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《管理工程师》 2004年第1期60-60,共1页
关键词 单体特许 区域开发特许 二级特许 代理特许 权利 加盟金
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The Cost of Financial Stability in Times of Crisis: The Case of Bulgaria
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作者 Vasil Stefanov Petkov 《Sociology Study》 2013年第8期573-579,共7页
The global economic turmoil from 2008 inflicted permanent damage to EU economies and its impact is still strong. To address the problems and cope with the crisis, governments were forced to conduct anti-cyclical polic... The global economic turmoil from 2008 inflicted permanent damage to EU economies and its impact is still strong. To address the problems and cope with the crisis, governments were forced to conduct anti-cyclical policies in different forms. In most countries, this resulted in a widening budget deficit and mounting government debt. Then, a raft of measures to deal with fiscal instability followed, which, however, restricted growth and had high economic and social costs. Bulgaria was among the EU Member States that turned fiscal discipline into a priority and was one of the few to manage, at least seemingly, to achieve satisfying results. The benefits that the country reaped are indisputable but the price it had to pay was too high. Many private sector companies faced insolvency, unemployment hit record highs, and important structural reforms were delayed. 展开更多
关键词 Bulgaria debt crisis fiscal discipline economic growth
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不利天气影响下考虑农户公平关切的农产品供应链协调机制研究 被引量:5
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作者 覃燕红 王少杰 《系统科学与数学》 CSCD 北大核心 2023年第3期595-609,共15页
在不利天气影响农户努力水平和农产品产量的情况下,考虑农户公平关切,建立公司主导的二级农产品供应链Stackelberg模型,分析农户公平关切对农户努力水平、公司收购价格以及农产品供应链协调性的影响.研究表明:无论农户是否公平关切,“... 在不利天气影响农户努力水平和农产品产量的情况下,考虑农户公平关切,建立公司主导的二级农产品供应链Stackelberg模型,分析农户公平关切对农户努力水平、公司收购价格以及农产品供应链协调性的影响.研究表明:无论农户是否公平关切,“保底收购,随行就市”的订单价格机制都无法实现农产品供应链协调,且农户公平关切会进一步使农产品供应链利润偏离最优.其次,收益共享契约总能实现集中决策下最优努力水平、最优农产品供应链利润,提高农户利润,但会使公司利润降低,导致农产品供应链稳定性降低.最后,“收益共享+加盟金”组合契约不仅能实现集中决策下最优努力水平、最优农产品供应链利润,实现农产品供应链协调,还能帕累托改进农产品供应链各成员利润,提高农产品供应链稳定性. 展开更多
关键词 农产品供应链 公平关切 不利天气 收益共享 加盟金
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