Computational modeling of free-surface slurry flow problems using particle simulation method

The particle simulation method is used to solve free-surface slurry flow problems that may be encountered in several scientific and engineering fields.The main idea behind the use of the particle simulation method is to treat granular or other materials as an assembly of many particles.Compared with the continuum-mechanics-based numerical methods such as the finite element and finite volume methods,the movement of each particle is accurately described in the particle simulation method so that the free surface of a slurry flow problem can be automatically obtained.The major advantage of using the particle simulation method is that only a simple numerical algorithm is needed to solve the governing equation of a particle simulation system.For the purpose of illustrating how to use the particle simulation method to solve free-surface flow problems,three examples involving slurry flow on three different types of river beds have been considered.The related particle simulation results obtained from these three examples have demonstrated that:1) The particle simulation method is a promising and useful method for solving free-surface flow problems encountered in both the scientific and engineering fields;2) The shape and irregular roughness of a river bed can have a significant effect on the free surface morphologies of slurry flow when it passes through the river bed.

Numerical investigation of water-entry of flatted-bottom seafloor mining tool in ocean waves

A numerical wave load model based on two-phase(water-air) Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes(RANS) type equations is used to evaluate hydrodynamic forces exerted on flatted-bottom seafloor mining tool during its entering ocean waves of deploying process.The discretization of the RANS equations is achieved by a finite volume approach(FV).The volume of fluid method(VOF) is employed to track the complicated free surface.A numerical wave tank is built to generate the ocean waves which are suitable for deploying seafloor mining tool.A typical deploying condition is employed to reflect the process of flatted-bottom body impacting with waves,and the pressure distribution of bottom is also presented.Four different lowering velocities are applied to obtain the time histories of maximum pressure of bottom,and it can be concluded that the pressure coefficient decreases with water velocity increasing,which is similar with ordinary water entry case.The numerical results clearly demonstrate the characteristics of flatted-bottom body entering ocean waves.

单个铁蛋白分子的弹性模量研究

采用原子力显微镜接触模式的力-体积(force-volume)方法测量了单个铁蛋白分子的力学性质,并利用Hertz模型定量计算了单个铁蛋白分子的弹性模量.实验结果表明,在较小的压缩形变量内,单个铁蛋白分子的弹性模量约为250～800MPa.另外,在相同实验条件下,比较了铁蛋白分子和胶体金的弹性模量.

Study on elastic modulus of individual ferritin

The mechanical property of individual ferritin was measured with force-volume mapping (FV) under contact mode of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in this work. The elastic modulus of individual ferritin was estimated by the Hertz mode. The estimated value of the elastic modulus of individual ferritin was about 250-800 MPa under a small deformation. In addition, the elastic modulus of individual ferritin was compared with that of the colloid gold nanoparticle.

Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) Modeling of Heat Transfer in a Polymeric Membrane using Finite Volume Method

The efficiency,robustness and reliability of recent numerical methods for finding solutions to flow problems have given rise to the implementation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD) as a broadly used analysis method for engineering problems like membrane separation system.The CFD modeling in this study observes steady and unsteady(transient) heat flux and temperature profiles in a polymeric(cellulose acetate) membrane.This study is novel due to the implementation of user defined scalar(UDS) diffusion equation by using user-defined functions(UDFs) infinite volume method(FVM).Some details of the FVM used by the solver are carefully discussed when implementing terms in the governing equation and boundary conditions(BC).The contours of temperature due to high-temperature gradient are reported for steady and unsteady problems.

Calculation of Turbulent Boundary Layers Using the Dissipation Integral Method

This paper gives an introduction into the dissipation integral method. The general integral equations for the three-dimensional case are derived. It is found that for a practical calculation algorithm the integral momentum equation and the integral energy equation are most useful. Using two different sets of mean velocity profiles the hyperbolical character of a dissipation integral method is shown. Test cases for two- and three-dimensional boundary layers are analysed and discussed. The paper concludes with a discussion of the advantages and limits of dissipation integral methods.