针对考虑排放控制区(Emission Control Area, ECA)和多时间窗的班轮加油与货运收益优化问题,通过分析ECA内/外航路班轮燃油切换对燃油消耗的影响,结合各港口油价、各起讫港口对货运需求量及运费率差异,以班轮运输航次收益最大化为目标,...针对考虑排放控制区(Emission Control Area, ECA)和多时间窗的班轮加油与货运收益优化问题,通过分析ECA内/外航路班轮燃油切换对燃油消耗的影响,结合各港口油价、各起讫港口对货运需求量及运费率差异,以班轮运输航次收益最大化为目标,构建了混合整数非线性规划模型,并设计了分段线性割线逼近求解算法。以中国远洋海运集团有限公司的MEX航线为例,验证了模型和算法的适用性和有效性,算例结果显示,在考虑ECA和多时间窗的情况下,加油与货物装运联合优化可使班轮航次收益提高4.21%。研究表明:班轮公司与港口签署多时间窗合作协议,以及配置燃油消耗系数更小的新型班轮,不仅有利于班轮公司灵活地调整班轮航速和到/离港时间,且能够有效地降低燃油消耗,提高班轮航次货运收益。研究结论可为班轮公司制订ECA规则下的班轮运营决策提供有益的参考。展开更多
Inferior crude oil and fuel oil upgrading lead to escalating increase of hydrogen consumption in refineries.It is imperative to reduce the hydrogen consumption for energy-saving operations of refineries.An integration...Inferior crude oil and fuel oil upgrading lead to escalating increase of hydrogen consumption in refineries.It is imperative to reduce the hydrogen consumption for energy-saving operations of refineries.An integration strategy of hydrogen network and an operational optimization model of hydrotreating(HDT)units are proposed based on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of HDT units.By solving the proposed model,the operating conditions of HDT units are optimized,and the parameters of hydrogen sinks are determined by coupling hydrodesulfurization(HDS),hydrodenitrification(HDN)and aromatic hydrogenation(HDA)kinetics.An example case of a refinery with annual processing capacity of eight million tons is adopted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed optimization strategies and the model.Results show that HDS,HDN and HDA reactions are the major source of hydrogen consumption in the refinery.The total hydrogen consumption can be reduced by 18.9%by applying conventional hydrogen network optimization model.When the hydrogen network is optimized after the operational optimization of HDT units is performed,the hydrogen consumption is reduced by28.2%.When the benefit of the fuel gas recovery is further considered,the total annual cost of hydrogen network can be reduced by 3.21×10~7CNY·a^(-1),decreased by 11.9%.Therefore,the operational optimization of the HDT units in refineries should be imposed to determine the parameters of hydrogen sinks base on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of the hydrogenation processes before the optimization of the hydrogen network is performed through the source-sink matching methods.展开更多
文摘针对考虑排放控制区(Emission Control Area, ECA)和多时间窗的班轮加油与货运收益优化问题,通过分析ECA内/外航路班轮燃油切换对燃油消耗的影响,结合各港口油价、各起讫港口对货运需求量及运费率差异,以班轮运输航次收益最大化为目标,构建了混合整数非线性规划模型,并设计了分段线性割线逼近求解算法。以中国远洋海运集团有限公司的MEX航线为例,验证了模型和算法的适用性和有效性,算例结果显示,在考虑ECA和多时间窗的情况下,加油与货物装运联合优化可使班轮航次收益提高4.21%。研究表明:班轮公司与港口签署多时间窗合作协议,以及配置燃油消耗系数更小的新型班轮,不仅有利于班轮公司灵活地调整班轮航速和到/离港时间,且能够有效地降低燃油消耗,提高班轮航次货运收益。研究结论可为班轮公司制订ECA规则下的班轮运营决策提供有益的参考。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376188,21676211)the Key Project of Industrial Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(2015GY095)
文摘Inferior crude oil and fuel oil upgrading lead to escalating increase of hydrogen consumption in refineries.It is imperative to reduce the hydrogen consumption for energy-saving operations of refineries.An integration strategy of hydrogen network and an operational optimization model of hydrotreating(HDT)units are proposed based on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of HDT units.By solving the proposed model,the operating conditions of HDT units are optimized,and the parameters of hydrogen sinks are determined by coupling hydrodesulfurization(HDS),hydrodenitrification(HDN)and aromatic hydrogenation(HDA)kinetics.An example case of a refinery with annual processing capacity of eight million tons is adopted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed optimization strategies and the model.Results show that HDS,HDN and HDA reactions are the major source of hydrogen consumption in the refinery.The total hydrogen consumption can be reduced by 18.9%by applying conventional hydrogen network optimization model.When the hydrogen network is optimized after the operational optimization of HDT units is performed,the hydrogen consumption is reduced by28.2%.When the benefit of the fuel gas recovery is further considered,the total annual cost of hydrogen network can be reduced by 3.21×10~7CNY·a^(-1),decreased by 11.9%.Therefore,the operational optimization of the HDT units in refineries should be imposed to determine the parameters of hydrogen sinks base on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of the hydrogenation processes before the optimization of the hydrogen network is performed through the source-sink matching methods.
