大豆总皂甙对运动力竭大鼠肾脏自由基代谢的影响

SD大鼠随机分为四个组:对照组、安静皂甙组、力竭组和力竭皂甙组.安静皂甙组和力竭皂甙组按照20mg/kg经口腔给药,每日一次,持续2周,力竭组和对照组灌服相同体积生理盐水.2周后进行一次跑台急性力竭运动.动物力竭后即刻取材,分离肾脏,制成10%组织匀浆.分光光度法测试肾组织SOD、CAT、MDA、GSH-Px、GR、GSH和T-AOC;各组数据进行单因素方差分析、S-N-K检验并计算效应量Cohen′s d值.结果显示:(1)TS能显著延长大鼠力竭运动时间;(2)相比于对照组,安静皂甙组SOD和GR活性显著升高(P<0.05),而MDA显著降低(P<0.01);相比于力竭组,力竭皂甙组SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05);相比于安静皂甙组,力竭皂甙组GR活性降低(P<0.05)而MDA水平显著升高(P<0.05);(3)TS对运动力竭大鼠肾脏各抗氧化指标显示出了正性的影响,尤其是提升SOD活性.

大豆总皂甙对运动力竭大鼠心肌抗氧化能力影响的实验研究

目的:研究大豆总皂甙(TS)对运动力竭大鼠心肌抗氧化能力的影响。方法:采用跑台一次力竭急性实验造模。分为四组:安静组,安静加药组,力竭组,力竭加药组。跑台速度30m/min,运动至力竭后立即取材,分光光度法测试心肌组织SOD(超氧化物歧化酶),CAT(过氧化氢酶),MDA(丙二醛),GSH-Px(谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶),GR(谷胱甘肽还原酶),GSH(还原型谷胱甘肽),T-AOC(总抗氧化能力)等指标。结果:与安静组相比,安静加药组SOD、GSH-Px活性显著增强(P<0.05),CAT和GR极显著增强(P<0.01),力竭组GR极显著升高(P<0.01);与力竭组相比,力竭加药组SOD活性、T-AOC显著增强,而MDA显著降低,均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),GSH-Px极显著升高(P<0.01);与力竭加药组相比,安静加药组GR极显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:TS能显著的提高运动大鼠心肌组织抗氧化能力,降低MDA生成,延长其力竭运动时间,延缓运动疲劳的发生。

补充葡萄多酚对力竭大鼠骨骼肌、肝脏自由基代谢及运动功能的影响的研究

目的探讨葡萄多酚对大鼠骨骼肌自由基代谢、运动能力的影响。方法:建立力竭模型,测定各组小鼠的SOD,MDA,GSH-PX,TAC以及力竭时间。结果:运动组、运动多酚组大鼠骨骼肌中SOD活性都高于对照组,MDA含量都低于对照组,力竭游泳时间都明显延长。结论:葡萄多酚能够增强机体抗氧化能力,提高大鼠运动能力。

补充NO前体左旋精氨酸对一次性力竭运动大鼠心肌ATP酶的影响

为了探讨左旋精氨酸(L-Arg)对力竭运动大鼠运动能力和心肌ATP酶的影响,采用大鼠游泳训练模型,测定了心肌中乳酸(LD)含量、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)以及ATP酶活性。结果显示,补充L-Arg对大鼠运动时间、LD含量、NOS和Ca2+-ATPase活性的提高均有显著意义,Na+-K+-ATPase活性变化不显著。提示补充适量L-Arg能够提高大鼠运动能力,其机理与提高心肌肌浆网Ca2+-ATPase的活性有关。

黄精多糖对力竭运动大鼠外周血MAPK信号通路及炎症反应的影响

以SD大鼠为研究对照,将30只SD大鼠随机分为安静组、运动组、多糖运动组,每组10只。安静组不做干预,运动组、多糖运动组隔天1次进行力竭运动,共20 d。多糖运动组灌胃给药,剂量为150 mg·(kg·d)^(-1)黄精多糖溶液,安静组、运动组服用同剂量生理盐水。运动结束后测定各组大鼠全血白细胞数(WPC),c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、P38激酶(P38)和细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)基因表达,以及白介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、IL-10、一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化碳合酶(NOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、内皮细胞性一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)水平,探讨黄精多糖对力竭运动大鼠外周血MAPK(mitogen-activated protein kinase)信号通路及炎症反应的影响。结果表明:与安静组相比,运动组和多糖运动组WPC,JNK、P38、ERK基因表达,以及IL-1β、IL-6、NO、NOS、iNOS升高,eNOS降低(P<0.05);与运动组相比,多糖运动组WPC,JNK、P38、ERK基因,以及IL-1β、IL-6、NO、NOS、iNOS、eNOS水平降低,IL-10、eNOS升高(P<0.05)。综上,黄精多糖对力竭运动后大鼠产生的炎症反应有一定的拮抗作用,其机制可能通过下调JNK、P38、ERK基因表达,进而正向调控炎症因子、炎性介质的分泌,减轻机体炎症反应。

白藜芦醇通过调节SIRT1/NF-κB通路减轻力竭训练致大鼠肾的炎症反应

白藜芦醇是天然存在的沉默信息调节因子2相关酶1(sirtuin1,SIRT1)小分子激动剂,其肾的保护作用已在多种肾疾病动物模型中得到了验证。然而,白藜芦醇是否能够改善力竭训练导致的大鼠肾损伤,以及是否通过SIRT1/NF-κB信号通路调节运动性肾损伤大鼠肾炎症反应,尚缺乏系统研究。本研究将32只SD大鼠随机分为安静对照组(Con组),白藜芦醇组(Rsv组),力竭运动组(Ex组),力竭运动+白藜芦醇组(Ex+Rsv组)。Rsv和Ex+Rsv组每天灌胃50 mg/kg体重剂量的白藜芦醇, Ex和Ex+Rsv组进行4周力竭训练,最后1次训练后24 h取材。本研究结果显示,与Con组相比,Ex组大鼠Scr(175.66±16.08 vs.153.34±8.67,P<0.01)、BUN(6.67±0.53 vs.5.37±0.19,P<0.01)和尿NGAL(9.01±0.18 vs.7.48±0.31,P<0.01)水平均显著升高,Ex组大鼠肾组织NF-κB P65在蛋白质水平表达显著升高(0.77±0.10 vs. 0.27±0.03,P<0.01);各组大鼠肾组织SIRT1在蛋白质水平表达上,Rsv组显著高于Con组(0.90±0.14 vs. 0.43±0.15,P<0.05),Ex+Rsv组显著高于Ex组(1.0±0.28 vs. 0.38±0.12,P<0.01);与Ex组相比,Ex+Rsv组大鼠肾组织NF-κB P65(0.57±0.13 vs. 0.77±0.10,P<0.05)和Ac-NF-κB P65(0.52±0.13 vs. 0.78±0.11,P<0.05)在蛋白质水平表达显著降低。以上结果表明,4周大强度力竭运动导致大鼠出现运动性肾损伤,并激活大鼠肾NF-κB的表达。白藜芦醇可显著提高大鼠肾组织SIRT1在蛋白质水平的表达,并增加脱乙酰化作用,降低NF-κB P65蛋白质乙酰化修饰水平,进一步降低NF-κB的表达。白藜芦醇减轻力竭训练致大鼠肾的炎症反应的机制可能与SIRT1/NF-κB通路有关。

Total soy saponins improve the antioxidant capacity of the myocardium and exercise ability in exhausted rats

Purpose：The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of total soy saponins（TS） on the myocardial antioxidant capacity in rats exercised to exhaustion.Methods：The one-time exhausted treadmill model was used.All rats were divided into 4 groups：the control group,the TS group,the exhausted group,and the TS exhausted group.The TS and TS exhausted groups were fed TS at a dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight,once a day,for 2 weeks.The exhausted group was given a placebo,and the control group was not given any treatment.The treadmill speed was set at 30 m/min,and the rats（exhausted and TS exhausted groups） were trained at this speed until exhausted.The rats were decapitated and anatomized immediately after exhausted.A 10% homogenate of the myocardial tissue was prepared.Results：TS significant y increased the exercise time by 20.62%（p〈0.05）.As compared with the control group,the enzyme activities for catalase（CAT）,glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）,and glutathione reductase（GR） were significant y enhanced in the TS group（p〈0.01）;GR and GSH-Px activity was significant y enhanced in the TS exhausted group（p〈0.01）;malondialdehyde（MDA） levels were significant y decreased in the TS exhausted group（p〈0.05）.As compared with the exhausted group,the GSH-Px activity was significant y enhanced in the TS exhausted group（p〈0.01）;CAT,GSH-Px,and GR activities were significant y enhanced in the TS group（p〈0.01）.As compared with the TS group,the CAT and GR activity in the TS exhausted group was significant y decreased（p〈0.01）.Conclusion：TS can improve the exercised rats＇ antioxidant activity in their cardiac muscle to varying degrees,decrease MDA and serum AST and LDH levels,increase the exercise time,and delay the occurrence of sports fatigue.

Experimental study on the effect of moxibustion at Shenque(CV 8) for long-term exercise-induced fatigue

Objective:To investigate the effect of moxibustion at Shenque(CV 8)on fatigue in rats with chronic exercise-induced exhaustion.Methods:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group and a moxibustion group,10 rats in each group.Except rats in the blank group,the remaining rats were subjected to create long-term exhaustion models by repeated swimming.After successful modeling,rats in the moxibustion group received mild moxibustion at Shenque(CV 8)for 15 min,once every other day with a total of 10 times.Rats in the model group and the blank group did not receive moxibustion.At the end of the treatment,the exhausted times,and the body weight of rats before and after the experiment were compared among groups.The levels of blood malondialdehyde(MDA)and urea nitrogen(BUN),as well as the activities of aspartate transarninase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)were also measured by the automatic biochemical analyzer,24 h after the exhausting excise.Results:The 10 th swimming time was significantly longer in the moxibustion group than that in the model group(P〈0.01).The increase rate of the body weight was lower in the rats of the moxibustion group than that in the model group before the 7 th and the 10 th exhausting excise(P〈0.05,P〈0.01).The levels of serum MDA and BUN,as well as the activities of AST,ALT and LDH in the model group were higher than those in the blank group(all P〈0.01).The levels of serum MDA and BUN,as well as the activities of AST,ALT and LDH in the moxibustion group were lower than those in the model group(P〈0.01).Conclusion:Moxibustion at Shenque(CV 8)can decrease the serum levels of MDA and BUN,as well as activities of AST,ALT and LDH in the long-term fatigue rats,thus to improve the symptoms of fatigue.

Effects of Polysaccharides Extracted from Zhu Zi Shen(Rhizoma Panacis Majoris) on Oxidative Stress and Hemodynamics in Rats with Adriamycin-induced Chronic Heart Failure

Objective:To probe into the intervening action of polysaccharides of Zhu Zi Shen(Rhizoma Panacis Majoris)(PZZS) on oxidative stress and hemodynamics in rats with adriamycin-induced chronic congestive heart failure(CHF).Methods:After SD rats were successfully modeled with adriamycin,they were randomly divided into a normal control group,a model group,a PZZS group,and a captopril group,and were administrated respectively.At the end of experiment,the hemodynamic function,whole heart weight index,and the blood CK,SOD,MDA,NO,NOS were detected;and the myocardial morphological examinations were carried out.Results:Compared with the normal control group,the arterial systolic pressure(SBP),diastolic pressure(DBP),mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),left ventricular systolic peak(LVSP),and left ventricular pressure change rate(dp/dtmax) significantly decreased,and left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP),whole heart weight index,the blood CK,MDA,NO,NOS significantly increased in the model group.PZZS significantly improved the hemodynamic function,lowered the MDA and NO levels,and decreased the CK and NOS activities in the CHF rats.Conclusion:PZZS can improve the hemodynamic function,and alleviate the oxidative stress reaction in the CHF rat.

Effect of moxibustion at Shenque （CV 8） on free radical metabolism in rat＇s hippocampus after different degrees of exhaustive exercise

Objective： To investigate the effect of moxibustion at Shenque （CV 8） on free radical metabolism in rat＇s hippocampus after different degrees of exhaustive exercise. Methods： A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a normal group （n=8）, a model group （n=32） and a moxibustion group （n=32）. According to the times of modeling or treatment, the model group was further randomly divided into different subgroups of a 1-time model subgroup, a 4-time model subgroup, a 7-time model subgroup and a 10-time model subgroup （n=8）; the moxibustion group was also further randomly divided into different subgroups of a 1-time moxibustion subgroup, a 4-time moxibustion subgroup, a 7-time moxibustion subgroup and a 10-time moxibustion subgroup （n=8）. Rats in both model and moxibustion subgroups were subjected to establishing the swimming exhaustive model. Rats in each moxibustion subgroup received mild moxibustion at Shenque （CV 8） for 15 min immediately after modeling, once every other day. The concentration of malic dialdehyde （MDA）, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） in rat＇s hippocampus in each group were detected 24 h after the exhaustive exercise. Results： Compared with the 1-time model subgroup, the exhaustive swimming time of rats was significantly prolonged in the 4-time model subgroup （P〈0.01）, while it was significantly shortened in the 7-time and 10-time model subgroups （both P〈0.01）. Compared with the matched model subgroup, the exhaustive swimming time of rats in the 7-time and 10-time moxibustion subgroups was significantly prolonged （both P〈0.01）. Compared with the normal group, the MDA concentration was increased significantly （P〈0.01）, and the activities stress response of SOD and T-AOC were increased in the 1-time model subgroup （both P〈0.05）; the MDA concentration was increased （all P〈0.01）, and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC were decreased differently （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） in the 4-time, 7-time and 10-time model subgroups. Compared with the matched model subgroup, the concentration of MDA was significantly reduced （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC were significantly increased in the 4-time, 7-time and 10-time moxibustion subgroups （all P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Moxibustion at Shenque （CV 8） can improve the fatigue status of the body after long-term exhaustive exercise by regulating free radical metabolism in rat＇s hippocampus. To some extent, this provides an experimental basis for moxibustion at Shenque （CV 8） against exercise-induced fatigue.

Study on the differences between moxibustion at different points in the effects on the anti-fatigue ability of rats undergoing one-time exhaustive swimming

Objective:To observe the effects of moxibustion at Shenshu(BL 23),Zusanli(ST 36)and Shenque(CV 8)on the energy metabolism and endocrine metabolism indicators of rats undergoing one-time exhaustive swimming,and to explore the differences between moxibustion at different points in the effects on anti-exercise fatigue.Methods:Forty-eight male SPF rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,a non-meridian and non-acupoint group,a Shenshu(BL 23)group,a Zusanli(ST 36)group,and a Shenque(CV 8)group using random number table method,with eight rats in each group.Except for the blank group,rats in the other groups were subjected to replicating the one-time exhaustive model using the weight-bearing swimming experiment.Except for the model group,the other model rats received mild moxibustion immediately after swimming.Rats in the non-meridian and non-acupoint group received mild moxibustion at bilateral subcostal non-meridian and non-acupoint points,those in the Shenshu(BL 23)group received mild moxibustion at bilateral Shenshu(BL 23),those in the Zusanli(ST 36)group received mild moxibustion at bilateral Zusanli(ST 36),and those in the Shenque(CV 8)group received mild moxibustion at Shenque(CV 8)for 15 min.Four hours after the exhaustive swimming,femoral artery blood was collected to detect blood lactate(BLA),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),creatine kinase(CK),creatinine(CRE),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),cortisol(C)and testosterone(T)levels,and calculate the T/C ratio.Results:Compared with the blank group,rat's serum levels of BLA,LDH,CK,BUN and C in the model group and the non-meridian and non-acupoint group were increased,and serum levels of CRE and T,and T/C ratios were decreased(P<0.01 or P<0.05);compared with the model group and the non-meridian and non-acupoint group,the serum levels of BLA,LDH,CK,BUN and C in the Shenshu(BL 23)group,Zusanli(ST 36)group and Shenque(CV 8)group were decreased,and the serum CRE and T levels,and the T/C ratios were increased(all P<0.01);compared with the Shenshu(BL 23)group,the serum CK level was decreased in the Shenque(CV 8)group(P<0.01),the serum levels of T and C were decreased in the Zusanli(ST 36)group and Shenque(CV 8)group(P<0.01 or P<0.05),and the T/C ratio was increased in the Shenque(CV 8)group(P<0.01);compared with the Zusanli(ST 36)group,the serum CK and BUN levels were decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the T/C ratio was increased in the Shenque(CV 8)group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Moxibustion at Shenshu(BL 23),Zusanli(ST 36)and Shenque(CV 8)shows different anti-fatigue effects by regulating the energy metabolism and endocrine metabolism in rats undergoing one-time exhaustive swimming.Moxibustion at Shenshu(BL 23)is better in promoting energy synthesis.Moxibustion at Shenque(CV 8)is more effective in regulating synthesis and decomposition of the skeletal muscle proteins.

Medicinals with properties of warming Yang and tonifying Qi in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine: their effects on left ventricular ejection fraction and aldosterone in rats with induced failure heart

OBJECTIVE: To investigate on Left ventricular ejection fraction value and aldosterone of two medicinals of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) with the properties of warming Yang and tonifying Qi in terms of TCM theory.METHODS: An animal model of coronary ligation of heart failure after myocardial infarction was employed to study the influence of these two kinds of drugs on three batches of rats. On the basis of the average score of left ventricle ejection fraction during the investigation, there were some different groups, including Wen Yang(the warming Yang)group, Yi Qi(tonifying Qi) group, Wen Yang and Yi Qi group, captopril group, digoxin group. In additional, an artificial operation group was set for compari-son. The systemic intervention using these medicinal and drugs was taken effects on the 2nd day after the operation of myocardial infraction(MI) with once a day. At week one, two, and four after the MI treatment, evaluated were EF values, and ferritin,angiotensin-II and aldosterone in the rats' plasma.RESULTS: At week one and week two, the medicinal of Wen Yang, Yi Qi, Wen Yang pluse Yi Qi, and digoxin could improve left ventricular ejection fraction in rats with heart failure; Compared to the model group, captopril Left ventricular EF value increased, but there was not significant. At week four,heart failure and left ventricular EF values was improved in the intervention group and the other four captopril drug intervention. At week one in the rats with drug intervention, the medicinals of Yi Qi, Wen Yang plus Yi Qi, and captopril could inhibit activation in vivo hormone aldosterone in heart failure rats; aldosterone in Wen Yang group and digoxin group were not different from that in the model group at week two and four.CONCLUSION: Chinese medicinals with properties of Wen Yang, Yi Qi have significant effect on improving left ventricular EF in rats with heart failure; compared to Yi Qi medicinals, Wen Yang medicinals that inhibit the effectiveness of the time required for the activation of the role of aldosterone. The medicinals of Wen Yang and Yi Qi seems better by inhibiting the activation of the hormone aldosterone after failing to inhibit ventricular remodeling to improve heart failure.