tin oxide substrate.The resulting film is robust and exhibits high catalytic activit...In this study,we fabricated a NiOx film by electrodeposition of an ethanediamine nickel complex precursor(pH=11)on a fluorine‐doped tin oxide substrate.The resulting film is robust and exhibits high catalytic activity for electrochemical water oxidation.Water oxidation is initiated with an overpotential of375mV(1mA/cm2)and a steady current density of8.5mA/cm2is maintained for at least10h at1.3V versus the normal hydrogen electrode.Kinetic analysis reveals that there is a2e?/3H+pre‐equilibrium process before the chemical rate‐determining step.The low‐cost preparation,robustness,and longevity make this catalyst competitive for applications in solar energy conversion and storage.展开更多
基金Project(CX2012B046)supported by Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,ChinaProject(20090162120080)supported by the Doctorate Fund of Education Minister of China
文摘According to the principles of simultaneous equilibrium and mass equilibrium, the thermodynamics model of the precipitation-coordination equilibrium of Ni2＋-C2H8N2- 2-2 4C O -H2O system was established, and calculation for the relationships between concentration of each substance in solution and parameters was carried out, including pH value, concentrations of ethylenediamine and oxalate by MATLAB program. The results show that Ni exists as Ni2＋and [Ni（C2O4）n]2-2n mainly at pH〈1 and pH=1-6, respectively. When pH〉6, the complex between Ni2＋and ethylenediamine is predominant. The precursor of Ni microfiber was prepared by an oxalate precipitation process using ethylenediamine as a coordination agent, and the role of ethylenediamine in the growth of the precursor fiber was discussed. The Ni microfiber can be obtained by a thermal decomposition-reduction process of the precursor in N2 and H2 mixed atmosphere. The diameters and aspect ratios of the obtained Ni microfibers are 0.2-1 μm and 20-30, respectively.
基金Project(2010FJ3012)supported by the Science and Technology Plan Foundation of Hunan Province,China
文摘Fibrous particulate precursor was obtained by precipitation transformation in the ternary solution system of ammonium oxalate, nickel chloride and ammonia. The composition and morphology of precursor were characterized by XRD, SEM, IR and DTA/TGA analyses. The results show that the chemical composition and morphology of precursor precipitates at pH=8.4？8.8 are different from those of precursor precipitates at pH=6.0, and the mechanisms of the thermal decomposition of the precursors are different. The effects of various conditions in the process of thermal decomposition, including precursor morphology, atmosphere, temperature and time on the morphology and dispersion degree of obtained nickel powders were studied in detail. The final product inherits the morphology of precursor when the thermal decomposition is conducted under a weakly reducing atmosphere at temperature range of 400？440 °C for 30 min. Fibrous nickel powder can be produced with good dispersion, and its shape changes from smooth, straight and compact fiber into loose and curved fiber with rough surface.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 program,2014CB239402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21476043)the Swedish Energy Agency and K&A Wallenberg Foundation~~
文摘In this study,we fabricated a NiOx film by electrodeposition of an ethanediamine nickel complex precursor(pH=11)on a fluorine‐doped tin oxide substrate.The resulting film is robust and exhibits high catalytic activity for electrochemical water oxidation.Water oxidation is initiated with an overpotential of375mV(1mA/cm2)and a steady current density of8.5mA/cm2is maintained for at least10h at1.3V versus the normal hydrogen electrode.Kinetic analysis reveals that there is a2e?/3H+pre‐equilibrium process before the chemical rate‐determining step.The low‐cost preparation,robustness,and longevity make this catalyst competitive for applications in solar energy conversion and storage.
