Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)has been used for many wireless communication systems.However,the main drawback of this method is the high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio(PAPR).Selected Mapping(SLM)is a te...Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)has been used for many wireless communication systems.However,the main drawback of this method is the high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio(PAPR).Selected Mapping(SLM)is a technique used for solving the high PAPR problem in OFDM systems.In SLM,the original data sequence is multiplied by a set of predetermined phase sequences and multiple signals with different PAPRs are generated.Then,the one with the lowest PAPR is selected for transmission.The SLM method requires sending of some bits as Side Information(SI)for each data block,which is of critical importance to the receiver for decoding.The SI bits cause a decrease in the bandwidth efficiency;furthermore,incorrect SI detection leads to the loss of an entire data block.In this paper,we exhibit a new SLM technique by using a Multiple Recursive Generator(MRG),a method of generating pseudo random sequences,to send data without explicit SI bits.We show that the proposed technique performs very well in terms of the Bit Error Rate(BER),Probability of detection failure(Pdf)and PAPR reduction.展开更多
The Leibniz-Hopf algebra is the free associative algebra with one generator in each positive degree and coproduct given by the Cartan formula. Quasi-symmetric functions are a generalisation of symmetric functions [7],...The Leibniz-Hopf algebra is the free associative algebra with one generator in each positive degree and coproduct given by the Cartan formula. Quasi-symmetric functions are a generalisation of symmetric functions [7],and the algebra of quasi-symmetric functions appear as the dual of the Leibniz-Hopf algebra. The Leibniz-Hopf algebra and its dual are word Hopf algebras and play an important role in combinatorics, algebra and topology. We give some properties of words and consider an another view of proof for the antipode in the dual Leibniz-Hopf algebra.展开更多
The Leibniz-Hopf algebra is the free associative Z - algebra with one generator in each positive degree and coproduct is given by the Cartan formula. It has been also known as the ＇ring ofnoncommutative symmetric fun...The Leibniz-Hopf algebra is the free associative Z - algebra with one generator in each positive degree and coproduct is given by the Cartan formula. It has been also known as the ＇ring ofnoncommutative symmetric functions＇ [1], and to be isomorphic to the Solomon Descent algebra [ 12]. This Hopf algebra has links with algebra,topology and combinatorics. In this article we consider another approach of proof for the antipode formula in the Leibniz-Hopf algebra by using some properties of words in [2].展开更多
基金The Iran Telecommunications Research Centre for financial support
文摘Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)has been used for many wireless communication systems.However,the main drawback of this method is the high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio(PAPR).Selected Mapping(SLM)is a technique used for solving the high PAPR problem in OFDM systems.In SLM,the original data sequence is multiplied by a set of predetermined phase sequences and multiple signals with different PAPRs are generated.Then,the one with the lowest PAPR is selected for transmission.The SLM method requires sending of some bits as Side Information(SI)for each data block,which is of critical importance to the receiver for decoding.The SI bits cause a decrease in the bandwidth efficiency;furthermore,incorrect SI detection leads to the loss of an entire data block.In this paper,we exhibit a new SLM technique by using a Multiple Recursive Generator(MRG),a method of generating pseudo random sequences,to send data without explicit SI bits.We show that the proposed technique performs very well in terms of the Bit Error Rate(BER),Probability of detection failure(Pdf)and PAPR reduction.
文摘The Leibniz-Hopf algebra is the free associative algebra with one generator in each positive degree and coproduct given by the Cartan formula. Quasi-symmetric functions are a generalisation of symmetric functions [7],and the algebra of quasi-symmetric functions appear as the dual of the Leibniz-Hopf algebra. The Leibniz-Hopf algebra and its dual are word Hopf algebras and play an important role in combinatorics, algebra and topology. We give some properties of words and consider an another view of proof for the antipode in the dual Leibniz-Hopf algebra.
文摘The Leibniz-Hopf algebra is the free associative Z - algebra with one generator in each positive degree and coproduct is given by the Cartan formula. It has been also known as the ＇ring ofnoncommutative symmetric functions＇ [1], and to be isomorphic to the Solomon Descent algebra [ 12]. This Hopf algebra has links with algebra,topology and combinatorics. In this article we consider another approach of proof for the antipode formula in the Leibniz-Hopf algebra by using some properties of words in [2].
