新型让压锚杆力学特性试验及承载变形机理研究

针对现有锚杆结构在市政丁程、隧道及边坡支护结构中的不足,提出了一种新型让压锚杆,分析了其力学特征及承载变形机理,并对比了普通锚杆、普通让压锚杆、新型让压锚杆在岩土体中的能量变化原理。首先,对新型让压锚杆进行了室内拉拔试验,得到了其力学特征曲线;然后,基于锚固力增长曲线,对新型让压锚杆与普通锚杆、普通让压锚杆的承载形变机理进行了比对分析,得到新型让压锚杆3方面的优势:即适用性更广、性能更优、变形可控更具灵活性;最后,基于能量原理,构建了3种不同类型锚杆的能量积分表达式,并依据能量本构关系,对3种锚杆的极限能量值进行了对比分析。试验研究及理论分析均验证了新型让压锚杆更适合具有膨胀性的隧道及边坡岩土体支护加固,可为新型锚杆的支护使用提供重要指导,为类似工程的设计、施工提供重要参考。

Mechanical and damage evolution properties of sandstone under triaxial compression

To study the mechanical and damage evolution properties of sandstone under triaxial compression, we analyzed the stress strain curve characteristics, deformation and strength properties, and failure process and characteristics of sandstone samples under different stress states. The experimental results reveal that peak strength, residual strength, elasticity modulus and deformation modulus increase linearly with confining pressure, and failure models transform from fragile failure under low confining pressure to ductility failure under high confining pressure. Macroscopic failure forms of samples under uniaxial compression were split failure parallel to the axis of samples, while macroscopic failure forms under uniaxial compression were shear failure, the shear failure angle of which decreased linearly with confin- ing pressure. There were significant volume dilatation properties in the loading process of sandstone under different confining pressures, and we analyzed the damage evolution properties of samples based on acoustic emission damage and volumetric dilatation damage, and established damage constitutive model, realizing the real-time Quantitative evaluation of samnles damage state in loading process.