基于ANSYS有限元分析的取力轴法兰优化设计

利用ANSYS有限元分析对取力轴法兰的强度进行校核,对取力发电装置中取力轴法兰撕裂问题进行有限元分析,计算不同工艺圆角下取力轴法兰的强度以及疲劳寿命,提出优化设计方案,为取力轴法兰设计提供技术依据,对实际工程中取力轴法兰的选用有着重要参考意义。

复杂受力轴体的外力分离电测法

工程中一些复杂受力的轴体,当将外力全部简化到轴端形心时,一般可转化为图1所示的力学模型。欲求外力,关键在于测这六个分量——力F_x,F_y,F_z和力偶矩M_x,M_y,M_z。借助应变电测技术可以办到。而为了测得一个分量,常借助于布片和接桥的技巧,达到消去其它分量而仅保留一个分量的影响。

Role of inclination angle on columnar-to-equiaxed transition in the eutectic Al-5Mg-2Si alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

In this study,the effect of inclination angles relative to the building direction in the additively manufactured eutectic Al-5Mg-2Si alloy was investigated through the laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).The microstructures and mechanical properties of the Al-5Mg-2Si alloy manufactured with different inclination angles(0°,30°,45°,60°and 90°)were reported and discussed.It is found that the“semicircular”melt pool(MP)in the load bearing face of 0°sample was eventually transformed into“stripe-like”MP in the 90°sample,accompanied by an increased fraction of melt pool boundaries(MPBs).Moreover,the microstructural analysis revealed that the columnar-to-equiaxed transition(CET)of theα-Al grains and eutectic Mg2Si was completed in the 90°sample,which were significantly refined with the average size of 10.6μm and 0.44μm,respectively.It is also found that the 90°sample exhibited good combination of strength and elongation(i.e.yield strength of 393 MPa,ultimate tensile strength of 483 MPa and elongation of 8.1%).The anisotropic mechanical properties were highly associated with the refined microstructures,thermal stress,and density of MPBs.Additionally,the CET driven by inclination angles was attributed to the variation of thermal conditions inside the local MPs.

Effect of fractures on mechanical behavior of sand powder 3D printing rock analogue under triaxial compression

In practical engineering applications,rock mass are often found to be subjected to a triaxial stress state.Concurrently,defects like joints and fractures have a notable impact on the mechanical behavior of rock mass.Such defects are identified as crucial contributors to the failure and instability of the surrounding rock,subsequently impacting the engineering stability.The study aimed to investigate the impact of fracture geometry and confining pressure on the deformation,failure characteristics,and strength of specimens using sand powder 3D printing technology and conventional triaxial compression tests.The results indicate that the number of fractures present considerably influences the peak strength,axial peak strain and elastic modulus of the specimens.Confining pressure is an important factor affecting the failure pattern of the specimen,under which the specimen is more prone to shear failure,but the initiation,expansion and penetration processes of secondary cracks in different fracture specimens are different.This study confirmed the feasibility of using sand powder 3D printing specimens as soft rock analogs for triaxial compression research.The insights from this research are deemed essential for a deeper understanding of the mechanical behavior of fractured surrounding rocks when under triaxial stress state.

A coupled strain softening and hardening model for completely weathered granite in a fault zone

his study focused on exploring the specificity of mechanical behavior for completely weathered granite,as a special soil,by consolidated drained triaxial tests.The influences of dry density(1.60,1.70,1.80 and 1.90 g/cm^(3)),confining pressure(100,200,400 and 600 kPa),and moisture content(13.0%,that is,natural moisture content)were investigated in the present work.A newly developed Duncan-Chang model was established based on the experimental data and Duncan-Chang model.The influence of each parameter on the type of the proposed model curve was also evaluated.The experimental results revealed that with varying dry density and confining pressure,the deviatoric stress–strain curves have diversified characteristics including strain-softening,strain-stabilization and strain-hardening.Under high confining pressure condition,specimens with different densities all showed strain-hardening characteristic.Whereas at the low confining pressure levels,specimens with higher densities gradually transform into softening characteristics.Except for individual compression shear failure,the deformation modes of the specimens all showed swelling deformation,and all the damaged specimens maintained good integrity.Through comparing the experiment results,the strain-softening or strain-hardening behavior of CWG specimens could be predicted following the proposed model with high accuracy.Additionally,the proposed model can accurately characterize the key mechanical indicators,such as tangent modulus,peak value and residual strength,which is simple to implement and depends on fewer parameters.

Failure properties of rocks in true triaxial unloading compressive test

Slabbing failure often occurs in the surround rock near a deep underground excavation. The mechanism of slabbing failure is still unclear. In order to reveal the influence of the intermediate principal stress （σ2） on slabbing failure, true triaxial unloading compressive test was carried out based on the stress path of the underground engineering excavation, i.e., unloading the minimum principal stress （σ3）, keeping σ2, increasing the maximum principal stress （σ1）. The initiation and the propagation of slabbing fracture in rock specimens were identified by examining the acoustic emission （AE） and the infrared radiation characterization. The test results show that the failure modes of the granite and red sandstone specimens are changed from shear to slabbing with the increase of σ2. The AE characteristic of rock specimen under low σ2 is swarm type which is the main shock type under high σ2. The infrared radiation properties of rock specimen under different σ2 are also different. The temperature change area is just along the shear fracture such as the uniaxial compression. With the increase of σ2, the temperature change area is planar of rock specimen which proofs that the failure mode of rock specimen turns into slabbing.

Dynamic spheroidization kinetics behavior of Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy with lamellar microstructure

Abstract： The dynamic spheroidization kinetics behavior of Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy with a lamellar initial microstructure was studied by isothermal hot compression tests in the temperature range of 750-950℃ and strain rates of 0.001-10 s^-1. The results show that the spheroidized fraction of alpha lamellae increases with the increase of temperature and the decrease of strain rate. The spheroidization kinetics curves predicted by JMAK equation agree well with experimental ones. The corresponding SEM and TEM observations indicate that the dynamic spheroidization process can be divided into two stages. The primary stage is boundary splitting formed by two competing mechanisms which are dynamic recrystallization and mechanical twin. In the second stage, the penetration of beta phase into the alpha/alpha grain boundaries is dominant, which is controlled in nature by diffusion of the chemical elements such as Al, Mo and V.

Effect of Lattice Mismatch on Luminescence of ZnO/Si Hetero-Structure

The photoluminescence （PL） and Raman spectra of undoped ZnO films deposited directly on Si substrate （sample A）,on Si substrate through a SiC buffer layer （sample B）,and on a ZnO crystal wafer （sample C） are investigated. There are emission peaks centered at 3.18eV （ultraviolet,UV） and 2.38eV （green） in these sampies. Comparing the Raman spectra and the variation of the PL peak intensities with annealing atmosphere, we conclude that the luminescence of the samples is related to the tensile strain in the ZnO film due to the lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate. In particular, the tensile strain reduces the formation energy of OZn antisite oxygen defects,which generate the green emission center. After annealing in oxygen-rich atmosphere, many OZn defects are generated. Thus, the intensity of green emission in ZnO/Si hetero-structure materials increases due to tensile strain in ZnO films.

Load spectrum analysis for combined frame of closed high-speed press

Based on the basic theory of mechanics,kinematic and dynamic analysis for a slider-crank mechanism with a balance mechanism is performed.The theoretical formula of the load spectrum for the interaction between the crank shaft and the bearing seat of the upper beam is achieved by approximately simplifying the mechanical model of the crank shaft.The simulation for the load spectrum data of combined frame under the operating conditions of blanking or piling is performed using Matlab and the law of the load spectrum curves under these two conditions is analyzed.The simulation results show that under a no-load condition,the load spectrum curves of the interaction between the crank shaft and the bearing seat of the upper beam present a form of periodic sine wave and under the piling condition,the load spectrum curves of the interaction between the crank shaft and the bearing seat of the upper beam present a form of periodic pulse wave.The simulation results can provide a theoretical foundation for the load determination during the process of analyzing the dynamic characteristics on the combined frame of a closed high-speed press through the finite element method.

装载机变速箱扭振测试与分析

某型装载机样机在可靠性试验过程中出现变速箱液压取力轴断裂故障。将装载机发动机传动系扭振的测试结果与理论计算结果比对,指出扭转共振是造成该轴出现故障的原因。通过应用扭转减振器,显著降低了液压取力轴扭转共振现象,解决了该故障问题。

略论我国企业管理战略的选择

一、引言 本世纪九十年代,对于世界各国的企业界来说,将是战略制胜的时代。这是因为技术的加速进步使得技术本身变成了销售最快的商品。新技术昨天列为专利,明天可能就在各地投入生产了,这叫做花钱买生产力。战后日本的崛起,说明企业竞争的实力轴心将由技术转向经营管理战略。这是基于:企业人员的技术素质普遍提高了。

Biomechanical Characteristics of Rape Stalks

[Objective] To study the correlation between the biomechanical properties of rape stalks and rape stem lodging. [Method] Through axial compression tests to the stalks of 4 different rape varieties, the change rules of maximum stem bearing ca- pacity, maximum compressive strength, elastic modulus and moment of inertia along plant height were analyzed, as well as the effect of different varieties and water contents on the biomechanical property indices of rape stalks. [Result] The maximum loads of rape stalks presented liner decrease trend along with the increase of stem height, and all reached the maximums below the height of 50 cm. The maximum stem compressive strength and elastic modulus of the 4 varieties were increased with ascending height, but in a slow rate with small change, thus the modulus of e- lasticity could be considered as unchanged. The maximum bearing capacity, maxi- mum compressive strength and elastic modulus of dry rape stalks were higher than wet stalks, indicating that the water contents of rape stalks had significant effect on their mechanical properties. According to the actual lodging situations in filed, stalks of variety No. 1 owned the worst biomechanical properties and lodging degree, while the biomechanical properties of No. 6 and F5 were better than No. 1 and No. 9, and they also had stronger lodging-resistance. [Conclusion] The study provides parameters and bases for the design of mechanized production and mechanical deep processing of crops, and can better reveal the physical natures of organisms. The methods used in this study can also be used to screen excellent crop stalks.

Strength regularity and failure criterion of plain HSHPC under biaxial compression after exposure to high temperatures

Biaxial compression tests are performed on 100 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm cubic specimens of plain high-strength highperformance concrete （HSHPC） at seven kinds of stress ratios, σ2：σ3 =0 ： - 1, -0.20 ： - 1, -0.30 ： - 1, -0.40 ： - 1, -0.50 ： -1, -0. 75 ： - 1, and - 1.00 ： - 1 after exposure to normal and high temperatures of 20, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 ℃, using a large static-dynamic true triaxial machine. Frictionreducing pads are three layers of plastic membranes with glycerine in-between for the compressive loading plane. Failure modes of the specimens are described. The two principally static compressive strengths are measured. The influences of the temperatures and stress ratios on the biaxial strengths of HSHPC after exposure to high temperatures are also analyzed. The experimental results show that the uniaxial compressive strength of plain HSHPC after exposure to high temperatures does not decrease completely with the increase in temperature; the ratios of the biaxial to its uniaxial compressive strengths depend on the stress ratios and brittleness-stiffness of HSHPC after exposure to different high temperatures. The formula of the Kupfer-Gerstle failure criterion modified with the temperature and stress ratio parameters for plain HSHPC is proposed.

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ON INCREASE OF SECTIONAL STRESS OF A SHAFT WITH RUB－IMPACT CONDITION

The numerical analysis on a shaft with rub-impact condition is done by using the finite difference method. The bending modes and the moment yaring along the shaft are described,to reveal the in crease pattern of sectional stress of the shaft. The result obtained in this paper can be used in explaining the phenomena of many breaking sections appeared in destructive failures of actual rotating machinery.

Effects of geometric parameters and axial magnetic field on buoyant-thermocapillary convection during detached solidification

In order to understand the effect of geometric parameters and axial magnetic field on buoyant-thermocapillary convection during detached solidification, a series of threedimensional numerical simulations were conducted by the finite-difference method. The results indicate that the stable flow is observed when the Marangoni number （Ma） is small; however, when the value of Ma increases and exceeds a threshold value, the stable steady flow transits to be unstable flow. As the height of the melt increases, the flow is enhanced at first and then gets weakened. As the width of gap decreases gradually, the strength of flow is enhanced. The approach of using axial magnetic field is an effective way to suppress the buoyant-thermocapillary convection. As the magnetic field strength increases, the inhibition is enhanced. The critical Marangoni number increases slightly with a greater melt height, a narrower width of gap, and a more strength of magnetic field.

THERMOHYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION ANALYSIS ON EQUILIBRIUM POSITION AND DYNAMIC COEFFICIENT OF JOURNAL BEARING

The finite element method （FEM） is introduced to calculate the oil film pressure and temperature distribution of a journal bearing. The perturbation is performed directly on the finite element equation. Consequently, the Jacobian matrices of the oil film forces are concisely obtained. The equilibrium position of the bearing with a given static load is found by the Newton-Raphson method. As byproducts, dynamic coefficients are obtained simultaneously without any extra computing time. From the numerical results, it is concluded that the effects of film temperature on stiffness coefficients are bigger than those on damping coefficients. With the increase of rotational speed, the load capacity and the stiffness coefficients of the journal bearing are increased when the eccentricity is small, while decreased when the eccentricity is big.

基础钢筋施工常见弊病分析

主要对钢筋混凝土基础工程 ,在钢筋绑扎施工中常见的质量通病问题进行分析 ,并提出了具体施工方法。

《九年义务教育全日制小学数学教学大纲》学习问答

问:义务大纲在结构和体例上有何特色? 答:义务大纲比原大纲在结构上更加合理、体例上更加科学、表达上更加详细。义务大纲共分五大部分:一、前言;二、教学目的和要求;三、教学内容的确定和安排;四、教学中应该注意的几个问题;五、各年级的教学内容和教学要求。“前言”中主要讲了小学数学教学的性质、任务和指导思想;第二部分着重阐述了知识、能力、思想品德三大教学目的。

Estimation of optimum operating point for thrust magnetic bearing with solid magnet

A carrying capacity-temperature rise analysis model has been established for analysis of the carrying capacity, temperature rise and carrying capacity-temperature rise characteristic of a thrust magnetic bearing with solid magnet. The results indicate that there must be an optimal operating point for the thrust magnetic bearing with solid magnet. The main factors having effect on carrying capacity-temperature rise include static gap and/or ampere-turns. With proper static gap chosen, the bearing can be run near the optimal operating point by adjhusting ampere-turns, thereby optimizing the bearing properties.

Entrance Effect on Load Capacity of Orifice Compensated Aerostatic Bearing with Feeding Pocket

The current research of the aerostatic thrust bearing mainly focuses on the porous material bearing and inherent compensated air bearing, which aims at obtaining small physical dimension and large load capacity. Although porous material bearing appears larger load capacity, materials anisotropy itself and void content distortion caused in heat-treating, and machining processes add greater complexity to internal flow transfer process. Inherent compensated air bearing has the advantages of simple structure and good stability, but its load capacity and static stiffness is not worth somewhat. In this paper, based on hydrostatic lubrication theory, finite volume method is presented for taking entrance effects into account in computing pressure distribution, load capacity and mass flow rates of circular aerostatic thrust bearings. Technical analysis, numerical simulations and laboratory demonstration tests of influence of pocket diameter and pocket depth on loading capacity of aerostatic thrust bearing are carried out on simple orifice compensated air bearings with feeding pockets. The static parameters, such as air consumption and pressure distributions, are measured as a function of supply pressure and air gap height for several different orifices and pockets size. Entrance effects are described in term of typical throttling types, and the effect of pocket diameter and pocket depth on load capacity is systematically described respectively. The proposed research results uncover the causation of throttling action of the orifice compensated air bearing with feed pocket and further develop and improve the design theory of air bearing.