功能化碳纤维/聚苯胺复合材料的制备与性能分析

碳纳米管在结构上的特点以及其良好的物理化学性质使得其许多领域都受到了广泛的关注,尤其是在催化和复合材料领域已经得到了一定的应用。但是碳纳米管自身也具有一些性质上的缺陷,如化学惰性和易团聚等,使导致其不易与其它物质进行反应,也难以溶解于溶剂中,影响了碳纳米管的进一步推广应用。为了解决碳纳米管在性质上的这些缺陷,通常采用的方法是对其进行功能化的处理。除了上述的这些缺陷外,碳纳米管在催化反应中,由于其表面官能团种类和数目的波动性,导致其功能的发挥受到了到较大的局限;而碳纳米管纳米粒子结合成为复合材料时,其表面官能团的性质也会对纳米粒子的分散产生一定的影响。本文功能化碳纤维和聚苯胺形成的复合材料能够较好的改善上述的这些缺陷,因此,本文主要对这一复合材料的性质和制备方法进行了研究。

N‐doped porous carbon nanofibers inlaid with hollow Co_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for rechargeable Li‐O_(2) batteries

Stable and high‐efficiency bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are desired for the practical application of Li‐O_(2)batteries with excellent rate performance and cycle stability.Herein,a novel hybrid bifunctional catalyst with carbon nanofibers inlaid with hollow Co_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles and separate active sites for ORR and OER were prepared and applied in Li‐O_(2)batteries.Benefiting from the synergistic effect of unique porous structural features and high electrocatalytic activity of hollow Co3O4 intimately bound to N‐doped carbon nanofibers,the assembled Li‐O_(2)batteries with novel catalyst exhibited high specific capacity,excellent rate capability,and cycle stability up to 150 cycles under a capacity limitation of 500 mAh g^(–1)at a current density of 100 mA g^(–1).The facile synthesis and preliminary results in this work show the as‐prepared catalyst as a promising bifunctional electrocatalyst for applications in metal‐air batteries,fuel cells,and electrocatalysis.