含聚双烯烃链节聚合物的加氢

介绍了目前用于含聚双烯烃链节的聚合物加氢的催化剂的种类 。

不饱和聚合物的加氢

介绍了目前用于不饱和聚合物加氢的催化剂的种类 ,讨论了

“50t／a丙烯醛水合加氢法制1，3-丙二醇中试”项目通过验收

由黑龙江省石油化学研究院承担的“50t／a丙烯醛水合加氢法制1，3-丙二醇中试”项目通过了专家验收，认为该项目总体技术达到国际先进水平。该院建立了包括水合反应催化剂和加氢反应催化剂的生产、丙烯醛水合反应、丙烯醛回收、3羟基丙醛加氢反应以及1，3-丙二醇产品脱羰、精制等诸多工序的一套完整的中试装置。2006年1月，该项目完成了中试装置1000h的运行考核，得到的1，3-丙二醇中试产品各项指标均达到国外同类技术和产品水平，完全满足PTT生产的要求。

丙烯醛水合加氢制1，3-丙二醇中试验收

由黑龙江省石油化学研究院承担的“50t·a^-1丙烯醛水合加氢法制1，3-丙二醇中试”通过了专家验收，认为该项目总体技术达到国际先进水平。该院建立了包括水合反应催化剂和加氢反应催化剂的生产、丙烯醛水合反应、丙烯醛回收、

In_2O_3-modified Cu/SiO_2 as an active and stable catalyst for the hydrogenation of methyl acetate to ethanol

A series of indium oxide‐modified Cu/SiO2catalysts were synthesized and used to produce ethanol via methyl acetate hydrogenation.In‐Cu/SiO2catalyst containing1.0wt%In2O3exhibited the best catalytic activity and stability.The physicochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts were investigated using several characterization methods and the results showed that introducing suitable indium to Cu/SiO2increased the copper dispersion,diminished the copper crystallite size,and enriched the surface Cu+concentration.Furthermore,the Cu/SiO2catalyst gradually deactivated during the stability test,which was mainly attributed to copper sintering and the valence change in surface copper species.In contrast,indium addition can inhibit the thermal transmigration and accumulation of copper nanoparticles to stabilize the catalyst.?2018,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Published by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

Development and Commercial Application of Third Generation Resid Hydrotreating Catalysts

Based on the mechanism of resid hydrotreating reaction by coordinating the catalyst activity and stability, the diffusion mechanism and catalyst reactivity, the cost and catalyst performance, and the production and application requirements, the third-generation series catalysts for residue hydrotreating have been developed by Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC. The new series RHT catalysts possess higher activity for HDS, HDM and HDCCR performance as well as longer run length. The commercial results for application of these catalysts have demonstrated that the new catalyst system performs better than the reference ones.

Recent advances in heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles

The selective hydrogenation of quinolines to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines(py-THQ) and its derivatives has attracted a considerable amount of attention as they show great versatility in many pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals. Over the past few decades, great breakthroughs have been achieved in the controlled synthesis of efficient heterogeneous catalysts used for the selective hydrogenation of functionalized quinoline compounds, which allow one to correlate the structure-property relationships. In this review, we will summarize the recent significant progress achieved in this field covering the synthetic strategies, microstructural and chemical features, catalytic performance, and internal relationships. State-of-the-art noble metal-based single(Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh, Ir and Au) and bi/multi-metallic catalysts(RuCu, AuPd, and PdNi) are first introduced, followed by a summary of earth-abundant metal-based catalysts(Co, Fe, Ni, and Cu). Finally, the dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles is introduced to form a reversible hydrogenation/dehydrogenation system for H2 storage, which can be employed in a liquid organic hydrogen system. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism and future research direction in these areas are also discussed. This review will deepen our understanding of the catalytic transformation of N-heterocycles and provide guidance for researchers on the rational design of catalysts.

Development and Application of DCC Catalysts to Meet New Demands

The new generation of DCC catalysts, the DMMC/RMMC series catalysts developed by RIPP are introduced in this paper. The large molecule cracking ability is enhanced by increasing the portion of large pores; and the coke selectivity is improved by adjusting the acidity site density on the matrix surface, while the selective cracking reactions are increased. The sphericity of catalysts is improved by adopting new preparation method. The commercial application results have shown that applying DMMC/RMMC series catalysts with the mixed VGO, VGO plus AR, and hydrotreated VGO feed can increase the propylene yield by 2.43, 1.3 and 0.8 percentage points, respectively, as compared to the previous catalysts along with improvement in some products yields. The refining enterprises can make more profits after applying new series of DCC catalysts.

Kinetics on Hydrogenation of Cyclopentadiene over Pd/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst

The macrokinetics of hydrogenation of cyclopentadiene was investigated over Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalyst.Experimental results showed that the relationship between the constituents and reaction time was in agreement with the characteristic of consecutive irreversible first-order reaction. Analysis on the reaction mechanism of selective hydrogenation of cyclopentadiene indicated that it is reasonable to express the hydrogenation rate of cyclopentadiene in the power law form. Parameters of the kinetic model were obtained by the Gauss-Newton method based on the experimental data. From the statistic test and residual error distribution the kinetic model was proved to be adequate.

Hydrogenation of ortho-nitrochlorobenzene on activated carbon supported platinum catalysts

Platinum/carbon catalyst is one of the most important catalysts in hydrogenation of ortho-nitrochlorobenzene to 2,2′-dichlorohydrazobenzene. The preparation process and the supports of catalysts are studied in this paper. Raw materials and preparation procedure of the activated carbon have great influences on the compositions and surface structure of platinum/carbon catalysts. Platinum catalysts supported on activated carbon with high purity, high surface area, large pore volume and appropriate pore structure usually exhibit higher activities for hydrogenation of ortho-nitrochlorobenzene to 2,2′-dichlorohydrazobenzene. The catalyst prepared from H2PtCl6 with pH=3 shows greater catalytic performance than those prepared under other conditions.

热力除氧系统在连续重整装置的应用

针对1．2Mt／a连续重整装置运行过程中出现的预加氢反应器压力降升高的问题，进行了分析，总结出原料石脑油中氧含量超标是反应器压力降升高的根本原因。为了降低原料油中的氧含量，采用了热力除氧工艺。热力除氧系统投用后，原料油中的氧含量降至0．008-0．100μg/g，总液体收率为92．30％，预加氢反应器压力降的增长率由改造前的7．51％下降为1．51％，系统总压力降由7．53％降为1．60％。

Recent development of supported monometallic gold as heterogeneous catalyst for selective liquid phase hydrogenation reactions

The great potential of gold catalysts for chemical conversions in both industrial and environmental concerns has attracted increasing interest in many fields of research.Gold nanoparticles supported by metal oxides with high surface area have been recognized as highly efficient and effective green heterogeneous catalyst even at room temperature under normal reaction conditions,in gas and liquid phase reactions.In the present review,we discuss the recent development of heterogeneous,supported monometallic gold catalysts for organic transformations emphasizing mainly liquid phase hydrogenation reactions.Discussions on the catalytic synthesis procedures and the promoting effect of other noble metals are omitted since they are already worked out.Applications of heterogeneous,supported monometallic catalysts for chemoselective hydrogenations in liquid phase are studied including potential articles during the period 2000–2013.

Conversion and reaction kinetics of coke oven gas over a commercial Fe-Mo/Al_2O_3 catalyst

Producing methanol from coke oven gas(COG) is one of the important applications of COG. Removal of sulfur from COG is a key step of this process. Conversion and reaction kinetics over a commercial Fe-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst(T-202) were studied in a continuous flow fixed bed reactor under pressures of 1.6-2.8 MPa, space time of 1.32-3.55 s and temperatures of 240-360 °C. Though the COG contains about 0.6 mol/mol H2, hydrogenation of CO and CO2 is not significant on this catalyst. The conversions of unsaturated hydrocarbons depend on their molecular structures. Diolefins and alkynes can be completely hydrogenated even at relatively low temperature and pressure. Olefins, in contrast, can only be progressively hydrogenated with increasing temperature and pressure. The hydrodesulfurization(HDS) of CS2 on this catalyst is easy. Complete conversion of CS2 was observed in the whole range of the conditions used in this work. The original COS in the COG can also be easily converted to a low level. However, its complete HDS is difficult due to the relatively high concentration of CO in the COG and due to the limitation of thermodynamics. H2 S can react with unsaturated hydrocarbons to form ethyl mercaptan and thiophene, which are then progressively hydrodesulfurized with increasing temperature and pressure. Based on the experimental observations, reaction kinetic models for the conversion of ethylene and sulfur-containing compounds were proposed; the values of the parameters in the models were obtained by regression of the experimental data.

Biphasic Hydrogenation and Hydroformylation of Natural Olefins with a Binuclear Rhodium Complex in Ionic Liquid/Toluene

The complex [Rh（CO）（Pz）（TPPMS）]2, （TPPMS = m-sulfonatophenyl-diphenylphosphine, Pz = Pirazolate） was evaluated as a catalyst precursor in the hydroformylation of allylbenzenes （eugenol and estragol） and terpenes （limonene and myrcene） and in the hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes （crotonaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde and citral） in a biphasic medium toluene/ionic liquid. Under the reaction conditions studied （P = 600 psi, T= 95 ℃, S/C = 300：1）, the rhodium system showed a high activity and selectivity towards the desired aldehydes. The catalytic phase could be recycled up to five times without any evident loss of activity or selectivity.

国外文献摘要

高转化率地生产醋酸生产醋酸的过程包括一氧化碳与甲醇和甲醇衍生物中至少一种在第一反应器,在有效条件下反应生产粗醋酸产品;分离粗醋酸产品成至少一种衍生物流,至少一种含有残留的一氧化碳的衍生物流;至少部分残留的一氧化碳与甲醇和甲醇衍生物中至少一种,通过金属催化剂,在第二反应器反应继续生产醋酸。Torrence G Paull(US);etc.WO 2012047614加入至少一种反应剂到循环流的醋酸生产方法本发明涉及到从一氧化碳生产醋酸的过程,具体说,为了改善过程,至少一种反应剂加入反应器循环泵的上游和/或泵-环绕回路。Torrence G Paull(US);etc.US

Air-promoted selective hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone at low temperature over Pd-based nanocatalysts

Attaining high activity with high selectivity at low temperature is challenging in the selective hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone due to its high activation energy （Ea, 55-70 kJ/mol）. Here we report a simple and efficient strategy for phenol hydrogenation catalyzed by Pd in aqueous phase at 30 ℃ by introducing air to promote the catalysis. With the assistance of air, 〉99% conversion and 〉99% selectivity were achieved over Pd（111）/Al2O3 with an overall turnover frequency （TOF） of 621 h-1, -80 times greater than that of the state-of-art Pd catalyst at 30 ℃. Mechanism studies revealed that phenol was activated to generate phenoxyl radicals. The radicals were yielded from the reaction between phenol and hydroxyl radicals in the presence of hydrogen, oxygen and protic solvent on Pd. The phenoxyl pathway resulted in a low apparent Ea （8.2 kJ/mol） and thus high activity. More importantly, this strategy of activating substrate by air can be adapted to other Pd based catalysts, offering a new thinking for the rational design of cyclohexanone production in industry.

Effect of polyamide on selectivity of its supported Raney Ni catalyst

A newly-developed polyamide supported Raney Ni catalyst, which is suitable for use in fix-bed reactions with high selectivity, was studied in this paper. Selective hydrogenation of acetone to isopropanol was chosen as a probe reaction. It has been found that clean preparation of isopropanol could be achieved, that is to say, the two main byproducts(isopropyl ether and methyl-iso-butyl carbinol) could be eliminated with the newly-developed polyamide supported Raney Ni catalyst. The elimination of these side reactions was attributed to the adsorption effect of polyamide support and a model was proposed. The proposed model was further proved by hydroamination reaction of acetone. According to this model, catalyst support can play an important role in chemical reactions. Different products could be produced when different catalyst support is used, the main reaction and side reactions can even be reversed sometimes when the chemicals, active component of catalyst and reaction condition are the same. This model could help to improve catalytic selectivity of many Raney metal catalysts used routinely in chemical and oil refining industry, and is also useful for hydrogenation reactions in pharmaceutical and food industry.