任意剖面显示算法研究

对三维体数据进行立体显示的基本方式之一是任意剖面显示。但是，现有算法得到的剖面边缘不同程度地有模糊。本文对任意剖面显示过程中象素的重采样，象素的重赋值，以及加权系数的选择三个方面做了理论分析和实验研究。基于上述分析，作者提出了一种基于边界的选择性邻域体素算法，较好地解决了边缘模糊问题。并对此算法进行了优化，使其速度大大提高。最后，对已有的剖面显示算法进行了比较。

绞吸挖泥船剖面显示系统

以绞吸挖泥船为应用背景介绍了剖面显示系统的工作原理、实现方法以及系统的组成和功能。应用表明方案是可行的，具有推广价值。

高效采集地质雷达的研制及应用

在研究国外地质雷达的基础上 ,设计和研制出具有我国自主产权的高效采集地质雷达系统。该雷达具有操作简便、抗干扰能力强、宽频发射、全兼容天线的主机和相应的发射、接收系统。通过物理模型实验和现场实验 ,充分说明本系统的可行性、精确性和稳定性。本系统的研制 ,将推动国内地质雷达技术的发展 ,为高质量的工程检测提供技术支持。

一种三维地形图重建技术的研究

提出在地形等高线航图基础上构造民航管制雷达地形图 ,相比马赛克法具有更大的灵活性和精确度 ,运用该技术实现了实时动态飞行航路剖面显示 ,让民航管制人员可以直观地观察飞行动态 ,从而有效地避免飞行撞地事故 .

标准粮田建设与规划设计(中) 标准粮田建设的主要内容

一、培育耕地基础地力 1．加深耕作层．提高土壤容肥和保肥能力20多年来，随着浅耕机械大范围取代中大型拖拉机及牛耕，耕层普遍变浅。湘阴县实地挖剖面显示，耕作层由第2次土壤普查时的25厘米下降到12厘米。据沅江市耕地地力调查结果显示，耕层10厘米-15厘米的增加26．9％，15厘米～20厘米的减少14．81％。因此，应采取深耕、客土、增施有机肥等措施，使耕层达到18厘米以上，提高土壤容肥、贮肥和保肥能力。

低序级断层识别技术在稠油难采区块研究中的应用

辽河稠油难采区块多位于主力油藏的边部,断裂系统错综复杂,在构造解释过程中,低序级断层的识别难度较大。在针对难采区块低序级断层研究过程中,总结形成了低序级断层的解释研究思路,通过优选地震资料,运用多种不同技术方法对断层在剖面、平面进行解释及组合,然后再从三维立体进行验证。运用该研究思路,结合多种技术方法,识别出常规单一解释方法难于识别的低序级小断层,在稠油难采区块构造研究工作中取得了较好的效果,为辽河油田稠油难采井位部署奠定了坚实的基础。

The effects of soil sand contents on characteristics of humic acids along soil profiles

It is generally accepted that the compositions and properties of soil organic matter(SOM) are in?uenced by many factors. In order to reveal the effects of soil texture on characteristics and dynamics of SOM and its sub-fraction,humic acid(HA), along two soil pro?les, a yellow soil pro?le and a purplish soil pro?le, under the same climate and vegetation conditions were determined. Results indicate that the decomposition and humi?cation degrees of SOM and HA of the purplish soils are higher than those of the corresponding yellow soils indicated by A/O–A ratios of HAs, TOCs and HA yields of bulk soil samples, nevertheless, the development degree of the purplish soil is lower than that of the yellow soil. The variations of E_4/E_6 ratios of HAs along the soil pro?les indicate the overall molecular sizes of HAs decreased downward along the soil pro?les.A/O–A ratios of HAs decreased downward along both the soil pro?les indicate that humi?cation processes decrease downward along both the soil pro?les. Leaching of SOM shows signi?cant effects on the distribution and characteristics of HAs in the yellow soil pro?le but the purplish soil pro?le, which is consistent with the higher hydrophobicity of HAs in purplish soils, shows that the distribution characteristics of SOM along the soil pro?les are a complex result of the combination of soil texture and characteristics of SOM itself. The remarkably different sand contents are concluded tentatively as one of reasons to the different distributions and dynamics of HAs along the soil pro?les,however, to profoundly understand the evolution and transport of SOM along soil pro?les needs more researches.

Study on the geochemical correlation of crude oils of Palaeocene and Jurassic ages from the Potowar Indus Basin in northern Pakistan

This study deals with a detailed geochemical characterization of three crude oils from the Upper Indus Basin,Punjab,Pakistan.The samples were obtained from three productive oil fields of the Datta Formation(Jurassic),Lochhart(Palaeocene) and the Dhak Pass zone(Palaeocene).The GC parameters for and the bulk properties of Datta Formation oils are essentially coincident with those of the oils from the Dhak Pass Formation in the Upper Indus Basin,Pakistan and the oils likely originate from a marine source rock.In contrast,the Lockhart Formation oils show different behaviors and seem to be originated from dirty carbonate rocks although all three crude oils are mature,being of non-biodegraded and somewhat mixed organic matter origin.Low Pr/Ph values and high C35 homohopane index for the Lockhart Formation oils suggest a source of anoxic environment with low Eh while oils from the Datta Formation and Dhak Pass Formation showed different trends,i.e.,lower values of C35 homohopane index indicating different depositional environment than oil from the Lockhart Formation.All three crude oils from the Upper Indus Basin are mature for the hopane ratios,i.e.,Ts/Ts+Tm,C3222S/(S+R) and C30 αβ/(αβ+βα) and sterane ratios,i.e.,C2922S/(S+R) and C29ββ/(ββ+αα) but oils from the Lockhart Formation seem to be less mature than those from the Palaeocene and Datta Formation according to plots like API° vs.homohopane Index,Pr/Ph vs.sterane.The relative composition of 5α(H),14β(H),17β(H)-24-ethylecholestanes and the C2920S/20S+20R index,indicate that all three crude oils are equally mature,which makes it unlikely with respect to the above said plots.This difference is may be due to the migratory chromatography which alters the concentrations of sterane and hoapnes and hence gives different results.These oils do not exhibit UCM and have complete n-alkane profiles indicating non-biodegradation.

Geochemistry of the trace elements and rare-earth elements at the boundary between Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 at Jianshan,South China:Paleoenvironmental and stratigraphic implications

The Jianshan section in Jianhe County,Guizhou Province,is a very important auxiliary section to the candidate stratotype at the boundary between Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3.Twenty four samples collected from the Jianshan section of the Kaili Formation were analyzed for the concentrations of trace element and rare-earth elements(REEs) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The trace element and REE geochemical characteristics of the Kaili Formation at the Jianshan section show that trace element composition and REE distribution patterns across the section are covariant.Notably,at 44 m above the base of the Kaili Formation,most trace element contents and REEs concentrations are lower than those values observed below 44 m.Above 44 m,an increasing trend in the concentration of both trace elements and REEs is observed.These geochemical data indicate important,but subtle,changes at the 44 m horizon.If this is,in fact,verified by work in progress,geochemical criteria can provide additional supports for defining the top surface of Cambrian Series 2,especially in sections where Oryctocephalus indicus is absent.Trace element ratios,specifically Ni/Co,V/Cr,V/(Ni+V) and Th/U as well as Ce and Eu anomalies indicate that the sedimentary environment of the Kaili Formation at the Jianshan section was oxidizing,that benthic redox conditions were less oxic,and may have been influenced by freshwater as compared to the Balang area.Moreover,the Eu anomalies observed in the Kaili Formation are similar to the negative Eu anomalies observed in post-Archean sedimentary rocks,and reveal fluctuations in oxygen content from the bottom to the top of the Kaili Formation.

复杂断块油气藏地震解释及构造特征分析方法

下文在剖面多方式展示、剖面滑块对比、切片提取、断层检查测验分析等几个方面说明了几种地震解释以及构造特性分析方式。但是每一种技术都不是万能的,只有依据不同地区的实际情况,不同沉积环境以及不同油气藏的种类特性,以及各式各样的资料进行整体性分析,才可以获取最为优异的解释成效。

委内瑞拉马拉开波盆地南部深埋的下白垩统古岩溶体

白垩系碳酸盐岩构成了南美板块北缘广泛分布的被动陆缘地层，而且在诸如梅里达安第斯（Merida Andes）和塞拉德佩里哈（Sierrade Perijfi）这样的隆起和变形的山岭有出露。与井下资料进行过对比的区域地震剖面显示，300m厚的白垩系碳酸盐台地在委内瑞拉西部的整个马拉开波盆地都有分布。我们采用由委内瑞拉国家石油公司提供的1600km^2三维地震反射数据以及对确定地震反射面的地质年代和环境有用的井下资料，研究了马拉开波盆地南部的白垩系碳酸盐岩地层。井下资料有助于识别地下的重要岩性层段并与盆地边缘露头研究的层段进行对比。 3．7～4．5s（5-7km）深度范围的地震反射时间切片显示，在整个三维地震研究区存在一个明显的不规则反射面，并显示为宽约600m、深约100m的近圆形下凹。我们认为这些近圆形的构造是落水洞，它们是下白垩统碳酸盐台地在热带气候条件下出露地表时遭受风化的结果。观测到的这些圆形构造的规模与现代岩溶环境灰岩落水洞的规模相当。推断的岩溶地层与测井资料的对比显示，这套古岩溶地层分布在阿普第阶（Aptian）阿泊恩（Apen）组浅水碳酸盐岩层序内。我们推断马拉开波盆地南部的古岩溶是在阿普第期海平面下降过程中形成的。包括墨西哥湾在内的世界其它地区的阿普第阶证据显示，阿普第期出现过海平面下降。在马拉开波盆地以及南美北部广阔被动陆缘上的其他盆地，阿普第阶的古岩溶都可以成为以往未认识的油气聚集带。