中子活化截面测量中γ射线符合加合效应的修正

介绍了中子活化截面测量中γ射线的符合加合效应及对该效应进行修正的修正系数．

赤霉素和稀土配合使用对淀粉酶加合效应机理初探

ＧＡ和稀土对植物生长都有益，但配合使用可产生加合效应，比单独使用效果好．本文对加合效应初步研究结果说明，ＧＡ促进了α－淀粉酶的合成，稀土元素提高了β淀粉酶的活性，同时可以诱导一定量的ＧＡ形成，使α－淀粉酶的活性也有提高．所以ＧＡ和稀土混合使用对淀粉酶有加合作用．比单独使用效果要好．

406油性剂与极压抗磨剂复合效应的试验研究

通过大量试验,较详细地研究了含氮油性剂T406与含硫极压抗磨剂、含氯极压抗磨剂的复合效应。试验发现,406油性剂与含硫、含氯极压抗磨剂在复合使用中有显著的增效作用,有的增效作用属超加合效应。这一研究成果可广泛应用于新油品的开发研究。

含稀土复合肥料肥效及其增效作用的研究

试验证明了复肥中添加适量的转型稀土可使复肥明显增效。主要表现在促进作物生长发育;提高作物产量和改善作物产品品质等方面。文章认为复肥中添加稀土增效的原因主要是一定条件下稀土与复肥中N、P、K诸元素间加合效应的结果。这一效应促进了N、P、K养分和稀土的吸收利用,提高了作物生理活性。

室内建筑装修材料中挥发性有机物污染的解析与防控

装修材料释放的挥发性有机污染物作为室内环境的首要污染源,对于人体健康具有严重的危害性,为了解其释放规律,实现有效防控,针对单一吸附剂待解析污染物种类少、沸点限度低等问题,使用Air Toxics复合吸附管在不同释放时间与通风条件下进行采样,经二次热脱附后HP-INNOWax毛细管柱分离后进入气相色谱仪中检测。结果表明VOCs释放呈现动态规律性,其中,甲醛浓度随时间、通风条件变化而呈现非线性递减性,"三苯"类污染物扩散性也逐渐减小,并根据采样数据建立了VOCs扩散特性数值模型,验证了结果的准确性,并从源头控制、净化及通风等多个层面进行污染防控。

论我国价格的调向选择——兼与价格理论界同志们商榷

目前,我国价格改革中出现了几个较大的难点——国家财政负担日重、物价总水平持续上涨和货币倒流,其因何在? 笔者认为,对价格结构实行有升有降,然而升大于降的调整策略是其销误原因之一。要实现经济与改革的转机,就必须对价格调向进行新的选择。一、价格调向及模型 1、价格调向。要改变我国原有价格体系中比价不合理状况,就必须对其施行结构性的调整。虽同属结构性调整,由于选定的价格基准不同,却可有三种不同的调向(图1)。这其中,

Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenolic Model Compounds over MoS2 Catalysts with Different Structures

Several MoS2 catalysts of different structure, prepared by in situ decomposition of ammonium heptamolybdate （AHM） and molybdenum naphthenate （MoNaph）, and by MoS2 exfoliation （TDM）, were characterized by BET, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Energy Dispersive X-ray （EDX） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The analysis showed that MoS2 structure was dependant upon the preparation procedure. The activity of the catalysts was determined by measuring the hydrodeoxygenation （HDO） of phenol, 4-methylphenol and 4-methoxyphenol using a batch autoclave reactor operated at 2.8 MPa of hydrogen and temperatures ranging from 320-370℃. By comparing the conversion, the reactivity order of the catalysts was： AHM〉TDM-D〉MoNaph〉thermal〉MoS2 powder〉 TDM-W. Also, the effect of reaction temperature on the HDO conversion was explained in terms of equilibrium of reversible reaction kinetics. The main products of the HDO for phenolic compounds were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. The results showed that the product distribution and the HDO selectivity were correlated with the reaction temperature. Two parallel reaction routes, direct hydrogenolysis and combined hydrogenation-hydrogenolysis, were confirmed by the analysis of the product distribution. High temperature favored hydrogenolysis over hydrogenation for HDO of phenol and 4-methoxyphenol, whereas for 4-methylphenol the reverse was true.

Effect of ONO-4057 and tacrolimus on ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver

AIM: To investigate the effects of a novel Leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist and/or tacrolimus on ischemia-reperfusion in a rat liver model. METHODS: Male Lewis rats were pretreated with ONO-4057 (100 mg/kg) and/or tacrolimus (1 mg/kg) orally, and divided into four experimental groups; group 1 (control), group 2 (ONO-4057), group 3 (tacrolimus), group 4 (ONO-4057 + tacrolimus). RESULTS: There was a tendency for long survival in the groups treated with tacrolimus alone and ONO-4057 plus tacrolimus. Post-reperfusion serum aspartate aminotransferase levels decreased more signif icantly in ONO-4057 plus tacrolimus group (P < 0.01), than in the tacrolimus alone group (P < 0.05), compared to controls. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that pretreat-ment with ONO-4057 in combination with tacrolimus produced additive effects in a rat model of liver isch-emia-reperfusion injury.

Correlation of microstructural and corrosion characteristics of quaternary shape memory alloys Cu-Al-Ni-X(X=Mn or Ti)

The effects of different contents(0.4%, 0.7%, and 1.0%, mass fraction) of Mn or Ti additions on the micro structure, shape memory effect and the corrosion behaviour of Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloys were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and electrochemical and immersion tests in NaCl solution. It was observed that the microstructure, shape memory effect and corrosion characteristics are highly sensitive to the composition variations. It was found that the highest strain recovery was with 0.7% addition of Mn or Ti. This may be attributed to the presence of precipitation with a high volume fraction and the grain refinement. The electrochemical test showed that the formation of oxide layers in both Cu-Al-Ni-Mn and Cu-Al-Ni-Ti shape memory alloys(SMAs) provided good passivation which enhanced the corrosion resistance of the alloys. Immersion test showed that in Cu-Al-Ni-Mn SMAs, pitting corrosion occurred through feebleness in the oxide layer. A corrosion product adjacent to the pits was rich in Al/Mn oxide and depleted in Cu while inside of the pit it was rich in Cu. In Cu-Al-Ni-Ti SMAs, localized corrosion occurred on the surface of the specimens and dealuminization attack was also observed in the matrix.

ELUTION OF TUNGSTEN BY SODIUM COMPOUNDS AND ACCELERATION EFFECTS OF COEXISTENT COUNTER IONS IN MIXED ELUANT

The elution of WO ions by NaOH. NaNO3 NaCl and NH4Cl on strong basicanion exchange resins in quaternary ammonium form I and the adsorption properties after elution were studied. In addition, the elution curse, the permeation curveand the exchange capacities of operation were presented. The eluate containingtungsten with high content and excessive eluant of low content were obtained by employing the process of eluting using mixed solution of NaCl and NaOH. It's possible to obtain Na2WO4. 2H2O with high purity by evaporating and crystallizing theeluate. The results of mixed elution showed that the diffusion coefficients of Cl-.OH- and WO ions in solution or exchange agent varied due to the coexistence ofcounter ions and then the exchange velocity of WO→Cl- and WOe→OH- wasaccelerated.

Coupled effect of viscosity enhancing admixtures and superplasticizers on rheological behavior of cement paste

The coupled effect of viscosity enhancing admixtures(VEA)and superplasticizer(SP)on the rheological behavior of cement paste was investigated in this work.Two types of VEAs,including hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC)and Welan gum,and two types of SPs,i.e.polycarboxylate(PCA)and polynaphthalenesulfonate(PNS)were used as admixtures for cement paste.Rheological curves of cement paste and simulated pore solution containing VEA and SP were tested.Simulated pore solution test results show that molecules of different SPs may generate different effects on the viscosity of VEA solutions.Hershel-Bulkley(H-B)model was used to fit rheological curve of cement paste.Strong interaction between PNS and HPMC was observed in this work.

Inheritance of Main Morphological Traits and Chemical Parameters＇ Analysis of Oriental Tobacco

This study was conducted to evaluate four different parental oriental varieties with their F1 crosses to estimate inheritance of some morphological traits, such as plant hight, number of leaves, total dry weigh and chemical compounds, especially nicotine and sugars during sun-curing period. The oriental varieties Kozarsko 541, Plovdiv 50 and Krumovgrad 17 from Bulgaria and Basma Xanthi 101 from Greece and their respective crosses with Basma Xanthi 101 were studied. The study was set up in 2014 and 2015 in experimental field of the Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Plovdiv, using randomized block design with four replications. Common agricultural practices were applied during the growing season. The result indicated that in hybrid combination with parental varieties Kozarsko 541 and Plovdiv 50, except total dry weight, additive gene effects are important for traits height of plant and number of leaves. Height of plant and number of leaves are inherited partially dominant to parent with higher value and total dry weight inheritance was over dominant. In hybrid combination Krumovgrad 17 x Basma Xanthi 101, inheritance of the plant height and leaves number were over dominant type. Total dry weight is inherited partially dominant. In a word, prevailing mode for inheritance of plant hight and total dry weight was the over dominance and for number of leaves it was partial dominance. In sun-curing with yellowing stage, nicotine decreased and sugars increased in all tested varieties with a highest percentage in variety Kozarsko 541 （nicotine） and Krumovgrad 17 （sugars）.

Characteristics of fungal community structure during the decomposition of mixed foliage litter from Pinus massoniana and broadleaved tree species in southwestern China

Aims The conifer litter is fairly recalcitrant and nutrient poor,and broadleaved litter promotes coniferous litter decomposition by increasing degradable nutrients and promoting microbial metabolism.Mixing Pinus massoniana litter and three broadleaved litters may increase the diversity and abundance of fungal decomposers compared with those in P.massoniana litter and vary depending on the number and proportion of broadleaved species included.Methods We analysed the composition and diversity of fungal communities during mixed litter decomposition in southwestern China with 35 treatments(P.massoniana,Toona sinensis,Cinnamomum camphora and Sassafras tzumu litter)using Illumina high-throughput sequencing.Important Findings The mixed litters increased fungal diversity and richness compared with those in the single-species litter,except in the following treatments:P.massoniana litter accounting for 70%-80%in the P.massoniana+T.sinensis,P.massoniana+S.tzumu+T.sinensis and P.massoniana+S.tzumu+C.camphora combinations,and P.massoniana+S.tzumu+C.camphora+T.sinensis combination with small proportion of T.sinensis litter.The diversity and richness of the 7:1:2 combination of P.massoniana+C.camphora+T.sinensis were significantly higher than those in the other treatments.Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla,and Aspergillus was the most abundant genus.The decomposition of litters from one needleleaf and one broadleaved species(6:4)and one needleleaf species and two broadleaved species(broadleaved litter accounting for 30%-40%)exhibited synergistic interactions throughout the decomposition process,and the relative abundance of fungi that decompose refractory substances increased.The P.massoniana+C.camphora+T.sinensis combination and a 30%-40%broadleaf litter proportion increased fungal diversity and accelerated the decomposition of recalcitrant coniferous litter.Therefore,C.camphora and T.sinensis are a potential candidate species for mixed planting with P.massoniana.

Numerical Investigation of the Superimposed Effects on Stator Wake Oscillation in an Axial-radial Combined Compressor

The superimposed influences of the blade rows in a multistage compressor are important because different matches of upstream and downstream blades can result in significant differences in the stator wake oscillation. Numerical investigation of the axial stator wake oscillation, which is affected upstream by the axial rotor and downstream by the radial rotor, was performed in an axial-radial combined compressor. Many configurations with different blade numbers and locations, which influence axial stator wake oscillation were investigated. When rotors have equal blade numbers, the axial stator wake oscillates periodically versus time within time T(moving blade passing 1/3 revolution). In contrast, stator wake oscillates irregularly within T when rotors have different blade numbers. A model-split subtraction method is presented in order to separate the influences of the individual blade rows on the wake oscillation of the axial stator. Analysis from the rotor-stator configuration showed that the unsteady flow angle fluctuation response is caused by the upstream rotor. For the rotor-stator-rotor configuration, the unsteady flow angle fluctuations are influenced by upand downstream blade rows. With the model-split subtraction method, the upand downstream influences on the flow angle fluctuation could be clearly separated and quantified. Low amplitudes could be observed when the influences from upand downstream moving rows were superimposed with the "positive peaknegative peak" type wave. Clocking investigations were carried out to change the relative superimposed phase of influences from the surrounding blade rows in order to modulate the amplitudes of the axial stator wake oscillation. However, the amplitudes did not reach the maximum when they were superimposed with "positive peak-positive peak" type wave due to the impact of the interaction between the two moving blade rows.