聚焦主责主业 努力开拓创新 展现新时期机构编制部门新作为

新时代机构编制部门要聚焦主责主业,谋划新思路,推出新作为,为经济社会发展、民生民需提供机构编制服务保障。以标准化建设加快机构编制法定化进程,以分类统筹调剂加快机构编制集约化进程;机构改革中,以机构整合产生加成效应,以职能融合产生倍增效应,以纵横配合产生联动效应;推动创新发展,突出激励保障、平台保障、兜底保障。

Ligand Size Effect on PdLn Oxidative Addition with Aryl Bromide： A DFT Study

The process and mechanism of the ligand volume controlled Pd（PR3）2 （PR3=PH3, PMe3, and PtBu3） oxidative addition with aryl bromide were investigated, using density functional theory method with the conductor-like screening model. Association pathway and dissocia-tion pathway were investigated by the comparison of several energies. The cleavage energy of Pd（PR3）2 complex was calculated, as well as the oxidative addition reaction barrier energy of Pd（PR3）n （n=1,2） with aryl bromide in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent. This study proved that the ligands volume possessed a great impact on the mechanism of oxidative addition： less bulky ligand palladium associated with aryl bromide via two donor ligands,but larger bulky ligand palladium coordinated via monoligand.

Design of Three-component Photoelastic Waveguide Accelerometer

In order to realize a high accuracy seismic exploration in the high electro-magnetic field and to improve oil producibility and recovery efficiency,a three-component photoelastic waveguide accelerometer is designed. Based on the photoelastic effect,the Mach-Zehnder integrated optical interferometer is designed to measure the three-orthogonal components of acceleration and the combined three-component simple harmonic vibrator is designed to reduce the cross-talk among the acceleration components. According to the variation of LiNbO3 waveguide phase under the action of the applied acceleration,the cross-axise sensitivity and transverse sensitivity ratio(TSR) were analysed. The results reveal that the accelerometer has wide band and good linearity. It can satisfy the sensor requirements of high accuracy seismic exploration. The main design parameters of the geophone system are:phase sensitivity:1.86×10-4 Rad·m-1·s-2,natural frequency:3 500 Hz,and the transverse sensitivity ratio:0.11%.

城市环境立法能够提升企业出口国内附加值率吗?——基于双重差分模型(DID)的实证研究

城市环境立法是推进生态文明建设的重要法制保障,也会因强化的环境规制而对企业贸易行为产生深刻影响。基于2000—2013年中国工业企业和海关数据库,以城市环境立法为准自然实验,运用双重差分法考察其对企业出口国内附加值率的影响。研究表明:①城市环境立法在样本期内虽然不利于企业出口国内附加值率的提升,但随着立法时间效应累积,“波特效应”会逐渐增强,城市环境立法的负向影响会被不断减弱。②异质性分析发现,城市环境立法对较低创新型企业、低融资约束企业、加工贸易型企业以及“两控区”企业出口国内附加值率的负向影响更为显著。③机制研究表明,城市环境立法引致的“中间品替代效应”会降低企业出口国内附加值率,即城市环境立法在一定程度上增加了企业国内生产成本,从而导致国内中间品种类和数量下降,进而使得企业出口国内附加值率下降;此外,城市环境立法又会通过“成本加成效应”提升企业出口国内附加值率,即城市环境立法会倒逼企业创新继而提高企业成本加成率,使得企业出口国内附加值率得以提升。但负向的“中间品替代效应”大于正向的“成本加成效应”,从而使得城市环境立法不利于企业出口国内附加值率的提升。不断健全地方环境法律法规,提升地方政府环境治理能力,推动企业技术创新与绿色生产,是实现经济高质量发展的有效路径。

环境信息披露制度与中国企业出口国内附加值率

基于2008年中国部分城市开始实施环境信息披露的政策事实,本文创新性通过理论模型考察了环境信息披露制度对企业出口国内附加值率的影响。研究表明,环境信息披露有助于提升中国企业出口国内附加值率,适度的环境管制会强化环境信息披露对出口国内附加值率的提升作用,而过强与过弱的环境管制则均会导致环境信息披露的负面效应。机制检验证明,环境信息披露通过“成本加成效应”和“中间品替代效应”两条渠道对中国企业出口国内附加值率产生积极影响,并且“中间品替代效应”主要通过缓解区域间市场分割和要素市场扭曲引起国内中间要素价格和区域间交易成本市场化,促使企业减少进口中间品使用比例。此外,本文异质性分析表明,相比污染程度较低、混合贸易和加工贸易类型企业以及生产率较高企业,环境信息披露能够更加明显促进污染程度较高、国有和外资类型企业以及一般贸易企业的出口国内附加值率。鉴于此,本文认为逐步完善各地区环境信息披露制度,积极推进环境治理政策对外公开、受公众监督的管理制度改革进程,进而改变各地区环境治理政策“逐底竞争”的局面,有助于提升企业出口国内附加值率。

1,1'-Methylenediimidazolium-Based Multiple Hydrogen-Bond Donor Catalysts Facilitate the Cycloaddition of CO_(2) with Epoxides under Atmospheric Pressure

The quest for innovative hydrogen-bond donor(HBD)catalysts has led to a significant advancement in the field of organic synthesis.Considering the electron-withdrawing strength of imidazolium cations and the spatial requirements of hydrogen bond donors,a novel HBD catalyst based on the 1,1'-methylenediimidazolium scaffold by bridging two imidazolium cations with methylene was developed.The 1,1'-methylenediimidazolium-based catalysts exhibit excellent performance in the cycloaddition reaction of CO_(2) and epoxides,achieving up to 99% yield and 99%selectivity under mild conditions(atmospheric pressure,80℃ for 12 h,with 1 mol%catalyst).The geometric structure,atomic charge distribution,and synergistic effect of HBD catalysts were studied in detail through 1H NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory(DFT)calculations.The research results indicate that the protons at positions C2-H,C2'-H,C5-H,and C5'-H on the imidazolium rings,as well as the protons on the bridged methylene,contribute to the formation of multiple hydrogen bonds with appropriate distance and synergistic effects,which are crucial for activating CO_(2) and epoxides.This research highlights the distinctive attributes of 1,1'-methylenediimidazolium-based catalysts and offers valuable insights into the development of highly efficient multiple HBD catalysts.

引入国有资本能够化解民营企业僵尸化风险吗?——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

“处僵治困”作为供给侧结构性改革的重点内容,是新旧动能转换的痛点和经济转型升级的难点。虽然引入国有资本后能为民营企业发展提供资源保障和产权屏障,但是其成本加成效应也不容小视。本文以2008—2019年民营上市公司为研究样本,实证结果显示,引入国有资本未能有效化解民营企业的僵尸化风险,从整体样本来看,反而推高了僵尸化风险,并且这一作用在劳动密集程度大、行业垄断程度高以及地区制度环境差的企业中更为明显。进一步机制检验发现,国有资本参股民营企业提高了雇员成本、代理成本以及政府补助,同时增加了管理者惰性,进而加剧了民营企业僵尸化风险。动态回归结果证实了引入国有资本在金融危机时期的积极作用。在区分不同参股主体后发现,通过相关部门直接出资的股东更加注重维护政府形象,引入这类资本缓解了民营企业僵尸化问题,而国有法人股是诱发民营企业僵尸化风险的主导力量。本文的研究结论为进一步完善供给侧结构性改革方案、优化混合所有制实施路径以及引领民营企业高质量健康发展提供了理论支持和经验证据。